Degradation of Crude Oil Using Biodiesel Produced from Seeds of Mimusops Elengi and Waste Beef Tallow
TL;DR: In this article, the degradation of crude oil using biodiesel from two different sources having different degree of saturation was studied, which is used to degrade the crude oil by dissolve the complex hydrocarbon chains in it, thereby reducing its viscosity and enhancing its handling.
Abstract: This paper deals with the study of degradation of crude oil using biodiesel from two different sources having different degree of saturation. Biodiesel is normally produced for meeting the energy demand in the market, can also be used for the degradation purpose because of its solvent nature on hydrocarbons. This property is used to degrade the crude oil by dissolve the complex hydrocarbon chains in it, thereby reducing its viscosity and enhancing its handling. The feedstocks used for biodiesel production are oil from seeds of Mimusops elengi (unsaturated oil) and waste beef tallow (saturated Fat). The biodiesel was produced by the means of base catalyzed methanol transesterification reaction. The most optimized blending ratio between crude oil to biodiesel was found to be 1:1.95 (crude oil: biodiesel) for elengi biodiesel and 1:1.85 (crude oil: biodiesel) for tallow biodiesel and the retention time for elengi oil and tallow biodiesel was found to be 16 days and 24 days respectively. The maximum degradation rate that was achieved by this technique was 95%. This method proves to be a renewable option for degrading the spilled crude oil during wreckages with limited environmental concerns in ecofriendly manner.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized the detailed literature study on biodiesel produced from waste animal fats discarded from leather tanneries and animal slaughter houses and focused on the extraction techniques, refining process, biodiesel production process along with its advantages and effect on engine.
Abstract: Biodiesel is a long chain fatty acid alkyl ester molecule with robust characteristics suitable for both environment and as alternate energy resources. This paper aimed in summarizing the detailed literature study on biodiesel produced from waste animal fats discarded from leather tanneries and animal slaughter houses. This study concentrated on the extraction techniques, refining process, biodiesel production process along with its advantages and effect on engine. The fats had been proven to a viable feedstock when compared to vegetable oil and waste cooking oil in terms of productivity and economy. Various technical challenges involved in biodiesel production are food vs. fuel conflict over feedstock, auxiliary energy requirement for fat extraction and biodiesel production, Free Fatty Acid content, optimizing the reaction. Effects of biodiesel on engine application had also been discussed and will be providing wider scope of research for overcoming these short comes. This literature study affirmed that biodiesel produced from waste animal fat has a very good impact in reducing environmental pollution and moving a step ahead towards an effective sustainable development.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the applicability of neat biodiesel (B100) as a biostimulator and its role in bioaugmentation, microbial seeding techniques, for the treatment of diesel and biodiesel blends contaminated soil and groundwater resources is discussed.
2 citations
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article , carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphitic carbon layers were synthesized using barbeque grease as carbon precursor via the chemical vapour deposition technique (CVD).
Abstract: Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have been a remarkable material and impacted today's technology in various fields, such as enhancing agents for host material and environment-related applications. Green synthesis of CNMs gains attention as it requires low cost and less energy during the fabrications. In addition, the starting material is either environmental-friendly or a waste carbon compound that can be obtained from the household or catering industry. In this research, CNMs such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphitic carbon layers were synthesised using barbeque grease as carbon precursor via the chemical vapour deposition technique (CVD). The oil waste was analysed with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and it showed that the oil waste contained a high amount of hydrocarbon chain such as pentadecane and 1-nonadecene, which decomposed into simple hydrocarbon bonding during the deposition and grew CNMs on the catalyst. SEM and TEM results showed that the CNTs with a diameter range of 42 ± 17 nm (outer) and 3.5 ± 0.5 nm (inner) were synthesised using the Ni catalyst. Raman and SEM revealed that the graphitic carbon layers with a D to G peak intensity ratio (ID/IG) is 0.9898 were fabricated using Cu foil as the substrate. This research aims to discover novel and low-cost carbon precursors for the CVD system, to produce high-quality CNMs.
