TL;DR: Eight design recommendations for online newspapers are proposed based on features that mediate a specific purpose and use between publisher and audience, which are also based on genre change regarding design, and the heritage from print regarding form and shared content elements.
Abstract: Taking a genre perspective on design, this article proposes eight design recommendations for online newspapers. These recommendations are based on features that mediate a specific purpose and use between publisher and audience, which we describe as genre rules in terms of purpose, form, and positioning. They are also based on genre change regarding design, and the heritage from print regarding form and shared content elements. We have a) studied genre change through a web pa ge analysis of nine Swedish online newspapers in 2001 and 2003, using the genre concepts content, form, functionality and positioning, and b) derived genre rules by analysing publishers design purpose, and audience recognition and use, through qualitative interviews and usability tests. We have interviewed managers, designers and editors-in-chief at the nine newspapers as well as 153 members of their audience. Some examples of the design recommendations are: "Use the length of the front page to give an overview of the whole site.", "Use the broadsheet metaphor for layout." and "Provide news valuation through positioning and markers."
TL;DR: The theoretical contribution is to show how Actor Network Theory (ANT) can be used in combination with other theories - in this case genre theory - to analyze emergent value networks in the e-newspaper genre.
Abstract: We have studied a two-year project aiming at exploring the potentials of the e-newspaper, i.e. a news service published with e-paper technology. Different actors have interests in this process, e.g. newspaper publishers, device producers, readers and advertisers. These actors are forming value networks by negotiations of interests and positions. The contribution of the paper is twofold: firstly we show how the value network created around e-newspaper is dependent on the convergence of different actors and their interests; secondly our theoretical contribution is to show how Actor Network Theory (ANT) can be used in combination with other theories - in this case genre theory - to analyze emergent value networks. ANT captures the general process of how the value network takes form, while genre theory captures the domain specific context of e-newspapers, and how this structures negotiations between different stakeholders who want to form the e-newspaper genre.
7 citations
Cites background from "Design recommendations for online n..."
...the e-newspaper genre, also requires a new value network supporting the genre [6]....
TL;DR: In this article, a combination of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Genre Theory can constitute a theoretical framework for understanding how digital genres evolve, which can capture the process of how a genre takes form in negotiations with different stakeholders.
Abstract: In this paper we argue that a combination of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Genre Theory can constitute a theoretical framework for understanding how digital genres evolve. Genre theory states that genres evolve over time through reciprocal interaction between institutionalized practices and individual action; that they develop from actors’ responses to recurrent situations, and are shaped around characteristics as content, form, functionality and purpose. Genres emerge out of practice and at the same time they shape that practice. While genre theory can describe the characteristics of a genre, it cannot handle the process of how a genre is formed and what powers and forces are involved in this shaping process. In order to address this problem, several authors have incorporated structuration theory into genre analysis. However, structuration theory can only catch these constitutional processes of genre in a very broad manner. As a genre is evolving and stabilizing over time in interplay with different actors, it goes beyond what is possible to explain only by means of structuration theory. Instead, ANT could work as a tool to capture the process of how a genre takes form in negotiations with different stakeholders. In this paper we discuss how genre theory and ANT can be combined in a framework for analyzing emerging genres. We apply this theoretical framework on an e-newspaper project that embodies a new genre in the making. We will here show how evolving genre characteristics are developed, formed and stabilized in a negotiation and struggle between the involved actors when they translate their interests in ways that finally are resulting in a new genre.
5 citations
Cites background from "Design recommendations for online n..."
...The combination of computing devices and the Internet has broadened the genre research agenda beyond organizational communication to include digital genres (Shepherd and Watters, 1998; Crowston and Williams, 2000; Ihlström and Lundberg, 2004, Ihlström and Henfridsson, 2005; Breure, 2001)....
TL;DR: The Nature of Qualitative Inquiry Theoretical Orientations Particularly Appropriate Qualitative Applications as mentioned in this paper, and Qualitative Interviewing: Qualitative Analysis and Interpretation Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis and interpretation.
Abstract: PART ONE: CONCEPTUAL ISSUES IN THE USE OF QUALITATIVE METHODS The Nature of Qualitative Inquiry Strategic Themes in Qualitative Methods Variety in Qualitative Inquiry Theoretical Orientations Particularly Appropriate Qualitative Applications PART TWO: QUALITATIVE DESIGNS AND DATA COLLECTION Designing Qualitative Studies Fieldwork Strategies and Observation Methods Qualitative Interviewing PART THREE: ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION, AND REPORTING Qualitative Analysis and Interpretation Enhancing the Quality and Credibility of Qualitative Analysis
31,305 citations
"Design recommendations for online n..." refers methods in this paper
...The interviews were all based on an interview guide approach [30]....
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...The interviews were carried out using a structured interview guide [30] in order to get answers to the same questions from all respondents....
TL;DR: The Nature of Qualitative Inquiry Theoretical Orientations Particularly Appropriate Qualitative Applications as mentioned in this paper, and Qualitative Interviewing: Qualitative Analysis and Interpretation Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis and interpretation.
TL;DR: The Sixth Edition of Designing the User Interface provides a comprehensive, authoritative, and up-to-date introduction to the dynamic field of human-computer interaction and user experience (UX) design.
Abstract: For courses in Human-Computer Interaction. The Sixth Edition of Designing the User Interface provides a comprehensive, authoritative, and up-to-date introduction to the dynamic field of human-computer interaction (HCI) and user experience (UX) design. This classic book has defined and charted the astonishing evolution of user interfaces for three decades. Students and professionals learn practical principles and guidelines needed to develop high quality interface designs that users can understand, predict, and control. The book covers theoretical foundations and design processes such as expert reviews and usability testing. By presenting current research andinnovations in human-computer interaction, the authors strive toinspire students, guide designers, and provoke researchers to seek solutions that improve the experiences of novice and expert users, while achieving universal usability. The authors also provide balanced presentations on controversial topics such as augmented and virtual reality, voice and natural language interfaces, and information visualization. Updates include current HCI design methods, new design examples, and totally revamped coverage of social media, search and voice interaction. Major revisions were made toEVERY chapter, changing almost every figure (170 new color figures) and substantially updating the references.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the philosophy of research design and the politics of management research in the context of qualitative and quantitative research. But they focus mainly on qualitative methods and quantitative methods.
Abstract: PART ONE: STARTING MANAGEMENT RESEARCH Introducing Management Research The Ingredients of Successful Research PART TWO: PHILOSOPHY AND POLITICS The Philosophy of Research Design The Politics of Management Research PART THREE: DOING AND COMPLETING THE RESEARCH Qualitative Methods Quantitative Methods Finishing Research Appendix Searching the Management Literature
TL;DR: Four experiments showed that individual evaluators were mostly quite bad at doing heuristic evaluations and that they only found between 20 and 51% of the usability problems in the interfaces they evaluated.
Abstract: Heuristic evaluation is an informal method of usability analysis where a number of evaluators are presented with an interface design and asked to comment on it. Four experiments showed that individual evaluators were mostly quite bad at doing such heuristic evaluations and that they only found between 20 and 51% of the usability problems in the interfaces they evaluated. On the other hand, we could aggregate the evaluations from several evaluators to a single evaluation and such aggregates do rather well, even when they consist of only three to five people.
2,979 citations
"Design recommendations for online n..." refers methods in this paper
...Guidelines could be used as checklists against a design [39; 27; 33; 26]....