Denosumab versus zoledronic acid for treatment of bone metastases in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind study
TL;DR: Denosumab was better than zoledronic acid for prevention of skeletal-related events, and potentially represents a novel treatment option in men with bone metastases from castration-resistant prostate cancer.
About: This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2011-03-05 and is currently open access. It has received 1711 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Denosumab & Zoledronic acid.
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National Health Service1, Karolinska Institutet2, University of Oslo3, University of Bergen4, Queen's University Belfast5, Curie Institute6, Umeå University7, Mount Vernon Hospital8, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust9, Cancer Research UK10, Norwegian University of Science and Technology11, Comenius University in Bratislava12, University of São Paulo13, Algeta14, Bayer Corporation15, Tulane University16
TL;DR: In this study, which was terminated for efficacy at the prespecified interim analysis, radium-223 improved overall survival and was associated with low myelosuppression rates and fewer adverse events.
Abstract: efit (median, 14.9 months vs. 11.3 months; hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.83; P<0.001). Assessments of all main secondary efficacy end points also showed a benefit of radium-233 as compared with placebo. Radium-223 was associated with low myelosuppression rates and fewer adverse events. Conclusions In this study, which was terminated for efficacy at the prespecified interim analysis, radium-223 improved overall survival. (Funded by Algeta and Bayer HealthCare Phar -
2,614 citations
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...Urinary tract infection 47 (8) 7 (1) 0 0 28 (9) 4 (1) 1 (<1) 1 (<1)...
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...Dyspnea 49 (8) 10 (2) 1 (<1) 1 (<1) 26 (9) 7 (2) 0 3 (1)...
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...Spinal cord compression 25 (4) 14 (2) 6 (1) 1 (<1) 23 (8) 16 (5) 1 (<1) 0...
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TL;DR: The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) developed guidelines for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in 2007 and 2009 as mentioned in this paper.
2,176 citations
TL;DR: A summary of the 2010 version of the EAU guidelines on the treatment of advanced, relapsing, and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) summarise the most recent findings and put them into clinical practice.
1,327 citations
TL;DR: The 2016 EAU-ESTRO-SIOG Guidelines on PCa summarise the most recent findings and advice for use in clinical practice and reflect the multidisciplinary nature of PCa management.
1,271 citations
Cites background from "Denosumab versus zoledronic acid fo..."
...The efficacy and safety of denosumab (n = 950) compared with zoledronic acid (n = 951) in patients with mCRPC was assessed in a phase 3 trial [100]....
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TL;DR: Among men with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer, ADT plus abiraterone and prednisolone was associated with significantly higher rates of overall and failure‐free survival than ADT alone.
Abstract: BackgroundAbiraterone acetate plus prednisolone improves survival in men with relapsed prostate cancer We assessed the effect of this combination in men starting long-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), using a multigroup, multistage trial design MethodsWe randomly assigned patients in a 1:1 ratio to receive ADT alone or ADT plus abiraterone acetate (1000 mg daily) and prednisolone (5 mg daily) (combination therapy) Local radiotherapy was mandated for patients with node-negative, nonmetastatic disease and encouraged for those with positive nodes For patients with nonmetastatic disease with no radiotherapy planned and for patients with metastatic disease, treatment continued until radiologic, clinical, or prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression; otherwise, treatment was to continue for 2 years or until any type of progression, whichever came first The primary outcome measure was overall survival The intermediate primary outcome was failure-free survival (treatment failure was defined as radi
1,233 citations
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...Cardiovascular disorders 41 (4) 92 (10)...
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...of patients reporting treatment after progression) 248 248 248 248 Any Docetaxel Abiraterone Enzalutamide (168) (83) (3) (5) 51 110 179 179 (21) (25) (3) (10) 21 58 122 116 (6) (5) (2) (8) 2 13 32 25 (1) (1) (0) (2) 18...
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References
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TL;DR: The American Cancer Society as mentioned in this paper estimated the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data regarding cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from National Center for Health Statistics.
Abstract: Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data regarding cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Incidence and death rates are age-standardized to the 2000 US standard million population. A total of 1,529,560 new cancer cases and 569,490 deaths from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2010. Overall cancer incidence rates decreased in the most recent time period in both men (1.3% per year from 2000 to 2006) and women (0.5% per year from 1998 to 2006), largely due to decreases in the 3 major cancer sites in men (lung, prostate, and colon and rectum [colorectum]) and 2 major cancer sites in women (breast and colorectum). This decrease occurred in all racial/ethnic groups in both men and women with the exception of American Indian/Alaska Native women, in whom rates were stable. Among men, death rates for all races combined decreased by 21.0% between 1990 and 2006, with decreases in lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer rates accounting for nearly 80% of the total decrease. Among women, overall cancer death rates between 1991 and 2006 decreased by 12.3%, with decreases in breast and colorectal cancer rates accounting for 60% of the total decrease. The reduction in the overall cancer death rates translates to the avoidance of approximately 767,000 deaths from cancer over the 16-year period. This report also examines cancer incidence, mortality, and survival by site, sex, race/ethnicity, geographic area, and calendar year. Although progress has been made in reducing incidence and mortality rates and improving survival, cancer still accounts for more deaths than heart disease in persons younger than 85 years. Further progress can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population and by supporting new discoveries in cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin 2010;60:277-300. © 2010 American Cancer Society, Inc.
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TL;DR: Discovery of the RANK signalling pathway in the osteoclast has provided insight into the mechanisms of osteoporosis and activation of bone resorption, and how hormonal signals impact bone structure and mass.
Abstract: Osteoclasts are specialized cells derived from the monocyte/macrophage haematopoietic lineage that develop and adhere to bone matrix, then secrete acid and lytic enzymes that degrade it in a specialized, extracellular compartment. Discovery of the RANK signalling pathway in the osteoclast has provided insight into the mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis and activation of bone resorption, and how hormonal signals impact bone structure and mass. Further study of this pathway is providing the molecular basis for developing therapeutics to treat osteoporosis and other diseases of bone loss.
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TL;DR: The total number of new cases of cancer in Europe appears to have increased by 300,000 since 2004 and the ageing of the European population will cause these numbers to continue to increase even if age-specific rates remain constant.
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Abstract: The Cox regression model for censored survival data specifies that covariates have a proportional effect on the hazard function of the life-time distribution of an individual. In this paper we discuss how this model can be extended to a model where covariate processes have a proportional effect on the intensity process of a multivariate counting process. This permits a statistical regression analysis of the intensity of a recurrent event allowing for complicated censoring patterns and time dependent covariates. Furthermore, this formulation gives rise to proofs with very simple structure using martingale techniques for the asymptotic properties of the estimators from such a model. Finally an example of a statistical analysis is included.
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