Demonstration of ultra-flattened dispersion in photonic crystal fibers
TL;DR: This work demonstrates photonic crystal fibers with ultra-flattened, near zero dispersion with micro-structured fibers showing dispersion of 0 +/- 0.6 ps/nm from 1.24 microm-1.6 microm wavelength.
Abstract: We demonstrate photonic crystal fibers with ultra-flattened, near zero dispersion. Two micro-structured fibers showing dispersion of 0 ± 0.6 ps/nm.km from 1.24 μm-1.44 μm wavelength and 0 ± 1.2 ps/nm.km over 1 μm-1.6 μm wavelength have been measured.
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TL;DR: In this article, a periodic array of microscopic air holes that run along the entire fiber length are used to guide light by corralling it within a periodic arrays of microscopic holes.
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibers guide light by corralling it within a periodic array of microscopic air holes that run along the entire fiber length Largely through their ability to overcome the limitations of conventional fiber optics—for example, by permitting low-loss guidance of light in a hollow core—these fibers are proving to have a multitude of important technological and scientific applications spanning many disciplines The result has been a renaissance of interest in optical fibers and their uses
3,918 citations
TL;DR: The history, fabrication, theory, numerical modeling, optical properties, guidance mechanisms, and applications of photonic-crystal fibers are reviewed.
Abstract: The history, fabrication, theory, numerical modeling, optical properties, guidance mechanisms, and applications of photonic-crystal fibers are reviewed
1,488 citations
TL;DR: In this article, different properties possible to obtain in photonic crystal fibers are reviewed and fabrication and modeling methods are also discussed, and different properties of photonic bandgap effect are discussed.
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibers are a new class of optical fibers. Their artificial crystal-like microstructure results in a number of unusual properties. They can guide light not only through a well-known total internal reflection mechanism but using also photonic bandgap effect. In this paper different properties possible to obtain in photonic crystal fibers are reviewed. Fabrication and modeling methods are also discussed.
995 citations
17 Nov 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the different types and applications of photonic crystal fibers with particular emphasis on recent advances in the field is presented, with a focus on the photonic bandgap effect.
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibers having a complex microstructure in the transverse plane constitute a new and promising class of optical fibers. Such fibers can either guide light through total internal reflection or the photonic bandgap effect, In this paper, we review the different types and applications of photonic crystal fibers with particular emphasis on recent advances in the field.
403 citations
TL;DR: This work reports on spectral broadening of 100-fs pulses in PCFs with anomalously flat CD profiles, showing how, through appropriate choice of CD, nonlinearities can be efficiently harnessed to generate laser light at new wavelengths.
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibres (PCFs) offer greatly enhanced design freedom compared to standard optical fibres. For example, they allow precise control of the chromatic dispersion (CD) profile—the frequency dependence of propagation speed—over a broad wavelength range. This permits studies of nonlinear pulse propagation in previously inaccessible parameter regimes. Here we report on spectral broadening of 100-fs pulses in PCFs with anomalously flat CD profiles. Maps of the spectral and spatio-temporal behaviour as a function of power show that dramatic conversion (to both longer and shorter wavelengths) can occur in remarkably short lengths of fibre, depending on the magnitude and shape of the CD profile. Because the PCFs used are single-mode at all wavelengths, the light always emerges in a fundamental guided mode. Excellent agreement is obtained between the experimental results and numerical solutions of the nonlinear wave equation, indicating that the underlying processes can be reliably modelled. These results show how, through appropriate choice of CD, nonlinearities can be efficiently harnessed to generate laser light at new wavelengths.
383 citations
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TL;DR: The fabrication of a new type of optical waveguide: the photonic crystal fiber that supports a single robust low-loss guided mode over a very broad spectral range of at least 458-1550 nm.
Abstract: We report the fabrication of a new type of optical waveguide: the photonic crystal fiber. It consists of a pure silica core surrounded by a silica-air photonic crystal material with a hexagonal symmetry. The fiber supports a single robust low-loss guided mode over a very broad spectral range of at least 458-1550 nm. Also see errata - http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/78010/
2,991 citations
TL;DR: An effective-index model confirms that an all-silica optical fiber made by embedding a central core in a two-dimensional photonic crystal with a micrometer-spaced hexagonal array of air holes can be single mode for any wavelength.
Abstract: We made an all-silica optical fiber by embedding a central core in a two-dimensional photonic crystal with a micrometer-spaced hexagonal array of air holes. An effective-index model confirms that such a fiber can be single mode for any wavelength. Its useful single-mode range within the transparency window of silica, although wide, is ultimately bounded by a bend-loss edge at short wavelengths as well as at long wavelengths.
2,905 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the measured group-velocity dispersion characteristics of several air-silica photonic crystal fibers with anomalous group velocity dispersion at visible and near-infrared wavelengths.
Abstract: We describe the measured group-velocity dispersion characteristics of several air-silica photonic crystal fibers with anomalous group-velocity dispersion at visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The values measured over a broad spectral range are compared to those predicted for an isolated strand of silica surrounded by air. We demonstrate a strictly single-mode fiber which has zero dispersion at a wavelength of 700 mm. These fibers are significant for the generation of solitons and supercontinua using ultrashort pulse sources.
683 citations
TL;DR: This analysis includes a thorough description of the dependence of the fiber geometrical dispersion on the structural parameters of a PCF and established a well-defined procedure to design specific predetermined dispersion profiles.
Abstract: We present a systematic study of group-velocity-dispersion properties in photonic crystal fibers (PCF’s). This analysis includes a thorough description of the dependence of the fiber geometrical dispersion on the structural parameters of a PCF. The interplay between material dispersion and geometrical dispersion allows us to established a well-defined procedure to design specific predetermined dispersion profiles. We focus on flattened, or even ultraflattened, dispersion behaviors both in the telecommunication window (around 1.55 µm) and in the Ti-Za laser wavelength range (around 0.8 µm). We show the different possibilities of obtaining normal, anomalous, and zero dispersion curves in the above frequency domains and discuss the limits for the existence of the above dispersion profiles.
359 citations
TL;DR: This procedure for achieving photonic crystal fibers with nearly zero ultraflattened group-velocity dispersion permits remarkably improved suppression of third-order dispersion, particularly in the low-dispersion domain.
Abstract: We present a procedure for achieving photonic crystal fibers with nearly zero ultraflattened group-velocity dispersion. Systematic knowledge of the special guiding properties of these fibers permits the achievement of qualitatively novel dispersion curves. Unlike the behavior of conventional fibers, this new type of dispersion behavior permits remarkably improved suppression of third-order dispersion, particularly in the low-dispersion domain.
348 citations