Design and Analysis of Electrical Drives Using Active Front End Converter
20 Apr 2018-pp 115-119
TL;DR: A MATLAB Simulink model is shown which analyses the performance of a VFD and its control using AFE based variable frequency drive for induction motor used for crane drives in mining operations.
Abstract: Variable frequency drives are widely used nowadays mainly because of their efficiency and reliability characteristics. Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor active front end converters are frequently used because they offer a number of advantages such as bidirectional power flow, filter size is small, unity power factor and reduced harmonic distortion. IGBTs have unique attributes which allow VFD to actively control the power input, making it tolerant of supply side disturbances. This paper shows a MATLAB Simulink model which analyses the performance of a VFD and its control using AFE based variable frequency drive for induction motor used for crane drives in mining operations.
Citations
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01 Sep 2019
TL;DR: In this article, a frequency-fixed DSOGI-PLL is proposed to calculate the phase angle and the symmetrical components of the supplying voltage with high damping of harmonics which are inherent in it.
Abstract: To synchronize grid-connected voltage source inverters with the grid, the knowledge about the phase angle of the fundamental, positive sequence of the supplying voltage is necessary. For additional compensation tasks, the knowledge about all symmetrical components is needed as well. A DSOGI-PLL (dual second order generalized integrator - phase locked loop) provides a method to determine the phase angle in a notable manner. Because of a co-dependency between the DSOGI and the PLL through its estimated frequency, the speed of the PI controller is limited. A solution is to set a fixed value as tuning frequency with recalculation of the resulting errors. This paper offers a method based on a frequency-fixed DSOGI-PLL to calculate the phase angle and the symmetrical components of the supplying voltage with high damping of harmonics which are inherent in it, in a fast and stable way.
5 citations
01 Oct 2019
TL;DR: The results show that power sources, such as ideal DC power source, battery and induction motor in the slip power recovery mode, have almost similar power quality characteristics.
Abstract: The article presents the comparative analysis of influence of different power sources connected to an active front end on processes in the supply grid of limited capacity. The mathematical model of an active front end control system for cases with different power sources (generators) is developed and analyzed. The algorithms of forming generic control system of active front end are described and analyzed. The results show that power sources, such as ideal DC power source, battery and induction motor in the slip power recovery mode, have almost similar power quality characteristics It allows using simpler methods of power supply system analysis in case of presence of additional power sources based on active front end.
4 citations
04 Oct 2020
TL;DR: Four arms active front-end mathematical model is developed for analysis and control system development, featuring phase-coordinates usage and taking into account multiple peculiarities of this converter.
Abstract: Neutral wire is used in multiple active front-end application. Some of these applications are single phase loads and maintaining system stability in case of emerging unsymmetrical components, which can lead to malfunction and device failure. In such cases neutral wire potential can be middle point of DC-link, what leads to capacitor separation, but also can be implemented as additional arm, leading to full DC-link voltage utilization and additional control channel for zero symmetrical component in case of unsymmetrical load. In order to perform control system synthesis for such a complicated object, knowledge of its complex mathematical model is required. Four arms active front-end mathematical model is developed for analysis and control system development, featuring phase-coordinates usage and taking into account multiple peculiarities of this converter. Diagrams of main voltages and currents components are derived from model research.
3 citations
Cites methods from "Design and Analysis of Electrical D..."
...Taking into account aforementioned concepts and high commutation frequency of IGBT transistors in switch mode, following control object equations can be written down in matrix form: The mathematical model AFE is described by formulas [3-23] and shown in figure 4....
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the power supply system of a gas cooling unit with variable-frequency electric drives for fans, and the simulation results confirmed that the proposed substation topology provided the voltage and current harmonics level on the substation power busbars in accordance with the IEEE Standard 519-2014 requirements over the entire frequency range of the fans' motor control.
Abstract: The technological installations’ characteristics are possible to improve by equipping fans with a frequency-controlled electric drive. However, it can lead to an electromagnetic compatibility problem in the electrical supply system. This problem becomes worse if a large number of fans are included in the technological installation and the electric drives are powered from a substation connected to a limited power source. As an example, in this article we investigate the power supply system of a gas cooling unit with variable-frequency electric drives for fans. The electric drives’ operating mode dependences characterizing the non-sinusoidal voltages and currents of the power source are obtained with the help of simulation modeling in the MATLAB environment with the Simulink expansion package. The typical substation circuit usage for the power supply of a group of fans with a frequency-controlled drive does not meet the requirements of IEEE Standard 519-2014. We can solve the problem of electromagnetic compatibility by changing the substation topology and organizing DC busbars and replacing frequency converters with inverters. We proposed forming DC busbars using 12-pulse rectifiers powered by transformers with two secondary windings with different connection schemes. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed substation topology provides the voltage and current harmonics level on the substation power busbars in accordance with the IEEE Standard 519-2014 requirements over the entire frequency range of the fans’ motor control.
1 citations
23 Sep 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the experimental results of voltage quality in 34.5 kV distribution networks of metallurgical plant “MMK Metalurji” have been analyzed and measures for electromagnetic compatibility improvement of frequency converters with active rectifiers of electric drives in hot strip mill 1750 with supply mains have been proposed.
