Das solidarische Bürgergeld : Analysen einer Reformidee
31 Jan 2007-
About: The article was published on 2007-01-31. It has received 16 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of an unconditional basic income on labor supply and income distribution with a special focus on the incentives to work in the family context were analyzed, showing that the unconditional character of the basic income causes increasing family incomes, but also serious disincentives to work for secondary earners.
Abstract: In this paper we estimate the effects of an unconditional basic income on labor supply and income distribution with a special focus on the incentives to work in the family context. An unconditional basic income guarantees every citizen a minimum ncome without any means-testing. We simulate a proposed basic income reform with a detailed microsimulation model, estimate labor supply reactions with a structural labor supply model and perform distributional analysis using micro data from the German Socio-Economic Panel. As the originally proposed basic income concept yields a very high deficit, we also analyze two budget neutral alternatives. Comparing labor supply and distributional results of the budget neutral alternatives, the well-known equity-efficiency trade-off is unveiled. In the family context our analyzes suggest that the unconditional character of the basic income causes increasing family incomes, but also serious disincentives to work for secondary earners.
20 citations
Cites background from "Das solidarische Bürgergeld : Analy..."
...We focus on the quite modest proposal by the conservative party (CDU – Christian Democratic Union), which is based on a relatively moderate basic income (Althaus 2007)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a simulation experiment with the Finnish tax and transfer system is presented, where two levels of basic income are defined: a normal basic income for adults over 18 years and a bit higher basic income (basic pension) for pensioners.
Abstract: An explicit unconditional basic income linked with a proportional tax rate and corresponding negative income tax schedule are generally thought to produce an equal distribution of incomes. They are so to say mathematically uniform systems. If we try to implement these schedules on an existing system of social transfers and taxes, the results may nevertheless be different. One problem is that taxes are generally calculated on yearly basis but social transfers are paid on monthly or even daily basis. There can be also other differences in the implementation. In this paper a simulation experiment with the Finnish tax and transfer system is presented. Two levels of basic income are defined: a normal basic income for adults over 18 years and a bit higher basic income (basic pension) for pensioners. Two alternative simulations are made: one corresponding to an unconditional basic income model and the other corresponding to the idea of negative income tax. Then the distributional effects and various transfer and income flows are studied.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the likelihood of Germany introducing a basic income policy and discuss practical system design problems and the chances of realizing such a policy, using two models: the basic income guarantee and the solidarity citizen's income.
Abstract: The article discusses whether the likelihood of Germany introducing a basic income policy — that is indepen- dent of labour market participation — has increased in recent years. A brief description of the main elements of the German welfare state is followed by a critical analysis of more recent developments in guaranteeing a basic income, not least with the 2003 merger of unemployment benefits and social assistance. Since then the resulting fears of downward mobility felt even by the middle classes have reignited the 1980's debate about a basic income. Two models (the "basic income guarantee" and the "solidarity citizen's income") are used to discuss practical system design problems and the chances of realizing a basic income policy.
11 citations
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: The Basic Income Earth Network (BIEN) as discussed by the authors has been used to define three criteria for the basic income: (1) it is paid to individuals rather than households; (2) it can be paid irrespective of any income from other sources; and (3) it cannot be paid without requiring performance of any work or the willingness to accept a job if offered.
Abstract: Basic income (BI) in a very general sense has been discussed at intervals in Germany since the 1970s, with emphasis being placed on its unconditional dimension since 2003. Despite the stunning attention it has gained due to intense debate, BI has not made it into legislation or legislative initiatives. When I talk about BI, I follow more or less the criteria proposed by the Basic Income Earth Network (BIEN): (1) it is paid to individuals rather than households; (2) it is paid irrespective of any income from other sources; (3) it is paid without requiring performance of any work or the willingness to accept a job if offered. Limitations and constraints of these three criteria are pointed out in the section “Arguments and Debates.” It is because of these criteria that I do not consider Burgergeld (Citizen’s Money, see Mitschke 2000) in my chapter.
