Design and Implementation of a Real Time Video Surveillance System with Wireless Sensor Networks
11 May 2008-pp 218-222
TL;DR: A real time video surveillance system consisting of many low cost sensors and a few wireless video cameras that is adaptable to variant environments and provides real time information of the monitored environment is proposed.
Abstract: One important goal of surveillance systems is to collect information about the behavior and position of interested targets in the sensing environment. These systems can be applied to many applications, such as fire emergency, surveillance system, and smart home. Recently, surveillance systems combining wireless sensor networks with video cameras have become more and more popular. In traditional video surveillance systems, the system performance and cost is proportional to the number of deployed video camera. In this paper, we propose a real time video surveillance system consisting of many low cost sensors and a few wireless video cameras. The system allows a group of cooperating sensor devices to detect and track mobile objects and to report their positions to the sink node in the wireless sensor network. Then, the sink node uses the IP cameras deployed in the sensing area to record these events and display the present situations. We also propose a camera control scheme to initialize the coverage distribution of cameras and support the inter-task handoff operations between cameras. We have implemented the proposed system with 16 sensor nodes and two IP cameras, and evaluated the system performance. The result shows that our surveillance system is adaptable to variant environments and provides real time information of the monitored environment.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: The fundamental data management techniques employed to ensure consistency, interoperability, granularity, and reusability of the data generated by the underlying IoT for smart cities are described.
Abstract: Integrating the various embedded devices and systems in our environment enables an Internet of Things (IoT) for a smart city. The IoT will generate tremendous amount of data that can be leveraged for safety, efficiency, and infotainment applications and services for city residents. The management of this voluminous data through its lifecycle is fundamental to the realization of smart cities. Therefore, in contrast to existing surveys on smart cities we provide a data-centric perspective, describing the fundamental data management techniques employed to ensure consistency, interoperability, granularity, and reusability of the data generated by the underlying IoT for smart cities. Essentially, the data lifecycle in a smart city is dependent on tightly coupled data management with cross-cutting layers of data security and privacy, and supporting infrastructure. Therefore, we further identify techniques employed for data security and privacy, and discuss the networking and computing technologies that enable smart cities. We highlight the achievements in realizing various aspects of smart cities, present the lessons learned, and identify limitations and research challenges.
390 citations
Cites background from "Design and Implementation of a Real..."
...Systems integrating WSN and cameras are proposed in [91] and [92] for human...
[...]
TL;DR: This survey provides a comprehensive overview of approaches to anomaly detection in a WSN and their operation in a non-stationary environment.
Abstract: Anomaly detection in a WSN is an important aspect of data analysis in order to identify data items that significantly differ from normal data. A characteristic of the data generated by a WSN is that the data distribution may alter over the lifetime of the network due to the changing nature of the phenomenon being observed. Anomaly detection techniques must be able to adapt to a non-stationary data distribution in order to perform optimally. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of approaches to anomaly detection in a WSN and their operation in a non-stationary environment.
99 citations
TL;DR: The most relevant availability issues related to wireless visual sensor networks are discussed, addressing availability evaluation and enhancement and bringing significant contributions to these networks.
Abstract: Wireless visual sensor networks have been considered for a large set of monitoring applications related with surveillance, tracking and multipurpose visual monitoring. When sensors are deployed over a monitored field, permanent faults may happen during the network lifetime, reducing the monitoring quality or rendering parts or the entire network unavailable. In a different way from scalar sensor networks, camera-enabled sensors collect information following a directional sensing model, which changes the notions of vicinity and redundancy. Moreover, visual source nodes may have different relevancies for the applications, according to the monitoring requirements and cameras' poses. In this paper we discuss the most relevant availability issues related to wireless visual sensor networks, addressing availability evaluation and enhancement. Such discussions are valuable when designing, deploying and managing wireless visual sensor networks, bringing significant contributions to these networks.
51 citations
Cites background from "Design and Implementation of a Real..."
...In general terms, different types of sensors may be employed, making up from homogeneous single-tier monitoring networks to complex multimodal heterogeneous wireless multimedia sensor networks for content-rich monitoring [5,6]....
[...]
TL;DR: A relevance-based approach was designed to position sinks closer to source nodes with higher sensing relevance, since they are expected to transmit more data packets, which makes this approach very suitable for realistic smart city applications.
50 citations
TL;DR: A fuzzy-based approach to dynamically configure the way visual sensors will operate concerning sensing, coding and transmission patterns, exploiting different types of reference parameters is proposed, potentially bringing significant results for this research field.
Abstract: The advance of technologies in several areas has allowed the development of smart city applications, which can improve the way of life in modern cities. When employing visual sensors in that scenario, still images and video streams may be retrieved from monitored areas, potentially providing valuable data for many applications. Actually, visual sensor networks may need to be highly dynamic, reflecting the changing of parameters in smart cities. In this context, characteristics of visual sensors and conditions of the monitored environment, as well as the status of other concurrent monitoring systems, may affect how visual sensors collect, encode and transmit information. This paper proposes a fuzzy-based approach to dynamically configure the way visual sensors will operate concerning sensing, coding and transmission patterns, exploiting different types of reference parameters. This innovative approach can be considered as the basis for multi-systems smart city applications based on visual monitoring, potentially bringing significant results for this research field.
43 citations
Cites methods from "Design and Implementation of a Real..."
...In [8], authors proposed an approach to use cameras and sensor nodes in order to provide an efficient surveillance system....
