Design and development of a low cost solar energy system for the rural area
01 Dec 2013-pp 31-35
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple and cost-effective solar system for the rural areas where grid electricity is not available was developed, where a 5-Watt PV (photovoltaic) stand-alone solar module was used as solar power source and a common type lead acid battery (12V, 7AH) applied for backup system.
Abstract: Currently, solar energy has turned into a popular alternative energy source to meet certain demands around the world due to the instability of oil and coal prices with global warming issues. The aim of this paper is to develop of a simple and cost-effective solar system for the rural areas where grid electricity is not available. To fulfil this objective, a 5-Watt PV (photovoltaic) stand-alone solar module was used as solar power source and a common type lead acid battery (12V, 7AH) applied for backup system. The solar panel was connected to the battery via a charge controller which was responsible to pass the correct voltage for charging the battery and also, ensure that the battery was not overcharged. In addition, the system was designed for 22W AC and 12W DC loads. An inverter was designed for the AC loads which could convert the fixed DC voltage from battery to an AC output voltage. Finally, the entire system was tested successfully and cost evaluation also presented in the paper. This developed system will be effective for the poor people in the rural area those are deprived from the electricity as well as the conventional fuels being saved.
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01 Oct 2016
TL;DR: The technical design, development and implementation of an energy kiosk in Chalokwa, located in southern Zambia is described, which was outfitted with a data logger which makes it possible to close the design loop and validate the assumptions made in the design process.
Abstract: Rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa are frequently afflicted by energy poverty; as it is typically cost-prohibitive to extend the electricity grid to these locations, off-grid energy kiosks provide a locally sourced alternative for the community. This paper describes the technical design, development and implementation of an energy kiosk in Chalokwa, located in southern Zambia. Predicted load profiles are estimated based on experience from previous projects and are refined for the specific requirements of the Chalokwa community. Computer simulations are performed using publicly available software to size the photovoltaic panels, system batteries, and electronic components in such a way that the kiosk may function reliably in a range of operating conditions. The energy kiosk was installed and commissioned in June of 2016, and was outfitted with a data logger which measures system voltages and temperatures; this makes it possible to close the design loop and validate the assumptions made in the design process. The process outlined in this paper is presented in such a way that it may be used as a template for the technical design of future energy kiosks.
6 citations
Cites background from "Design and development of a low cos..."
...There is an abundance of literature detailing the bespoke design of off-grid systems, including energy kiosks [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, a novel Inverter purely made of power electronic devices and controlled by using Aurdino micro controller is proposed which had eliminated the need of huge capacitors at the output with no compromise in efficiency.
Abstract: Inverters of a Photovoltaic based system always demand huge capacitor at the output for producing the pure Sine wave which is often costly and occupies more space. In this paper a novel Inverter purely made of power electronic devices and controlled by using Aurdino micro controller is proposed which had eliminated the need of huge capacitors at the output with no compromise in efficiency. An attempt has also been made to automate the cooling system and conserve the energy. Simulations were done in Proteus ISIS software and tested practically in the Laboratory.
3 citations
TL;DR: A prospective study of generating an electrical energy that is converted by utilizing natural resources from the sky by implementing a hybrid solar-rainwater harvesting system is presented.
Abstract: Living in the 21st century, electricity has become a need in every society level. However, numbers of the remote area, especially in third world countries still facing difficulty to reach a grid-connected electricity due to various reasons. As such, this paper presents a prospective study of generating an electrical energy that is converted by utilizing natural resources from the sky. It is realized by implementing a hybrid solar-rainwater harvesting system. Combination of 12Vdc 3Watt solar cells and 3.7 Vdc 129mW pico-hydro implemented in the work has given a great yield reaching average 921 milliwatts of energy produced by the natural resources.
2 citations
Cites background from "Design and development of a low cos..."
...Recent studies reveal there are various works have been done to generate an electricity from the natural resources and agricultural waste [2-18]....
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31 Dec 2017
TL;DR: This project presents the development of Photovoltaic (PV) push-pull inverter for alternating current (AC) application and the efficiency of ideal system that obtains from software simulation is 94.9% while for the hardware prototype is nearly to 95%.
Abstract: This project presents the development of Photovoltaic (PV) push-pull inverter for alternating current (AC) application. There are two main systems in this project which is the PV system and the inverter system. The photovoltaic system consists of the PV panel which is used to seep sunshine to recharge the battery and the solar charger controller circuit that prevent battery from surpluses voltage is connected between solar PV and battery. While the push-pull inverter play a pivotal role in switching from direct current (DC) voltage to AC voltage for the inverter system. Then the AC voltage rose to 230 V by using transformer. The push-pull inverter switching is controlled by a multi-vibrator driver circuit. This project used two light emitting diode (LED) light bulb as an AC load and Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFETs) as the power switches. This project had been analysed through software and hardware prototype for comparison purposed. The efficiency of ideal system that obtains from software simulation is 94.9% while for the hardware prototype is nearly to 95%. While the total harmonic distortion (THD) for both voltage and current is 48.32% from software simulation and 47.9% from hardware prototype analysis. The results have been found in good agreement with the analysis presented in this paper.
1 citations
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the main power grid is used as a backup in case of insufficient charge in the battery and the brightness of the street lights is kept at a dim state and the system increases the brightness in the presence of an object and they go to a default state after a certain delay.
Abstract: Solar lamp is a lighting system which generally consists of solar panels to gather energy, rechargeable battery to store the charge, LEDs or halogen lamps to provide illumination. Solar controlled lamps produce no pollution unlike traditional sources of light. Most solar lamps turn ON or OFF based on external light conditions. In one of the existing projects, solar panels were the only source of energy for the battery which created an issue if the battery ran out of charge. This project nullifies this problem by introducing the main power grid as a backup in case of insufficient charge in the battery. In another existing project, the solar panel is directly connected to the LED which powers it. The problem with this concept is that the LEDs can only be switched on when the ambient sunlight shines on the solar panel. In the proposed system, the brightness of the street lights is kept at a dim state and the system increases the brightness of the LEDs in the presence of an object and they go to a default state after a certain delay. The proposed system is self-sufficient, eco-friendly, beneficial financially and is especially viable in countries with high levels of poverty and limited or no access to electricity. In the future, the proposed system can use a battery with higher storage capacity and more efficient solar panels. The proposed method can also include an automated self-cleaning apparatus for the solar panel.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between renewable energy and sustainable development is discussed and the potential solutions to current environmental problems are identified along with renewable energy technologies, and an illustrative example is presented.
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"Design and development of a low cos..." refers background in this paper
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