Dependency and Imperialism: The Roots of Latin American Underdevelopment:
01 May 1970-Politics & Society (Sage PublicationsSage CA: Thousand Oaks, CA)-Vol. 1, Iss: 3, pp 327-357
TL;DR: The failure of the Alliance for Progress as an effective instrument for bringing about fundamental change must certainly represent the high-water mark of American innocence abroad as mentioned in this paper, and the failure of that experiment must be acknowledged.
Abstract: governments in Latin America, wherever necessary, would undertake fundamental land and tax reforms with a helping hand from the United States. Seven years later, the failure of that experiment must be acknowledged.... The faith we placed in the Alliance for Progress as an effective instrument for bringing about fundamental change must certainly represent the high-water mark of American innocence abroad.1 1
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: In spite of its pervasiveness and the massive popularity it has garnered over the years, sustainable development has become a popular catchphrase in contemporary development discourse as mentioned in this paper, however, it has not yet achieved sustainable development.
Abstract: Sustainable development (SD) has become a popular catchphrase in contemporary development discourse. However, in spite of its pervasiveness and the massive popularity it has garnered over the years...
566 citations
Cites background from "Dependency and Imperialism: The Roo..."
...(Bodenheimer, 1970; Reyes, 2001) The World System Theory has been criticised for overemphasising the world market while neglecting forces and relations of production....
[...]
...…debunks the tenets of the Modernization Theory and asserts that industrialization in the developed countries rather subjects poor countries to underdevelopment as a result of the economic surplus of the poor countries being exploited by developed countries (Bodenheimer, 1970; Webster, 1984)....
[...]
TL;DR: This paper argued that dependence is dead; long live dependence and the class struggle and pointed out the limitations of dependence in the context of a world system in which the political units are not co-extensive with the boundaries of the market economy.
Abstract: “Dependence” has become the latest euphemism in a long list of such terms. No doubt its original intent was critical. The term itself emerged out of the “structuralist” theories of Latin American scholars and was meant as a rebuttal to “developmentalist” or “modernization“ theories and “monetarist” policy views. Andre Gunder Frank has traced its intellectual origins and its limitations in a recent combative paper entitled “Dependence is dead; long live dependence and the class struggle.” We live in a capitalist world economy, one that took definitive shape as a European world economy in the sixteenth century (see Wallerstein 1974) and came to include the whole world geographically in the ninteenth century. Capitalism as a system of production for sale in a market for profit and appropriation of this profit on the basis of individual or collective ownership has only existed in, and can be said to require, a world system in which the political units are not co-extensive with the boundaries of the market economy. This has permitted sellers to profit from strengths in the market whenever they exist but enabled them simultaneously to seek, whenever needed, the intrusion of political entities to distort the market in their favor. Far from being a system of free competition of all sellers, it is a system in which competition becomes relatively free only when the economic advantage of upper strata is so clear-cut that the unconstrained operation of the market serves effectively to reinforce the existing system of stratification.
177 citations
TL;DR: Chilcote as discussed by the authors identified the major tendencies in the dependency literature and introduced the reader to the major works and issues on the subject, and presented a synthesis of dependency literature.
Abstract: The following synthesis attempts to identify the major tendencies in the dependency literature and to introduce the reader to the major works and issues on the subject. Ronald Chilcote is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Riverside.
115 citations
Book•
04 Jul 2017
TL;DR: The Political Economy of the Investment Treaty Regime synthesises and advances the growing literature on this subject by integrating legal, economic, and political perspectives as mentioned in this paper based on an analysis of the substantive and procedural rights conferred by investment treaties.
Abstract: Investment treaties are some of the most controversial but least understood instruments of global economic governance. Public interest in international investment arbitration is growing and some developed and developing countries are beginning to revisit their investment treaty policies. The Political Economy of the Investment Treaty Regime synthesises and advances the growing literature on this subject by integrating legal, economic, and political perspectives. Based on an analysis of the substantive and procedural rights conferred by investment treaties, it asks four basic questions. What are the costs and benefits of investment treaties for investors, states, and other stakeholders? Why did developed and developing countries sign the treaties? Why should private arbitrators be allowed to review public regulations passed by states? And what is the relationship between the investment treaty regime and the broader regime complex that governs international investment? Through a concise, but comprehensive, analysis, this book fills in some of the many "blind spots" of academics from different disciplines, and is the first port of call for lawyers, investors, policy-makers, and stakeholders trying to make sense of these critical instruments governing investor-state relations.
115 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined the relationship between foreign investment and growth within the Third World and found that flows of foreign investment may facilitate growth, especially among the initially wealthier countries of the third world, where the lowest growth rates are found among the poorest countries and the highest growth rates not in the industrialized West, but in the wealthiest Third World countries.
Abstract: Estimates of the extent to which Third World countries have experienced slower rates of growth than those in the industrialized West since i960 indicate a weak relation between initial wealth and subsequent economic growth that follows an inverted U-shape pattern: while the lowest growth rates are found among the poorest countries of the Third World, the highest growth rates are found not in the industrialized West, but in the wealthiest Third World countries. Drawing on contending arguments associated with modernization and dependency perspectives, the relationship between foreign investment and growth within the Third World is examined. Results undermine the idea that foreign investment inhibits growth, suggesting instead that flows of foreign investment may facilitate growth, especially among the initially wealthier countries of the Third World.
91 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: Three interrelated views on economic imperialism and United States foreign policy prevail today: (1) economic imperialism is not at the root of United States Foreign Policy; (2) political aims and national security are the prime motivators of foreign policy; and (3) Economic imperialism cannot be the main element in foreign policy determination, since United Statesforeign trade and foreign investment make such relatively small contributions to the nation's overall economic performance.
Abstract: Three interrelated views on economic imperialism and United States foreign policy prevail today: (1) Economic imperialism is not at the root of United States foreign policy. Instead, political aims and national security are the prime motivators of foreign policy. (2) Economic imperialism cannot be the main element in foreign policy determination, since United States foreign trade and foreign investment make such relatively small contributions to the nation's overall economic performance.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
6 citations