[...]
...In [8], authors proposed an approach to use cameras and sensor nodes in order to provide an efficient surveillance system, calculating the correct position of events of interest for camera rotation....
[...]
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the structure of the needs and priorities of people working in a vineyard to gain a better understanding of the potential for sensor networks in agriculture, and discussed an extended study of vineyard workers and their work practices to assess the potential of sensor network systems to aid work in this environment.
Abstract: Using ethnographic research methods, the authors studied the structure of the needs and priorities of people working in a vineyard to gain a better understanding of the potential for sensor networks in agriculture. We discuss an extended study of vineyard workers and their work practices to assess the potential for sensor network systems to aid work in this environment. The major purpose is to find new directions and new topics that pervasive computing and sensor networks might address in designing technologies to support a broader range of users and activities.
506 citations
TL;DR: The component technologies required to deploy a networked-robot system that can augment human firefighters and first responders, significantly enhancing their firefighting capabilities are described.
Abstract: The need to collect, integrate, and communicate information effectively in emergency response scenarios exceeds the state of the art in information technology. This emergency response problem provides an interesting and important test bed for studying networks of distributed mobile robots and sensors. Here, we describe the component technologies required to deploy a networked-robot system that can augment human firefighters and first responders, significantly enhancing their firefighting capabilities. In a burning building at a firefighting training facility, we deployed a network of stationary Mote sensors, mobile robots with cameras, and stationary radio tags to test their ability to guide firefighters to targets and warn them of potential dangers. Our long-term vision is a physical network that can sense, move, compute, and reason, letting network users (firefighters and first responders) Google for physical information - that is, information about the location and properties of physical objects in the real world.
258 citations
"Design and Implementation of a Real..." refers background in this paper
...Several works use mobile robots with WSNs to discover unknown or dangerous areas [8], [9]....
[...]
...Integrating the context-aware ability of WSN into surveillance system is an attractive direction which led to lots of researches [5-9]....
[...]
...These surveillance systems [5-8] rely on the cooperation of WSNs and cameras, because of the large amount of information and the high-level mediums provided by cameras....
[...]
20 Jun 2004
TL;DR: A dynamic cluster-based structure is proposed to track the movement of boundaries and facilitate the fusion and dissemination of boundary information in a sensor network.
Abstract: Wireless ad-hoc sensor networks are being developed to carry out tasks such as target detection and tracking, environment monitoring, and data collection across the area of deployment. We explore the problem of using sensor networks to detect and track continuous objects, such as wild fire and bio-chemical material. The continuous objects are different from traditional one or many individual targets in that they are continuously distributed across a region and usually occupy a large area. These continuous objects tend to diffuse, increase in size, change in shape, or even split into multiple relatively smaller continuous objects. The fusion and dissemination of local boundary information becomes a very challenging problem. In the paper, we propose a dynamic cluster-based structure to track the movement of boundaries and facilitate the fusion and dissemination of boundary information in a sensor network.
114 citations
"Design and Implementation of a Real..." refers background in this paper
...Most works assume that the intrusion objects can emit some signals, such as noise, light, or the objects themselves are phenomenal, such as diffused gas or chemical liquid [ 10 ]....
[...]
01 Mar 2002
TL;DR: A taxonomy is introduced to allow a human to redirect the attention of the system but give the system a method to ignore the distraction if recently engaged, to avoid the situation where the robot appears to be "hyperactive" and cannot give sufficient attention to a newly discovered face.
Abstract: In this research, a taxonomy is introduced to cover important considerations for human-robot interactions. As an application of passive human-robot interaction, two modalities for localizing humans based on sound source localization and infrared motion detection were developed and integrated with the face-tracker system of a humanoid ISAC (intelligent soft arm control), in order to direct ISACs attention and to prevent it from being quickly distracted. The sound source localization and passive infrared motion detection systems are used to provide the face-tracker system with candidate regions for finding a face. In order to avoid the situation where the robot appears to be "hyperactive" and cannot give sufficient attention to a newly discovered face, these sensing modules should not directly gain control of the tracking if the system has recently acquired a new face. Our goal is to allow a human to redirect the attention of the system but give the system a method to ignore the distraction if recently engaged.
60 citations
"Design and Implementation of a Real..." refers methods in this paper
...In [11], a sound source localizer and a motion detector system are implemented on a robot called ISAC....
[...]
16 May 2005
TL;DR: An important observation based on this work is that network lifetime is greatly affected by the presence of physical attacks, highlighting the importance of the study.
Abstract: We address a resource constrained lifetime problem in sensor networks in an operating environment where nodes can be physically destroyed. Specifically, given a limited number of sensors and a hostile environment, our goal is to maximize the network lifetime and derive a node deployment plan. The problem of physical destruction, due to hostile environments and the small size of the sensors, is a viable threat and severely constrains the practical lifetime of sensor networks. The lifetime problem we define is representative, practical, and encompasses other versions of similar problems. We also define a representative physical attack model under which we study and solve the lifetime problem. Our solutions take into account both node constraints and the goal of energy minimization. An important observation based on this work is that network lifetime is greatly affected by the presence of physical attacks, highlighting the importance of our study. Our work has a broad and immediate impact for system designers deploying networks in hostile environments.
41 citations
"Design and Implementation of a Real..." refers background in this paper
...WSNs appropriately applied to dangerous tasks can greatly decrease their risk, or even avoid the need of manpower for certain tasks [4]....
[...]