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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Design of frequency reconfigurable antenna with ambient RF-energy harvester system

01 Feb 2016-pp 1-5
TL;DR: The RF energy Harvester with frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is presented in this paper, design for ambient RF energy harvester system for two different frequency bands with sufficient transmitted RF power.
Abstract: The RF energy Harvester with frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is presented in this paper. The antenna is design for ambient RF energy harvester system for two different frequency bands. The proposed antenna has two different frequency bands, to be reconfigurable at 1.6GHz and 2.4GHz using RF PIN diodes. The energy harvester is a simple rectifier circuit that converts RF energy to usable DC power for wireless charging device. The sufficient transmitted RF power is achieved from proposed antenna. The rectifier circuit with six stage gives DC voltage of 21V at 1.6GHz and 22V at 2.45GHz which is suitable for wireless charging Application.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an exhaustive survey on the different RFEH system that is reported is carried out and important design issues are identified with insights drawn.

81 citations


Cites background from "Design of frequency reconfigurable ..."

  • ...Frequency reconfigurable patch antenna is achieved by inscribing slots in rectangular radiator and connecting the patch surface using PIN diodes.(45) It suffers from back radiation and so the gain is low in both resonating frequencies (1....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Five different cases of monopole antennas are explored with reflector surfaces such as PEC (perfect electrical conductor) and AMC (artificial magnetic conductor) integrated with the rectifier circuit for better improvisement in RF energy harvesting systems.

31 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Oct 2022-Sensors
TL;DR: This review gives an overview of the seminal and contemporary studies in the RF-EH-WS field in terms of their basic requirement to support reduced size or miniaturized smart objects, which are common matters in current applications of WS nodes.
Abstract: Radiofrequency energy harvesting (RF-EH) solutions have evolved significantly in recent years due to the ubiquity of electromagnetic waves in any environment. This review presents a comprehensive report on autonomous wireless sensor (WS) design considerations based on RF-EH. The obtainability of RF-EH-WS is driven by development efforts in the areas of RF-EH circuit design, known as rectifying antenna (Rectenna), the minimization of the energy budget of WS (MEB-WS), and finally, power management modules (PMM). The PMM aims to optimize the energy efficiency of the WS. In addition to these three factors, examining the RF power levels harvested related to the rectenna feeding technique (RFT) is essential. Since we did not find any review presenting a holistic view of these design considerations, we strived to provide a detailed picture of recent advances and new enhancements in this review. To address this issue, this review gives an overview of the seminal and contemporary studies in the RF-EH-WS field. The IoT issues are also discussed in terms of their basic requirement to support reduced size or miniaturized smart objects, which are common matters in current applications of WS nodes. Potential open issues that might be considered for future research are also discussed in this article. For a more detailed description of all presented concepts, many significant references are provided for the readers.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors designed and implemented a reconfigurable antenna with PIN diode switch for modern wireless communication in four bands (4.5 GHz, 3.4 GHz, 2.8 GHz, and 1.6 mm thickness).
Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) controlled a reconfigurable antenna with PIN diode switch for modern wireless communication is designed and implemented. Direct contact of biasing network with the antenna is eliminated and the switching unit is manipulated through IoT method. The proposed antenna has ring structures, in which the outer ring connects the inner ring structure through a PIN diode switch. The dimension of the proposed antenna is reported as 50 mm × 50 mm and its prototype has been made-up on epoxy-Fr4 substrate with 1.6 mm thickness. This antenna setup is made to reconfigurable in four bands (4.5 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 1.8 GHz) through switching provided by IoT device (NodeMCU). The antenna has a good return loss greater than -10dB.In switching state 2 the antenna has a return loss of -30 dB peak is attained at 3.4 GHz of operating frequency. Similarly the gain response of antenna is good in its operating bands of all switching states and obtained a maximum gain of 2.7 dB in 3.5 GHz. Bidirectional radiation pattern is obtained in all switching states of the antenna.

