Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders
About: This article is published in Journal of Investigative Dermatology.The article was published on 1977-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 266 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Dermatoglyphics.
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TL;DR: The evidence for human sex-typed behavior is influenced by sex hormones that are present during prenatal development is reviewed, and suggestions for interpreting and conducting studies of the behavioral effects of prenatal hormones are suggested.
520 citations
Cites background from "Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorder..."
...regarding the role of homeobox genes in development of urogenital system and digits (as described above), the common endoderm derivatives of skin and nervous system [266], and the role of testosterone in stimulating production of epidermal and nerve growth factors [267,268], have led to the suggestion that dermatoglyphics can serve as a window into prenatal development....
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...[266] Schaumann B, Alter M....
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TL;DR: The usage of dermatoglyphic traits as markers of predisposition of pituitary tumor development could facilitate the earlier detection of patients in addition to standard methods, and possibly earlier treatment and higher survival rate.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess environmental and hereditary influence on development of pituitary tumors using dermatoglyphic traits. The study was performed on 126 patients of both genders with pituitary tumors (60 non-functional and 66 functional pituitary tumor patients) in comparison to the control group of 400 phenotypically healthy individuals. Statistical analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits of digito-palmar dermatoglyphics was performed, and hormonal status was determined according to the standard protocols. Although we did not find markers that could specifically distinguish functional from non-functional tumors, we have found markers predisposing to the development of tumors in general (a small number of ridges between triradius of both hands, a smaller number of ridges between the triradius of c–d rc R), those for endocrine dysfunction (increased number of arches and reduced number of whorls, difference of pattern distribution in the I3 and I4 interdigital space), and some that could potentially be attributed to patients suffering from pituitary tumors (small number of ridges for variables FRR 5, smaller number of ridges in the FRL 4 of both hands and difference of pattern distribution at thenar of I1 and I2 interdigital space). The usage of dermatoglyphic traits as markers of predisposition of pituitary tumor development could facilitate the earlier detection of patients in addition to standard methods, and possibly earlier treatment and higher survival rate. Finally, our results are consistent with the hypothesis about multifactorial nature of pituitary tumor etiology comprised of both gene instability and environmental factors.
185 citations
Cites background from "Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorder..."
...Therefore, studying dermatoglyphics contributes to our better understanding of genetic status and early intrauterine development, which makes them applicable in biomedical sciences [10]....
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...It is also considered that the qualitative properties in some cases are monogenetically determined (I2), but the influence of gender-related genes should not be ignored, since it could explain the gender difference in the number of ridges and in the size of the ATD angle [9,10]....
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...Quantitative traits show the basic structure of a specific population and are inherited by a polygenic model, but they are less susceptible to change, genetic drift, and microevolutionary effects [9,10]....
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134 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: An understanding of the prenatal morphogenesis of dermatoglyphic traits is fundamental to the interpretation of their variation and their relationship to birth defects, and a background in the normal developmental chronology of prenatal hand is required.
Abstract: The configurations of epidermal ridges that comprise dermatoglyphic traits are, in many respects, a history of the developmental period during which the ridges form. In 1892 Sir Francis Galton [l] demonstrated that epidermal ridge configurations did not change throughout postnatal life. The fact that ridge configurations were not affected by environment or by age has been an important framework in genetic studies. In 1936, Cummins [2] reported the association of unusual dermatoglyphics with Down syndrome. Confirmation of his findings [3_ 51 demonstrated the potential value of dermatoglyphics in clinical medicine. While not diagnostic alone, dermatoglyphics have been a valuable aid when clinical diagnosis was in doubt. Unusual dermatoglyphics now have been associated with congenital defects of both genetic and environmental origin [6]. Schaumann and Johnson [7] have noted that dermatoglyphics associated with congenital defects are significant markers of prenatal events. Yet, at present little is known about the atypical developmental processes that have produced these associations. The precise configuration of epidermal ridges and minutiae is determined at a very early embryonic age, around 10 weeks postfertilization. Accordingly, an understanding of the prenatal morphogenesis of dermatoglyphic traits is fundamental to our interpretation of their variation and their relationship to birth defects. The developmental history of dermatoglyphic traits requires first a background in the normal developmental chronology of prenatal hand. Second, it includes an understanding’of the development of epidermal ridges, the basic building blocks of dermatoglyphic traits, and factors that may influence ridge configuration. The developmental basis of dermatoglyphic traits is fundamental to a better understanding of their variation and relationship to congenital defects.
132 citations
Cites background from "Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorder..."
...Unusual dermatoglyphics now have been associated with congenital defects of both genetic and environmental origin [6]....
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...Both of these abnormalities have atypical dermatoglyphic traits associated with them [6]....
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TL;DR: The assumption that schizotypal personality disorder is associated with perturbations in fetal neurodevelopment and, under some circumstances, a heightened cortisol response is supported.
Abstract: Objective: A relationship between schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia has been documented in behavioral genetic studies, and there are similarities in the cognitive deficits and brain abnormalities associated with these disorders. Adolescents with schizotypal personality disorder are of particular interest because the postpubertal period is a critical one for the development of a DSM axis I disorder. It is likely that some schizotypal adolescents will remain stable over time, some will improve, and a subgroup will develop schizophrenia. This study tested the hypotheses that, like schizophrenic patients, schizotypal adolescents manifest an elevated rate of minor physical and dermatoglyphic anomalies, both of which suggest prenatal neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Cortisol release is also of interest because of evidence that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis may influence the behavioral expression of vulnerability to schizophrenia. Method: Minor physical anomalies, dermatoglyphic asymmetries, and salivary cortisol levels were measured in three groups of adolescents: 20 with schizotypal personality disorder, 20 with other personality disorders, and 26 with no disorder. Assessments began at noon, and four saliva samples were obtained at hourly intervals. Results: The schizotypal personality disorder group showed more minor physical anomalies and dermatoglyphic asymmetries than the normal comparison group and higher cortisol levels than both of the other groups. Group differences in cortisol level were most pronounced at the beginning of the evaluation. Cortisol level and age were positively correlated. Conclusions: The findings support the assumption that schizotypal personality disorder is associated with perturbations in fetal neurodevelopment and, under some circumstances, a heightened cortisol response.
130 citations