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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Deep image mining for diabetic retinopathy screening.

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TLDR
In this article, a generalization of the backpropagation method is proposed in order to train ConvNets that produce high-quality heatmaps, showing which pixels in images play a role in the image-level predictions.
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This article is published in Medical Image Analysis.The article was published on 2017-07-01 and is currently open access. It has received 346 citations till now.

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Artificial intelligence and deep learning in ophthalmology

TL;DR: There are also potential challenges with DL application in ophthalmology, including clinical and technical challenges, explainability of the algorithm results, medicolegal issues, and physician and patient acceptance of the AI ‘black-box’ algorithms.
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Automated Grading of Age-Related Macular Degeneration From Color Fundus Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that automated algorithms could play a role that is independent of expert human graders in the current management of AMD and could address the costs of screening or monitoring, access to health care, and the assessment of novel treatments that address the development or progression of AMD.
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Fundus Image Classification Using VGG-19 Architecture with PCA and SVD

TL;DR: The proposed VGG-19 DNN based DR model outperformed the AlexNet and spatial invariant feature transform (SIFT) in terms of classification accuracy and computational time.
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Explaining Deep Neural Networks and Beyond: A Review of Methods and Applications

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a timely overview of explainable AI, with a focus on 'post-hoc' explanations, explain its theoretical foundations, and put interpretability algorithms to a test both from a theory and comparative evaluation perspective using extensive simulations.
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Explaining Deep Neural Networks and Beyond: A Review of Methods and Applications

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a timely overview of post hoc explanations and explain its theoretical foundations, and put interpretability algorithms to a test both from a theory and comparative evaluation perspective using extensive simulations, and demonstrate successful usage of XAI in a representative selection of application scenarios.
References
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Proceedings Article

Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization

TL;DR: This work introduces Adam, an algorithm for first-order gradient-based optimization of stochastic objective functions, based on adaptive estimates of lower-order moments, and provides a regret bound on the convergence rate that is comparable to the best known results under the online convex optimization framework.
Proceedings Article

ImageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

TL;DR: The state-of-the-art performance of CNNs was achieved by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) as discussed by the authors, which consists of five convolutional layers, some of which are followed by max-pooling layers, and three fully-connected layers with a final 1000-way softmax.
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Deep learning

TL;DR: Deep learning is making major advances in solving problems that have resisted the best attempts of the artificial intelligence community for many years, and will have many more successes in the near future because it requires very little engineering by hand and can easily take advantage of increases in the amount of available computation and data.
Journal ArticleDOI

Regression Shrinkage and Selection via the Lasso

TL;DR: A new method for estimation in linear models called the lasso, which minimizes the residual sum of squares subject to the sum of the absolute value of the coefficients being less than a constant, is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI

ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge

TL;DR: The ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC) as mentioned in this paper is a benchmark in object category classification and detection on hundreds of object categories and millions of images, which has been run annually from 2010 to present, attracting participation from more than fifty institutions.
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