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a metasurface reflector-inspired circular polarization (CP) printed reconfigurable antenna integrated with a Greinacher voltage divider (GVD) rectifier circuit is reported.
Abstract: Due to the widespread use of low-power embedded devices in both industrial and consumer applications, research into the use of alternate energy sources has been sparked by the requirement for continuous power. Due to its accessibility and ability to be implanted, RF energy is always taken into consideration among the traditional energy sources that are currently available. There is a significant necessity for efficient RF front-ends, which must provide effective circular polarization (CP) features, effectiveness, feasibility from a design standpoint, and optimal usage of ambient RF signals accessible in the environment. So, for understanding their utilization in RF energy harvesting, a metasurface reflector-inspired CP-printed reconfigurable antenna integrated with a Greinacher voltage divider (GVD) rectifier circuit is reported. It offers broadband CP with fractional bandwidth > 25%, CP gain > 8.35 dBic, and directional radiation with the 3 dB angular beamwidth > 100° in the 3.5/5 GHz bands. With the integration of the rectifier circuit, a theoretical DC output > 4.8 V at 12 dBm is obtained. The acceptable impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth, antenna gain, antenna efficiency, and directional radiation with a 3 dB angular beamwidth value are studied and subsequently matched with the trade-offs (usage of diodes, complexity of DC biasing circuits, and attainment of polarization reconfigurability) obtained from the state of the art. A comprehensive study of the reconfigurable antennas is reported to highlight the findings as a widespread solution for these limitations in RF energy harvesting application.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new design for an energy harvesting device is proposed in this paper, which enables scavenging energy from radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic waves by proposing a dual-stage energy harvesting circuit composed of a seven-stage and ten-stage design, the former being more receptive in the low input power regions, while the latter is more suitable for higher power range.
Abstract: A new design for an energy harvesting device is proposed in this paper, which enables scavenging energy from radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic waves. Compared to common alternative energy sources like solar and wind, RF harvesting has the least energy density. The existing state-of-the-art solutions are effective only over narrow frequency ranges, are limited in efficiency response, and require higher levels of input power. This paper has a twofold contribution. First, we propose a dual-stage energy harvesting circuit composed of a seven-stage and ten-stage design, the former being more receptive in the low input power regions, while the latter is more suitable for higher power range. Each stage here is a modified voltage multiplier, arranged in series and our design provides guidelines on component choice and precise selection of the crossover operational point for these two stages between the high (20 dBm) and low power (-20 dBm) extremities. Second, we fabricate our design on a printed circuit board to demonstrate how such a circuit can run a commercial Mica2 sensor mote, with accompanying simulations on both ideal and non-ideal conditions for identifying the upper bound on achievable efficiency. With a simple yet optimal dual-stage design, experiments and characterization plots reveal approximately 100% improvement over other existing designs in the power range of -20 to 7 dBm.

444 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new technique for designing dual-band reconfigurable slot antennas is presented, which is achieved by loading a slot antenna with two lumped variable capacitors (varactors) placed in proper locations along the slot.
Abstract: A new technique for designing dual-band reconfigurable slot antennas is presented. Dual-frequency operation is achieved by loading a slot antenna with two lumped variable capacitors (varactors) placed in proper locations along the slot. Loading the slot antenna with lumped capacitors shifts down the resonant frequencies of the first and second resonances of the antenna. However, these frequency shifts depend not only on the values of the capacitors, but also on their locations along the slot antenna. Here, it is shown that by choosing the locations of the varactors appropriately, it is possible to obtain a dual-band antenna whose first and second resonant frequencies can be controlled individually. In other words, the frequency of either the first or the second band can be fixed, while the other one is electronically tuned. Using such a design, an electronically tunable dual-band antenna is designed and fabricated using two identical varactors having a capacitance range of 0.5-2.25 pF. The antenna is shown to have a frequency ratio (f/sub R/=f/sub 2//f/sub 1/) ranging from 1.3 to 2.67. An important feature of this antenna is its consistent radiation pattern, polarization, and polarization purity at both bands and across its entire tunable frequency range.

367 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the development of novel kinds of reconfigurable microstrip antennas: patch antennas with switchable slots (PASS), which are versatile for wireless communication systems, and their structure is very simple.
Abstract: This feature article describes, in a comprehensive and unified fashion, the authors' work on the development of novel kinds of reconfigurable microstrip antennas: patch antennas with switchable slots (PASS). PASS are versatile for wireless communication systems, and their structure is very simple. This article introduces the operational mechanism of PASS, as well as their frequency-ratio control and input impedance tuning. Various PASS designs are presented to demonstrate the capability of PASS in wireless communication. These designs demonstrate the functions of dual-frequency operation, dual-band circular-polarization performance, and circular-polarization diversity with only one layer and a single feed. A practical PASS application for future Mars rover missions is also highlighted: a compact, dual-band, circularly polarized antenna for the UHF band was designed, fabricated, and measured, based on the PASS concept.

179 citations


"Design of frequency reconfigurable ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Different kind of switching technologies, such as optical switches, PIN diodes, FETs, RF-MEMS switches, Reed switches and Varactor diode [7]-[10]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual-band (2.4-2.485 GHz and 5.15-5.825 GHz) slot antenna is proposed for WLAN applications, which is composed of narrow slots, and placed in the 10 times 10 mm2 corner region on a typical FR4 printed circuit board for PDA phones.
Abstract: A compact design of a dual-band (2.4-2.485 GHz and 5.15-5.825 GHz) slot antenna is proposed for WLAN applications. To achieve compact and practical design, the proposed antenna is composed of narrow slots, and placed in the 10 times 10 mm2 corner region on a typical FR4 printed circuit board for WLAN personal-digital-assistance (PDA) phones. The detailed design considerations are described in this communication. Also, simulation and measurement regarding the reflection coefficient and radiation pattern are conducted. Good agreement between both results is obtained.

83 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
05 May 2009
TL;DR: This paper compares the use of primary batteries against solar cells and basic principles are first enunciated, then generic design examples are presented and finally actual deployed nodes of a WSN are illustrated.
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are increasingly used in many fields. Still, power supply of the nodes remains a challenge. Primary batteries are mainly used but energy harvesting offers an alternative, although not free of problems. This paper compares the use of primary batteries against solar cells. Basic principles are first enunciated, then generic design examples are presented and finally actual deployed nodes of a WSN are illustrated.

52 citations


"Design of frequency reconfigurable ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Efforts are made to convert the RF energy in environment into electrical energy and use it for applications such as to power mobile devices, wireless sensor network and charging batteries [2]....

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