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Journal ArticleDOI

Design analysis of impressed current cathodic protection (iccp) system for underwater structure of indonesian warship (kri)

31 Jan 2020-Vol. 11, Iss: 1, pp 134-143
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of Impressed CurrentCathodic Protection (ICCP) design of the underwater structure of KRI using computative theory calculation andspecimen test is presented.
Abstract: In carrying out these basic tasks the Navy relies heavily on the readiness of the Indonesian Warship (KRI),including the readiness of underwater construction in KRI from corrosion attack on sea water. Nowadays, KRIuses Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection (SACP) from corrosion attack. Whereas, SACP system has someweakness, such as the lifetime protection is short. The aim of this paper is to the analysis of Impressed CurrentCathodic Protection (ICCP) design of the underwater structure of KRI using computative theory calculation andspecimen test. The results of ICCP design showed that the specimens I required 0.081 Ampere (A) forprotection current, specimen 2 required 0.010 A for protection current, specimens 3 required 0.00251 A. Withpotential protection between -800 mV up to -1100 mV, it described that the ICCP system is reasonable. Theresult of cathodic protection design towards an underwater structure of KRI (TR-40 Type) showed that 1.75 forAmpere (A) and 3.35 volt DC for voltage. The benefit of this paper is a reference standard in the planning of theICCP design at KRI.Keywords: Corrosion, Underwater Structure of Warship, Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP).

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evaluated deep water CP wells at different locations of Golestan province, Iran, were taken into consideration to evaluate the impact of these protective systems on underground waters from viewpoint of chemical and physicochemical characteristics resulted from anode dissolution.
Abstract: Despite well-known corrosion inhibition behavior of cathodic protection (CP) system, this process might be a potential hazard to surrounding ecosystem resulted mostly from continuous electrical current which is applied to the adjacent environment and metallic anode dissolution as well. In this research, deepwater CP wells at different locations of Golestan province, Iran, were taken into consideration to evaluate the impact of these protective systems on underground waters from viewpoint of chemical and physicochemical characteristics resulted from anode dissolution. For this purpose, concentration of metallic constituents of the anode as well as the amount of pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), and total hardness were determined. On the basis of obtained results, the concentration of Mn, Cr, and Fe in CP well located nearby an industrial district (i.e., 0.087, 0.475, and 8.5 mg/L, respectively) was higher than both WHO and USEPA standards. This fact can be resulted from the position where the well was dug as well as the CP anode dissolution within the deep CP water wells. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The impact of impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system on chemical and physicochemical characteristics of underground water has been evaluated. Anode dissolution of ICCP systems influences the water characteristics nearby the anodes. Despite low dissolution rate of high silicon cast iron anodes, their long-term utilization might be harmful for adjacent ecosystem. The amount of heavy metals in underground waters was demonstrated to be influenced by the employment of ICCP system. Both anode dissolution and the geological properties of the Earth`s crust surrounding the wellbore might be responsible for significant increase of heavy metals concentration.

4 citations

01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the results of a study of the effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in preventing the set of pitting corrosion in chloride contaminated concrete using zinc overlay and a conductive coating in cathodically protected chloride contaminated slabs.
Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in preventing the onset of pitting corrosion in chloride contaminated concrete using zinc overlay and a conductive coating in cathodically protected chloride contaminated slabs. Experimental tests were carried out on reinforced concrete slabs with steel embedded both in chloride free concrete and chloride contaminated concrete in order to compare the effects of sacrificial anodes on passive steel and on corroding steel. Results have shown, that sacrificial anodes may be more effective in preventing corrosion initiation (i.e. in providing cathodic prevention) than in controlling ongoing pitting corrosion (i.e. in guaranteeing cathodic protection). Monitoring criteria for this type of prevention are also discussed.

