Dapagliflozin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
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TLDR
The cardiovascular safety profile of dapagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 that promotes glucosuria in patients with type 2 diabetes, is undefined.Abstract:
Background The cardiovascular safety profile of dapagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 that promotes glucosuria in patients with type 2 diabetes, is undefined. Methods We randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes who had or were at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease to receive either dapagliflozin or placebo. The primary safety outcome was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke. The primary efficacy outcomes were MACE and a composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure. Secondary efficacy outcomes were a renal composite (≥40% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate to <60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area, new end-stage renal disease, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes) and death from any cause. Results We evaluated 17,160 patients, including 10,186 without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, ...read more
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2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure.
Theresa McDonagh,Marco Metra,Marianna Adamo,Roy S. Gardner,Andreas Baumbach,Michael Böhm,Haran Burri,Javed Butler,Jelena Čelutkienė,Ovidiu Chioncel,John G F Cleland,A J S Coats,Maria G Crespo-Leiro,Dimitrios Farmakis,Martine Gilard,Stephane Heymans,Arno W. Hoes,Tiny Jaarsma,Ewa A. Jankowska,Mitja Lainscak,Carolyn S.P. Lam,Alexander R. Lyon,John J.V. McMurray,Alexandre Mebazaa,Richard Mindham,Claudio Muneretto,Massimo F Piepoli,Susanna Price,Giuseppe M.C. Rosano,Frank Ruschitzka,Anne Kathrine Skibelund +30 more
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TL;DR: A panel to update the prior position statements on the management of type 2 diabetes in adults includes additional focus on lifestyle management and diabetes self-management education and support and efforts targeting weight loss.
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2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines
Donna K. Arnett,Roger S. Blumenthal,Michelle A. Albert,Andrew B. Buroker,Zachary D. Goldberger,Ellen J. Hahn,Cheryl Dennison Himmelfarb,Amit Khera,Donald M. Lloyd-Jones,J. William McEvoy,Erin D. Michos,Michael D. Miedema,Daniel Muñoz,Sidney C. Smith,Salim S. Virani,Kim A. Williams,Joseph Yeboah,Boback Ziaeian +17 more
TL;DR: Patrick T. O’Gara, MD, MACC, FAHA, Chair Joshua A. Beckman,MD, MS, FAha, Chair-Elect Glenn N. Levine, MD., Immediate Past Chair Sana M. Al-Khatib, MD.
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SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials.
Thomas A Zelniker,Stephen D. Wiviott,Itamar Raz,KyungAh Im,Erica L. Goodrich,Marc P. Bonaca,Ofri Mosenzon,Eri Toda Kato,Avivit Cahn,Remo H.M. Furtado,Deepak L. Bhatt,Lawrence A. Leiter,Darren K. McGuire,John P.H. Wilding,Marc S. Sabatine +14 more
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References
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Andrew S. Levey,Lesley A. Stevens,Christopher H. Schmid,Yaping (Lucy) Zhang,Alejandro F. Castro,Harold I. Feldman,John W. Kusek,Paul W. Eggers,Frederick Van Lente,Tom Greene,Josef Coresh +10 more
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Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes.
Bernard Zinman,Christoph Wanner,John M. Lachin,David Fitchett,Erich Bluhmki,Stefan Hantel,Michaela Mattheus,Theresa Devins,Odd Erik Johansen,Hans-Juergen Woerle,Uli C. Broedl,Silvio E. Inzucchi +11 more
TL;DR: Patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk for cardiovascular events who received empagliflozin, as compared with placebo, had a lower rate of the primary composite cardiovascular outcome and of death from any cause when the study drug was added to standard care.
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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2011 Update A Report From the American Heart Association
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Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes
Bruce Neal,Vlado Perkovic,Vlado Perkovic,Kenneth W. Mahaffey,Dick de Zeeuw,Greg Fulcher,Ngozi Erondu,Wayne Shaw,Gordon Law,Mehul Desai,David R. Matthews +10 more
TL;DR: Patients treated with canagliflozin had a lower risk of cardiovascular events than those who received placebo but a greater risk of amputation, primarily at the level of the toe or metatarsal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heart failure outcomes with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk: results of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME® trial
David Fitchett,Bernard Zinman,Bernard Zinman,Christoph Wanner,John M. Lachin,Stefan Hantel,Afshin Salsali,Odd Erik Johansen,Hans-Juergen Woerle,Uli C. Broedl,Silvio E. Inzucchi +10 more
TL;DR: In patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk, empagliflozin reduced heart failure hospitalization and cardiovascular death, with a consistent benefit in patients with and without baseline heart failure.
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