8 citations
References
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31 Jan 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors place politics in time and place it in the context of social science inquiry. But they do not discuss the role of time in the process of institution design.
Abstract: List of Figures and Tables ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction: Placing Politics in Time 1 Chapter One Positive Feedback and Path Dependence 17 Chapter Two Timing and Sequence 54 Chapter Three Long-Term Processes 79 Chapter Four The Limits of Institutional Design 103 Chapter Five Institutional Development 133 Conclusion Temporal Context in Social Science Inquiry 167 Bibliography 179 Index 195
3,698 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined European public perceptions of the relative deservingness of four needy groups (elderly people, sick and disabled people, unemployed people, and immigrants) using data from the 1999/2000 European Values Study survey.
Abstract: Summary Welfare states treat different groups of needy people differently. Such differential rationing may reflect various considerations of policymakers, who act in economic, political and cultural contexts. This article aims at contributing to a theoretical and empirical understanding of the popular cultural context of welfare rationing. It examines European public perceptions of the relative deservingness of four needy groups (elderly people, sick and disabled people, unemployed people, and immigrants). Hypotheses, deduced from a literature review, are tested against data from the 1999/2000 European Values Study survey. It is found that Europeans share a common and fundamental deservingness culture: across countries and social categories there is a consistent pattern that elderly people are seen as most deserving, closely followed by sick and disabled people; unemployed people are seen as less deserving still, and immigrants as least deserving of all. Conditionality is greater in poorer countries, in countries with lower unemployment, and in countries where people have less trust in fellow citizens and in state institutions. At the national level there is no relation with welfare regime type or welfare spending. Individual differences in conditionality are determined by several socio-demographic and attitudinal characteristics, as well as by certain features of the country people live in.
836 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a reinterpretation of Hegels Vorlesungen zur Rechtsphilosophie an der Berliner Universität.
Abstract: DieGrundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts oder Naturrecht und Staatswissenschaft im Grundrisse sind ein im Oktober 1820 erschienenes[1] Werk des deutschen Philosophen Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Es sollte ursprünglich als begleitendes Lehrbuch zu Hegels Vorlesungen zur Rechtsphilosophie an der Berliner Universität dienen. Es gilt als zentrale Darstellung von Hegels Philosophie des objektiven Geistes neben dem entsprechenden Abschnitt seiner Enzyklopädie und diversen Vorlesungsmitschriften.
402 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the political history of the EITC, its rules and goals, and provide a broad set of program statistics on its growth and coverage, concluding that participation rates of the credit are high, rates of credit noncompliance are also high, and that there are theoretical reasons to prefer the eITC to other anti-poverty programs if one's objective is to encourage work among the poor.
Abstract: Since its inception in 1975, the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) has grown into the largest, Federally-funded means-tested cash assistance program in the United States. In this chapter, we review the political history of the EITC, its rules and goals and provide a broad set of program statistics on its growth and coverage. We summarize conceptual underpinnings of much of the recent economic research on the EITC, discussing participation in the credit and compliance with its provisions, and its effects on labor force participation and hours of work, marriage and fertility, skill formation and consumption. We note that participation rates of the credit are high, rates of credit noncompliance are also high, and that there are theoretical reasons to prefer the EITC to other anti-poverty programs if one's objective is to encourage work among the poor. We also note that the predicted effects of the EITC are not all pro-work, especially with respect to hours and its labor market incentives for two-earner couples. We then summarize the existing empirical research on the behavioral effects of the EITC, paying particularly emphasis to the effects of the 1986, 1990 and 1993 expansions of the credit on labor force participation and hours of work. The literature provides consistent evidence, generated from a variety of empirical approaches, that the EITC positively affects labor force participation. The literature also finds smaller, negative effects on hours of work for people already in the labor market and for secondary workers. We conclude the chapter with a discussion of the ongoing EITC-related policy debates and highlight what, if any, critical economic issues underlie these debates.
379 citations