DC-DC Converter and Its Multiport Interface
01 Dec 2019-
TL;DR: Time-domain simulations of each of these structures are discussed to confirm the need for the DDC to make a shift from conventional single-input-single-output (SISO) based two-port DDC configuration to the multi- input-multi- output (MIMO) based multiport designs.
Abstract: DC-DC power conversion, ranging from volt-fraction to ten of kVs, and mWs-MWs, is found in various applications, the latter making a human’s life comfortable. DC motor drives [1], telecommunications [2], satellite [3], fuel cell electric vehicles [4], are among many other such applications. The literature reports a large number of topology, and design variants of a DC-DC converter (DDC) as in [5]– [17] and references within, to achieve an improvement in the efficiency [18] of the DC-DC power conversion. The advent of novel configurations enables the DDC to make a shift from conventional single-input-single-output (SISO) based two-port DDC configuration to the multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) based multiport designs. This article highlights the need of this structure shift by detailing the SISO, multi-input-single-output (MISO), single-input-multi-output (SIMO), and the MIMO DDC structures. Afterward, this brief discusses time-domain simulations of each of these structures to confirm the aforesaid structure shift.
Citations
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TL;DR: The proposed microgrid architecture exhibits superiority and enhanced functionality in comparison to the existing conventional architectures in terms of the reduced number of converters for each resource integration, modularity, scalability, and bidirectional power flow capability, and local maximum power point tracking for each renewable resource.
Abstract: In this study, modelling, implementation, and control of a hybrid renewables-based, scalable DC microgrid using multi-input multi-output dual active half-bridge (DAHB) converter is presented. The proposed microgrid architecture exhibits superiority and enhanced functionality in comparison to the existing conventional architectures in terms of the reduced number of converters for each resource integration, modularity, scalability, and bidirectional power flow capability, and local maximum power point tracking for each renewable resource. The proposed architecture is significant in terms that only a single converter is responsible for the whole operation of the DC microgrid. A dual half active bridge acts as a central hub for power processing while multiple renewable energy resources can be integrated through isolated input and output ports. The proposed microgrid is analysed for power flow, and the control scheme for different voltage and power-sharing scenarios is designed. The proposed architecture of the microgrid is simulated on the Power-SIM simulator, and a simplified hardware prototype is implemented in the laboratory with satisfactory results.
3 citations
30 Sep 2021
TL;DR: Zebrane wyniki badań, symulacji oraz testów poszczególnych rozwiązań przeprowadzanych przy odmiennych założeniach pozwoliły na opracowaniepodsumowania.
Abstract: This paper presents a review of the most popular isolated DC/DC converters topologies. Presented solutions are divided to two main groups.First- unidirectional soft switched isolated DC/DC converters and the second one- bidirectional soft switched isolated DC/DC converters. It introducedalso a two main DC/DC converters control methods. The collected results of research, simulations and tests of individual solutions carried out withdifferent assumptions allowed for the preparation of a summary. The formulated conclusions can define the direction of development of resonantconverters and a specific starting point for further research on control algorithms as well as improving the efficiency of DC converters.
24 Jan 2023
TL;DR: In this paper , an architecture with multiple inputs and multiple outputs is described, and detailed switch-level simulation is performed for all operating modes to describe, evaluate, and verify the circuit.
Abstract: The versatility, portability, and increased efficiency of multiple-input multiple-output converters have earned them widespread accolades. DC-DC power conversion is used in many different contexts, with the latter often including the creation of more pleasant conditions for human habitation. To effectively connect numerous dc loads to multiple dc inputs, an architecture with multiple inputs and multiple outputs is described. Detailed switch-level simulation is performed for all operating modes to describe, evaluate, and verify the circuit. Moreover, the control technique for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) converters maintains a steady dc-bus on the Nano grid’s high voltage side even when the voltage on the low voltage side fluctuates across a broad range.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors comprehensively review and classify various step-up dc-dc converters based on their characteristics and voltage-boosting techniques, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these voltage boosting techniques and associated converters.
Abstract: DC–DC converters with voltage boost capability are widely used in a large number of power conversion applications, from fraction-of-volt to tens of thousands of volts at power levels from milliwatts to megawatts. The literature has reported on various voltage-boosting techniques, in which fundamental energy storing elements (inductors and capacitors) and/or transformers in conjunction with switch(es) and diode(s) are utilized in the circuit. These techniques include switched capacitor (charge pump), voltage multiplier, switched inductor/voltage lift, magnetic coupling, and multistage/-level, and each has its own merits and demerits depending on application, in terms of cost, complexity, power density, reliability, and efficiency. To meet the growing demand for such applications, new power converter topologies that use the above voltage-boosting techniques, as well as some active and passive components, are continuously being proposed. The permutations and combinations of the various voltage-boosting techniques with additional components in a circuit allow for numerous new topologies and configurations, which are often confusing and difficult to follow. Therefore, to present a clear picture on the general law and framework of the development of next-generation step-up dc–dc converters, this paper aims to comprehensively review and classify various step-up dc–dc converters based on their characteristics and voltage-boosting techniques. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of these voltage-boosting techniques and associated converters are discussed in detail. Finally, broad applications of dc–dc converters are presented and summarized with comparative study of different voltage-boosting techniques.