Abstract: Medium voltage distribution networks of 6 - 35 kV are used in in-plant power supply systems in steel mills. As a mutual influence result of the capacitances of long cable lines and the inductances of step-down transformers, resonance phenomena can occur in the medium frequency range. If the high-frequency harmonics generated by frequency converters with active rectifiers fall into the resonant range, this can lead to disturbances in the plant’s internal distribution network. Such phenomena can cause long downtime of technological equipment and product defects. This entails significant economic losses, especially in the production of high value-added products. This paper reflects the experimental research results of voltage quality in 34.5 kV distribution networks of metallurgical plant “MMK Metalurji”. Measures for electromagnetic compatibility improvement of frequency converters with active rectifiers of electric drives in hot strip mill 1750 with supply mains are proposed.
1 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: Electrical Drives-An Introduction.
Abstract: Electrical Drives-An Introduction. Dynamics of Electrical Drives. Control of Electrical Drives. Selection of Motor Power Rating. DC Motor Drives. Induction Motor Drives. Synchronous Motor and Brushless dc Motor Drives. Stepper Motor and Switched Reluctance Motor Drives. Solar and Battery Powered Drives. Traction Drives. Energy Conservation in Electrical Drives. Electrical Drive Systems and Components. Bibliography and References. Answers to Numerical Problems.
146 citations
"Design and Analysis of Electrical D..." refers background in this paper
...Fractional Horse Power type of motors are only found in single-phase and poly-phase (three-phase) [9]....
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the power loss and efficiency of SiC-based variable frequency drives (VFDs) with a standard Si insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) VFD operating at a carrier frequency of 8 kHz with no output filter.
Abstract: SiC devices are gaining acceptance in the motor drive industry. This paper compares the power loss and efficiency between two options that can be used with SiC-based variablefrequency drives (VFDs). In the first option, the SiC VFD is equipped with an output sine-wave filter with carrier frequency at 50 kHz. A $dv/dt$ filter is used for the second option with the carrier frequency reduced to 8 kHz. Both options are compared with a standard Si insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) VFD operating at a carrier frequency of 8 kHz with no output filter. The focus of this paper is to present different filtering options for SiC VFDs. The $dv/dt$ filter is designed to meet the same specification as that of the standard Si IGBT VFD with no output filter, so as to present a fair comparison between a standard Si IGBT VFD and the next-generation SiC VFD. Results using a 460-V 11-kW system show that the SiC VFD with an output sine-wave filter has a lower efficiency compared with SiC VFD with a $dv/dt$ filter. Influence of the various filtering options on leakage current in the motor drive system has also been studied, and the results are presented in this paper.
116 citations
09 Dec 2014
TL;DR: This book examines the classical control system strategies, such as PID control, feed-forward control and cascade control, which are widely used in current practice, and contains sections on closed-loop performance analysis in both frequency domain and time domain.
109 citations
"Design and Analysis of Electrical D..." refers methods in this paper
...Triangular carrier wave is compared with reference sine waves U, V and W with 120 degrees displacement [8]....
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Book•
17 Dec 2014
TL;DR: PID and predictive control of electric drives and power supplies using MATLAB/Simulink has been discussed in this article, where the authors share their experiences in actual design and implementation of the control systems on laboratory testbeds, taking the reader from the fundamentals through to more sophisticated design and analysis.
Abstract: PID and Predictive Control of Electric Drives and Power Supplies using MATLAB/Simulink examines the classical control system strategies, such as PID control, feed-forward control and cascade control, which are widely used in current practice. The authors share their experiences in actual design and implementation of the control systems on laboratory test-beds, taking the reader from the fundamentals through to more sophisticated design and analysis. The book contains sections on closed-loop performance analysis in both frequency domain and time domain, presented to help the designer in selection of controller parameters and validation of the control system. Continuous-time model predictive control systems are designed for the drives and power supplies, and operational constraints are imposed in the design. Discretetime model predictive control systems are designed based on the discretization of the physical models, which will appeal to readers who are more familiar with sampled-data control system. Soft sensors and observers will be discussed for low cost implementation. Resonant control of the electric drives and power supply will be discussed to deal with the problems of bias in sensors and unbalanced three phase AC currents.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new electronically isolated 12-pulse autotransformer topology that does not need bulky external magnetic components is proposed, which employs active switches to achieve electronic isolation between the two rectifiers, resulting in continuous input current with reduced harmonics.
Abstract: Diode rectifier front-ends with large dc bus capacitors used in variable-frequency drives draw discontinuous current from the power system, resulting in a poor input power factor and high input current distortion. The 12-pulse and 18-pulse techniques used to reduce input current harmonics are popular because of their simplicity but are bulky and expensive. Autotransformer techniques require additional external magnetic components that are bulky and add to the cost of the system. A new electronically isolated 12-pulse autotransformer topology that does not need bulky external magnetic components is proposed in this paper. The proposed topology employs active switches to achieve electronic isolation between the two rectifiers, resulting in continuous input current with reduced harmonics. The proposed nonregenerative active scheme achieves less than 5% total harmonic distortion at a much lower cost compared with other passive or active topologies currently in the market. Experimental results from a 240-V 75-hp system are given to prove the concept.
33 citations