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a low power wide area network (LPWAN) communication system was used for cathodic protection online monitoring in underground pipe structures with a radio frequency of 433 MHz.
Abstract: Cathodic protection is a corrosion control and prevention system that is applied to underground pipe structures by providing an electric charge to the structure to be protected. An online monitoring system for cathodic protection is urgently needed to save costs and ensure operator safety in the field in the care of the protected structure. This study aimed to evaluate cathodic protection online monitoring using a low power wide area network (LPWAN) communication system. Cathodic protection online monitoring in this study was applied using LPWAN with a radio frequency of 433 MHz. In this work, the type of communication with wireless technology has been chosen with low power consumption and can accommodate the distance between test stations in the distribution pipeline. From the results of testing the cathodic protection online monitoring system, it can be seen that measurement data that has been done manually can be replaced in real-time and monitored remotely. This system is highly recommended for areas that have so far not been covered by manual measurements, for example, remote areas prone to flooding, swamps, and interference areas that require denser data information to make handling easier to do early.
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors presented a proposed design and investigation of an impressed current and Single-Ended Primary Inductive Converter (SEPIC) converter based on an artificial neural network to assess the potential difference required to control cathodic protection system.
Abstract: This paper presents a proposed design and investigation of an impressed current and Single-Ended Primary Inductive Converter (SEPIC) converter based on an artificial neural network to assess the potential difference required to control cathodic protection system. The cathodic protection methods proved their effectiveness in the metallic equipment protection in the industrial applications that contain liquids and that are buried in electrolyte mediums against the electrochemical corrosion process, where D.C power supply plays an important role in the cathodic protection system. The proposed design consists of an intelligent d.c power supply and a group of anodes. This model has been adjusted to be able to equalize the normal voltage difference between the surrounding medium and the metal part being protected. The proposed design has been tested and investigated the cooling water carrying pipeline of AL-Quds electrical power station as a part of the unified Iraqi power network. The protection voltages and currents were calculated with a permissible tolerance based on; the pipeline characteristics, its coating, and the buried soil along the pipeline length to ensure better performance of protection. The obtained experimental and simulation results showed high effectiveness and accuracy by maintains the negative potential of the pipeline within the permissible and standard limits of the Iron metal of the pipeline.
References
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Book
01 Jan 2002

48 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of different sizes of zinc, and aluminium galvanic anodes on the cathodic protection of mild steel in seawater and 0.2 M sulphuric acid was evaluated at ambient temperature.
Abstract: The performance of different sizes of zinc, and aluminium galvanic anodes on the cathodic protection of mild steel in seawater and 0.2 M sulphuric acid was evaluated at ambient temperature. The magnitude of corrosion protection by the galvanic anodes was observed by weight loss method,corrosion rate calculation and potential measurement technique. It was observed that the aluminium anodes proved more effective as sacrificial anode for mild steel in seawater environment. In sulphuric acid environment, the zinc anode gave a more protective performance than aluminium anode. Potential measurement results obtained were found to correspond with the results obtained from weight loss method. For both environments, the effects of a varying cross-sectional area and the anode material on the cathodic protection of mild steel were examined

14 citations


"Design analysis of impressed curren..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Impressed Current Cathodic Protection used for larger material structures, because of that the galvanic anode can provide current for complete protection (Loto & Popoola, 2011)....

    [...]

01 Jan 2005

12 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...To support the research, this paper had many literatures, such as the Effectiveness of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Systems in Concrete following Current Interruption (Bhuiyan, 2015)....

    [...]

  • ...System Identification Modelling and IMC Basic Control of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Systems....

    [...]

  • ...The Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System....

    [...]

  • ...A Combine Design Methodology for Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System....

    [...]

  • ...The Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System (Kakuba, 2005)....

    [...]

01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the results of a study of the effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in preventing the onset of pitting corrosion in chloride contaminated concrete using zinc overlay and a conductive coating in cathodically protected chloride contaminated slabs were presented.
Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in preventing the onset of pitting corrosion in chloride contaminated concrete using zinc overlay and a conductive coating in cathodically protected chloride contaminated slabs. Experimental tests were carried out on reinforced concrete slabs with steel embedded both in chloride free concrete and chloride contaminated concrete in order to compare the effects of sacrificial anodes on passive steel and on corroding steel. Results have shown, that sacrificial anodes may be more effective in preventing corrosion initiation (i.e. in providing cathodic prevention) than in controlling ongoing pitting corrosion (i.e. in guaranteeing cathodic protection). Monitoring criteria for this type of prevention are also discussed.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of various surface treatment techniques such as grinding, garnet blasting, and shot peening on the corrosion rate and behavior of austenite stainless steel of type AISI 316 Ti were investigated using immersion tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy together with opticalscanning electron microscopy.
Abstract: The current paper investigates effects of various surface treatment techniques suchas grinding, garnet blasting, and shot peening on the corrosion rate and behaviorof austenite stainless steel of type AISI 316 Ti. The exposure to different corrosivesolutions usually accompanying the coastal and industrial environments (sodiumchloride and ferric chloride), as well as a combination of the two was considered. Thecorrosion behavior of AISI 316 Ti under these test conditions was investigated usingimmersion tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy together with opticalscanning electron microscopy, in order to observe and to assess the changes in thesurface configuration and topography such the shapes, distribution, and dimensionsof the resulting pits. The presented results clearly show the relatively higher corrosiveeffect of ferric chloride, and the increased corrosion rate under greater surfaceroughness values, which imply greater real surface area and capillarity effects.

9 citations