1,230 citations
"DC-DC Converter and Its Multiport I..." refers background in this paper
...The literature reports a large number of topology, and design variants of a DC-DC converter (DDC) as in [5]–[17] and references within, to achieve an improvement in the efficiency [18] of the DC-DC power conversion....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive literature review of AC and DC microgrid (MG) systems in connection with distributed generation (DG) units using renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage systems (ESS) and loads.
Abstract: This paper presents the latest comprehensive literature review of AC and DC microgrid (MG) systems in connection with distributed generation (DG) units using renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage systems (ESS) and loads. A survey on the alternative DG units' configurations in the low voltage AC (LVAC) and DC (LVDC) distribution networks with several applications of microgrid systems in the viewpoint of the current and the future consumer equipments energy market is extensively discussed. Based on the economical, technical and environmental benefits of the renewable energy related DG units, a thorough comparison between the two types of microgrid systems is provided. The paper also investigates the feasibility, control and energy management strategies of the two microgrid systems relying on the most current research works. Finally, the generalized relay tripping currents are derived and the protection strategies in microgrid systems are addressed in detail. From this literature survey, it can be revealed that the AC and DC microgrid systems with multiconverter devices are intrinsically potential for the future energy systems to achieve reliability, efficiency and quality power supply.
1,004 citations
"DC-DC Converter and Its Multiport I..." refers background in this paper
...DC-based power networks (DPNs) [19]–[25] possess several advantages over their AC counterparts [26] such as low set-up cost, less tower height, no alternating magnetic field, availability of environment favoring distributed renewable energy resources (RENRs), superior efficiency, among many others....
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TL;DR: The state of the art for electric, hybrid, and fuel-cell vehicles is reviewed, with a focus on architectures and modeling for energy management.
Abstract: With the advent of more stringent regulations related to emissions, fuel economy, and global warming, as well as energy resource constraints, electric, hybrid, and fuel-cell vehicles have attracted increasing attention from vehicle constructors, governments, and consumers. Research and development efforts have focused on developing advanced powertrains and efficient energy systems. This paper reviews the state of the art for electric, hybrid, and fuel-cell vehicles, with a focus on architectures and modeling for energy management. Although classic modeling approaches have often been used, new systemic approaches that allow better understanding of the interaction between the numerous subsystems have recently been introduced.
678 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the control strategy and power management for an integrated three-port converter, which interfaces one solar input port, one bidirectional battery port, and an isolated output port.
Abstract: This paper presents the control strategy and power management for an integrated three-port converter, which interfaces one solar input port, one bidirectional battery port, and an isolated output port. Multimode operations and multiloop designs are vital for such multiport converters. However, control design is difficult for a multiport converter to achieve multifunctional power management because of various cross-coupled control loops. Since there are various modes of operation, it is challenging to define different modes and to further implement autonomous mode transition based on the energy state of the three power ports. A competitive method is used to realize smooth and seamless mode transition. Multiport converter has plenty of interacting control loops due to integrated power trains. It is difficult to design close-loop controls without proper decoupling method. A detailed approach is provided utilizing state-space averaging method to obtain the converter model under different modes of operation, and then a decoupling network is introduced to allow separate controller designs. Simulation and experimental results verify the converter control design and power management during various operational modes.
364 citations
"DC-DC Converter and Its Multiport I..." refers background in this paper
...DC motor drives [1], telecommunications [2], satellite [3], fuel cell electric vehicles [4], are among many other such applications....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, a multi-input DC/DC power converter based on the flux additivity is proposed, which combines input DC sources in magnetic form by adding up the produced magnetic flux together in the magnetic core of the coupled transformer.
Abstract: A multi-input DC/DC power converter based on the flux additivity is proposed in this paper. Instead of combining input DC sources in the electric form, the proposed converter combines input DC sources in magnetic form by adding up the produced magnetic flux together in the magnetic core of the coupled transformer. With the phase-shifted pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) control, the proposed converter can draw power from two different DC sources and deliver it to the load individually and simultaneously. The operation principle of the proposed converter has been analyzed in detail. The output voltage regulation and power flow control can be achieved by the phase-shifted PWM control. A prototype converter with two different DC voltage sources has been successfully implemented. Computer simulations and hardware experimental results are presented to verify the performance of the proposed multi-input DC/DC power converter.
341 citations