1 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the biodegradability of various biodiesel fuels was examined by the CO2 evolution method (EPA 560/6-82-003), BOD5 (EPA 405.1), COD (EPA 410), and gas chromatography (GC) analyses in an aquatic system.
Abstract: The biodegradability of various biodiesel fuels was examined by the CO2 evolution method (EPA 560/6-82-003),
BOD5 (EPA 405.1), COD (EPA 410), and gas chromatography (GC) analyses in an aquatic system. The fuels examined
included the methyl- and ethyl-esters of rapeseed oil and soybean oil, neat rapeseed oil, neat soybean oil and Phillips 2-D
low sulfur, reference petroleum diesel. Blends of biodiesel/petroleum diesel at different volumetric ratios, including 80/20,
50/50, and 20/80, were also examined. The results demonstrate that all the biodiesel fuels are “readily biodegradable”.
Moreover, in the presence of REE, the degradation rate of petroleum diesel increased to twice that of petroleum diesel alone.
The pattern of biodegradation in the blends and reasons why biodiesel is more readily degradable than petroleum diesel are
discussed. The biodegradation monitoring results from both CO2 evolution and GC methods are compared.
231 citations
"Degradation of Crude Oil Using Biod..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Volume 9 • Issue 2 • 1000444 J Earth Sci Clim Change, an open access journal ISSN: 2157-7617 by employing EPA method [8]....
[...]
...Biodiesel speeds up the degradation of crude oil and use of microorganisms readily attacks the carbon source which makes it more degradable [8,9]....
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the CO2 evolution test to study the biodegradability of biodiesel and its mixtures with fossil diesel fuel and gasoline, showing that the synergic effect was positive in all the cases.
Abstract: Biodiesel is a clean renewable fuel with many environmental advantages. One of the most important is its good biodegradability and ability to dissolve crude oil and its derivatives. In this paper, we used the CO2 evolution test to study the biodegradability of biodiesel and its mixtures with fossil diesel fuel and gasoline. The biodegradability of biodiesel was higher than 98% after 28 days, while for diesel fuel and gasoline it was 50% and 56%, respectively. In all the cases, biodegradability increased with the addition of biodiesel. To evaluate the synergic effect, the experimental results for the mixtures were compared with a linear combination of the biodegradability values for the pure compounds. The synergic effect was positive in all the cases, demonstrating that biodiesel enhances the biodegradability of both diesel fuel and gasoline by means of cometabolism. The density and viscosity of the mixtures were also evaluated to determine the possibility of collecting them from an affected area. Although both properties increased with the addition of biodiesel, in all the cases the density was lower than that of water and the viscosity was low enough to allow pumpability.
191 citations
"Degradation of Crude Oil Using Biod..." refers background in this paper
...Biodiesel speeds up the degradation of crude oil and use of microorganisms readily attacks the carbon source which makes it more degradable [8,9]....
[...]
126 citations
TL;DR: In this article, water soluble components were washed through the sand columns and these components subsequently precipitated with cold storage, and the sediments after four weeks were black in colour due to the precipitation of metal sulphides although no H 2 S was generated because the pH of the seawater kept the sulphides in solution.
102 citations
"Degradation of Crude Oil Using Biod..." refers background or methods in this paper
...The mixing ratios (crude oil: biodiesel) were maintained as 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2 for both mimusops Elengi seed oil and tallow based biodiesel and was studied for 30 days [7]....
[...]
...The crude oil: biodiesel mixture was mixed in three different ratios 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 for both elengi oil and beef tallow biodiesel [7]....
[...]
...Based on literature study, researchers verified that in some cases biodiesel can be applied in contaminated areas as an enhancement agent to bioremediation processes [7,1013]....
[...]
...Biodiesel is a non-volatile solvent with zero toxicity and high degradability [4], that can be used to degrade crude oils from spillage zones and contaminated soils without any adverse side effects [5-7]....
[...]
TL;DR: The ready biodegradability and low phytotoxicity of biodiesel suggest that it may be suitable as a novel treatment for the bioremediation of coal tar contaminated soils.
100 citations