Dengue fever: new paradigms for a changing epidemiology.
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This paper reviews the changing epidemiology of the disease, focusing on host and societal factors and drawing on national and regional journals as well as international publications, and selected areas where the literature raises challenges to prevailing views and those that are key for improved service delivery in poor countries.Abstract:
Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne viral disease of public health significance. Compared with nine reporting countries in the 1950s, today the geographic distribution includes more than 100 countries worldwide. Many of these had not reported dengue for 20 or more years and several have no known history of the disease. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 2.5 billion people are at risk of dengue infection. First recognised in the 1950s, it has become a leading cause of child mortality in several Asian and South American countries.This paper reviews the changing epidemiology of the disease, focusing on host and societal factors and drawing on national and regional journals as well as international publications. It does not include vaccine and vector issues. We have selected areas where the literature raises challenges to prevailing views and those that are key for improved service delivery in poor countries.Shifts in modal age, rural spread, and social and biological determinants of race- and sex-related susceptibility have major implications for health services. Behavioural risk factors, individual determinants of outcome and leading indicators of severe illness are poorly understood, compromising effectiveness of control programmes. Early detection and case management practices were noted as a critical factor for survival. Inadequacy of sound statistical methods compromised conclusions on case fatality or disease-specific mortality rates, especially since the data were often based on hospitalised patients who actively sought care in tertiary centres.Well-targeted operational research, such as population-based epidemiological studies with clear operational objectives, is urgently needed to make progress in control and prevention.read more
Citations
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Dengue Virus Pathogenesis: an Integrated View
TL;DR: A personalized approach to the study of pathogenesis will elucidate the basis of individual risk for development of DHF and DSS as well as identify the genetic and environmental bases for differences in risk forDevelopment of severe disease.
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Global spread of dengue virus types: mapping the 70 year history.
Jane P. Messina,Oliver J. Brady,Thomas W. Scott,Chenting Zou,David M. Pigott,Kirsten A. Duda,Samir Bhatt,Leah C. Katzelnick,Rosalind E. Howes,Katherine E. Battle,Cameron P. Simmons,Simon I. Hay +11 more
TL;DR: The global distribution and co-circulation of each DENV type from 1943 to 2013 is mapped to show how detection of all types has expanded worldwide together with growing hyperendemicity and there remains a dearth of type-specific information in many parts of the world.
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The WHO dengue classification and case definitions: time for a reassessment.
Jacqueline L. Deen,Eva Harris,Bridget Wills,Angel Balmaseda,Samantha N. Hammond,Crisanta Rocha,Nguyen Minh Dung,Nguyen Thanh Hung,Tran Tinh Hien,Jeremy Farrar,Jeremy Farrar +10 more
TL;DR: As dengue disease spreads to different parts of the globe several investigators have reported difficulties in using the system and some have had to create new categories or new case definitions to represent the observed patterns of disease more accurately.
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Dynamic epidemiological models for dengue transmission: a systematic review of structural approaches.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identified relevant publications using PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge, focusing on mathematical deterministic models of dengue transmission and identified important characteristics for future model development.
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Physical activity and prevalence and incidence of mental disorders in adolescents and young adults
Andreas Ströhle,Michael Höfler,Hildegard Pfister,Anne-Grit Müller,Jürgen Hoyer,Hans-Ulrich Wittchen,Roselind Lieb +6 more
TL;DR: Regular physical activity is associated with a substantially reduced risk for some, but not all, mental disorders and also seems to reduce the degree of co-morbidity.
References
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David W. Vaughn,Sharone Green,Siripen Kalayanarooj,Bruce L. Innis,Suchitra Nimmannitya,Saroj Suntayakorn,Timothy P. Endy,Boonyos Raengsakulrach,Alan L. Rothman,Francis A. Ennis,Ananda Nisalak +10 more
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TL;DR: The histories of three such diseases--malaria, yellow fever, and dengue--reveal that climate has rarely been the principal determinant of their prevalence or range; human activities and their impact on local ecology have generally been much more significant.
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