Daytime noise and subsequent night sleep in man.
01 Jan 1984-European Journal of Applied Physiology (Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol)-Vol. 53, Iss: 2, pp 159-163
TL;DR: The findings support the assumption that strong daytime noise may interfere with subsequent sleep processes and that the autonomic parameters were not clearly affected by the noise exposure.
Abstract: The effects of daytime noise on recovery processes during subsequent undisturbed night sleep were studied in six healthy men (21–27 years), exposed to 80 dB (A) pink noise 8 h per day for 2 days. Sleep EEG, ECG, and respiration were recorded in the laboratory for five consecutive nights: two baseline nights, two nights following noise stimulation, and again one baseline night. Additionally questionnaire data were collected, reflecting a subjective impairment of the recovery function of sleep after noise exposure. EEG sleep data of the first post-noise night showed an increase in slow wave sleep with a simultaneous decrease in stage 2 sleep. During the second post-noise night these changes were less prominent. Three subjects additionally showed an instability in the sleep course coinciding with elevated heart and respiration rates. However, altogether the autonomic parameters were not clearly affected by the noise exposure. The findings support the assumption that strong daytime noise may interfere with subsequent sleep processes.
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TL;DR: This study compares the interior acoustics in rail vehicles by Zwicker’s model and proposes the new EEG psychoacoustic annoyance indices to calculate the passengers’ psychoacoustics annoyance with EEG sub-bands with validation of this index and the comparison existing features have been made from the experiment carried on the high-speed train.
16 citations
TL;DR: After daytime noise load, increased sleep stage 4 stability, partly elevated hGH and PRL levels and decreased levels of the metabolites of the serotonergic system were found, suggesting high daytime noise stress is an additional load for the CNS which demands an intensification of recovery processes during the sleep of the subsequent night.
Abstract: The effects of strong daytime noise stress on subsequent undisturbed night sleep were studied in six male volunteers. They slept for seven consecutive nights in the laboratory, two nights being preceded by an 8 h exposure to 83 dB (A) pink noise. Continuously during all nights EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG and respiration were recorded. Additionally, during five nights, blood samples were taken every 30 min by an indwelling venous catheter for the determination of ACTH, hGH, PRL, TRP, 5-HT and 5-HIAA. After daytime noise load, increased sleep stage 4 stability, partly elevated hGH and PRL levels and decreased levels of the metabolites of the serotonergic system were found. This result may be explained by the assumption that high daytime noise stress is an additional load for the CNS which demands an intensification of recovery processes during the sleep of the subsequent night.
16 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that sleep architecture depends on auditory demands during the prior wakefulness, suggesting that the local neural activation underlying auditory stimulation may trigger brain control mechanisms selectively involved in both the slow wave sleep maintenance and organization.
15 citations
Cites background from "Daytime noise and subsequent night ..."
...In contrast, it was reported that 8 h of pink noise (80 dB) led to longer SWS [15] and increased stability of SWS [16]....
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TL;DR: This study shows a significant association between DSE and poor sleep quality, especially when workers were exposed to physical risk factors (noise, vibration, abnormal temperature, etc.) and shift work.
Abstract: Background The number of workers in non-standard employment (NSE) is increasing due to industrial change and technological development. Dependent self-employment (DSE), a type of NSE, was created decades ago. Despite the problems associated with this new type of employment, few studies have been conducted on the effects by DSE on health, especially sleep quality. This study aims to determine the relationship between DSE and sleep quality. Methods This study analyzed data of 50,250 wage workers from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. Workers that did not respond or refused to answer any questions related to variables were excluded, and finally 36,709 participants were included in this study. A total of 2,287 workers (6.2%) were compared with non-DSE (34,422; 93.8%) workers, and multiple logistic regression analyses were applied. Results DSE status had a significant association with difficulty falling asleep (odds ratio [OR]: 1.331, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.178-1.504), difficulty maintaining sleep (OR: 1.279; 95% CI: 1.125-1.455), and extreme fatigue after waking up (OR: 1.331; 95% CI: 1.184-1.496). A multiple logistic regression of the variables for sleep quality in DSE showed a significant association with exposure to physical factors for all types of poor sleep quality as well as shift work for difficulty maintaining sleep with extreme fatigue after waking up. Long working hours and emotional labor were also associated with extreme fatigue after waking up. Conclusions This study shows a significant association between DSE and poor sleep quality, especially when workers were exposed to physical risk factors (noise, vibration, abnormal temperature, etc.) and shift work.
11 citations
TL;DR: Occupational drivers who are exposed to night work and evening work are at higher risks for sleep disturbance and optimal work schedules for minimising sleep disturbance should be developed.
Abstract: Background
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between irregular work schedules and sleep disturbance and compare the impacts of work schedule on sleep disturbance between occupational drivers and office workers.
