Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implications
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Cites background or result from "Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 p..."
..., 2020), measurements of common leukocyte types, or inflammatory proteins in blood (Giamarellos-Bourboulis et al., 2020; Laing et al., 2020; Mathew et al., 2020; Meckiff et al., 2020; Ou et al., 2020; Sekine et al., 2020) to obtain powerful information about the status of COVID-19 patients....
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...Other studies have used direct ex vivo markers of T cell or B cell activation (e.g., KI67) (Mathew et al., 2020), polyclonally stimulated T cells (Lucas et al., 2020; Remy et al., 2020), measurements of common leukocyte types, or inflammatory proteins in blood (Giamarellos-Bourboulis et al., 2020; Laing et al., 2020; Mathew et al., 2020; Meckiff et al., 2020; Ou et al., 2020; Sekine et al., 2020) to obtain powerful information about the status of COVID-19 patients....
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..., plasmablasts or HLA-DR T cells) and concluded that one subgroup was represented by patients with low to undetectable activation of T and B cells (Mathew et al., 2020), though antigen-specific T cells and neutralizing antibodies were not directly measured....
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...SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific adaptive immune responses (ADIM) have been inferred from surrogate markers in large studies (Laing et al., 2020; Lucas et al., 2020; Mathew et al., 2020), and some antigen-specific T cell (Meckiff et al....
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...001; Figures S5A–S5C) and correlated with disease severity (Figure 5A), consistent with large cohort studies of plasma cytokines (Chen et al., 2020; Laing et al., 2020; Mathew et al., 2020; Yang et al., 2020)....
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Additional excerpts
...1016/S1473-3099(20)30141-9; pmid: 32113510...
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...1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5; pmid: 31986264...
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20,272 citations
"Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 p..." refers background in this paper
...S1B) as described previously (8, 32) and in a companion study (33)....
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6,850 citations
"Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 p..." refers background in this paper
...Autopsies revealed high virus levels in the respiratory tract and other tissues (52), suggesting ineffective immune responses....
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3,532 citations
"Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 p..." refers background in this paper
...S1B), as described previously (8, 32) and in a companion study (33)....
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3,488 citations
"Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 p..." refers result in this paper
...Although there is evidence of T cell activation in COVID-19 patients (16), some studies have found decreases in polyfunctionality (12, 17) or cytotoxicity (12), but these changes have not been observed in other studies (13)....
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