Methods
Using data from the 3rd and 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey, 3,070 occupational drivers and 9,898 office workers were included in this study. The subjects’ days of night work, evening work, and subjective complaints of sleep disturbance were investigated along with other covariates.
Results
In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, occupational drivers (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51, 1.11–2.05), workers who were engaged in more night work (2.49, 1.84–3.38 for 1–15 days, and 3.80, 2.67–5.41 for 16–30 days) and evening work (2.22, 1.66–2.97 for 1–15 days, and 1.76, 1.26–2.45) were more likely to report sleep disturbance. Moreover, occupational driving showed significant interaction effects with both night and evening work on sleep disturbance, and therefore, showed higher ORs for sleep disturbance in the 16–30 days night (5.38, 3.40–8.52) and evening (3.13, 1.97–4.98) compared to no night and evening working office workers.
Conclusions
Occupational drivers who are exposed to night work and evening work are at higher risks for sleep disturbance. Therefore, for the public and drivers’ safety, optimal work schedules for minimising sleep disturbance should be developed.
10 citations
References
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01 Jan 1964TL;DR: The purpose here is to describe a few of these methods which have been used by experimentalists in biological and physical research and whether these results indicate a superiority of sample A over sample B?
Abstract: The last twenty years have seen a great increase in the use of statistical methods in various branches of science and technology. One of the obstacles to the more widespread use of these methods is the complex and laborious nature of the computations which are often required in order to make use of the customary textbook methods. It is not always realized that rapid approximate methods are available for many situations.4 Such approximate methods, however, sacrifice some of the information contained in the data. The purpose here is to describe a few of these methods which have been used by experimentalists in biological and physical research. Signi$canceof Differences. Many experiments are designed to test whether one category differs from another in regard to some measurable quantity. These categories may be, for example: the tensile strength of two types of metal or plastic; the effect of a proposed drug or treatment compared with one now in use; or the comparison of the effect of two fertilizer mixtures on the yield of a certain crop. In all such cases the logic underlying the experiment is usually the same. The assumption is made that the two categories (materials, drugs, or fertilizers) do not differ. An experiment is performed leading to a set of replicated measurements under each category. A statistical constant is calculated from the results, and the probability of obtaining a value as large or larger than that obtained is used as a guide in accepting or rejecting the original assumption. If this probability is sufkiently small, the hypothesis that the two materials are the same is abandoned and a decision is reached that they are different. The particular probability level a t which the hypothesis is abandoned is, of course, a matter of choice, and is determined in part by the seriousness of the consequences should a wrong decision be made, the time and expense involved in the experiments, etc. Efficient statistical tests are described in current textbooks, but these tests often require considerable computation. The tests to be described here are quite simple but often adequate for the purpose in view. Tests Based on Rank Vumbers. An example from entomological work will serve to illustrate these methods. Two household fly sprays had been tested on houseflies, and the tests were replicated eight times for each material. The results obtained, expressed as per cent mortality of the houseflies, are shown in TABLE 1. The average per cent mortality for sample A is 67.7 per cent, while for sample B it is 61.7 per cent. The question to be decided is whether these results indicate a superiority of sample A over sample B? or whether the results are merely due to chance fluctuations and would not hold true in the long run. We may assign rank numbers 1 to 16 to the 16 results in order of magni-
1,021 citations
"Daytime noise and subsequent night ..." refers methods in this paper
...For further analysis of the data, mean values of the different parameters were calculated and significance was tested by comparing paired replicates (Wilcoxon and Wilcox 1964)....
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TL;DR: The present findings support the hypothesis that the EEG power density in the low frequency range is an indicator of a progressively declining process during sleep whose initial value is determined by the duration of prior waking.
992 citations
TL;DR: The runners showed less rapid eye-movement activity during sleep than the nonrunners under both experimental conditions, indicating a strong and unexpected effect of physical fitness on this measure.
Abstract: We tested the hypothesis that EEG sleep stages 3 and 4 (slow-wave sleep, SWS) would be increased as a function of either acute of chronic exercise. Ten distance runners were matched with 10 nonrunners, and their sleep was recorded under both habitual (runners running and nonrunners not running, 3 night) and abruptly changed (runners not running and nonrunners running, 1 night) conditions. Analyses of both visually scored SWS and computer measures of delta activity during non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep failed to support the SWS-exercise hypothesis. The runners showed a significantly higher proportion and a greater absolute amount of NREM sleep than the nonrunners. The runners showed less rapid eye-movement activity during sleep than the nonrunners under both experimental conditions, indicating a strong and unexpected effect of physical fitness on this measure. Modest afternoon exercise in nonrunners was associated with a strong trend toward elevated heart rate during sleep. Mood tests and personality profiles revealed few differences, either between groups or within groups, as a function of exercise.
222 citations