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Design With Climate: Bioclimatic Approach to Architectural Regionalism
21 Mar 1963-
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a bioclimatic approach for the selection of a site for a building in four regions of the United States, based on solar control, wind effects and air flow patterns.
Abstract: Part 1: Climatic approach. General introduction. The bioclimatic approach. Regional evaluation. Climatic elements. Part 2: Interpretation in architectural principles. Interpretation in architectural principles. Site selection. Sol-air orientation. Solar control. Environment and building forms. Wind effects and air flow patterns. Thermal effects of materials. Part 3: Application. Heliothermic planning. Examples in four regions.
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TL;DR: The observed relationship between building design and airborne bacterial diversity suggests that the authors can manage indoor environments, altering through building designand operation the community of microbial species that potentially colonize the human microbiome during their time indoors.
Abstract: Buildings are complex ecosystems that house trillions of microorganisms interacting with each other, with humans and with their environment. Understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes that determine the diversity and composition of the built environment microbiome—the community of microorganisms that live indoors—is important for understanding the relationship between building design, biodiversity and human health. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene to quantify relationships between building attributes and airborne bacterial communities at a health-care facility. We quantified airborne bacterial community structure and environmental conditions in patient rooms exposed to mechanical or window ventilation and in outdoor air. The phylogenetic diversity of airborne bacterial communities was lower indoors than outdoors, and mechanically ventilated rooms contained less diverse microbial communities than did window-ventilated rooms. Bacterial communities in indoor environments contained many taxa that are absent or rare outdoors, including taxa closely related to potential human pathogens. Building attributes, specifically the source of ventilation air, airflow rates, relative humidity and temperature, were correlated with the diversity and composition of indoor bacterial communities. The relative abundance of bacteria closely related to human pathogens was higher indoors than outdoors, and higher in rooms with lower airflow rates and lower relative humidity. The observed relationship between building design and airborne bacterial diversity suggests that we can manage indoor environments, altering through building design and operation the community of microbial species that potentially colonize the human microbiome during our time indoors.
426 citations
TL;DR: The state-of-the-art on the development and application of computer-aided building simulation is reviewed by addressing some crucial questions in the field, ranging from the historical and technical development to choosing a suitable simulation program and performing building simulation.
301 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the theoretical and practical approaches to adaptation planning in cities, identifying the conceptual characteristics and features of a climate resilient city and the reciprocal linkages between climate-related disasters, urban form and city planning processes.
264 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of building envelopes on energy consumption and thermal performance of high-rise buildings in the Malaysian tropical climate was investigated. But, the results of the other studies that establish to the selecting of proper parameters of building envelope to the highrise residential.
Abstract: This paper is about the research into the effect of building envelopes on energy consumption and thermal performance of high-rise buildings in the Malaysian Tropical climate. A suitable indoor thermal condition in buildings is important because of the building occupants comfort. In addition, it is indicating building energy consumption, staff productivity, less absenteeism, health and well-being effects. Energy consumption can be significantly reduced by adopting energy efficiency strategies in such buildings. Due to environmental concerns and expensive energy costs in recent years, energy efficiency in buildings has garnered renewed interests. A research recently conducted in Malaysia specifies that residential buildings do about 19% of the overall energy consumed in Malaysian sectors. One of the most potential strategies applied on building envelope in hot–humid tropical regions is the passive design method and is done to the building envelope in hot–humid tropical regions. This paper reviews the results of the other studies that establish to the selecting of proper parameters of building envelope to the high-rise residential. The building design criteria has been scrutinized through a set of defined parameters such as climatic conditions, form, width, length and height, external walls, roofs, glazing area, natural ventilation and occupants thermal comfort, as well as external shading devices on energy consumption of high-rise buildings in Malaysia. The thermal comfort zone was investigated by researchers for Malaysian residential buildings, discovering that the comfort ranged between 25 °C and 31 °C. Recommendations are given based on the significant findings as resources to help designers in laying out the design plan for high-rise buildings in hot and humid climate.
229 citations
TL;DR: Certain bioclimatic architecture strategies that have been adopted in specific countries could be exported to other areas with similar climates because they were proven to be good functional design strategies that resulted in large energy saving measures related to solar protection, humidification or temperature increases.
Abstract: The residential sector consumes a significant amount of energy worldwide. Therefore, it is important to study, analyse and implement bioclimatic architectural systems that contribute to the reduction of energy consumption while considering the possible construction solutions offered at both passive and active levels. The present study conducted a comprehensive analysis that was stratified into three large blocks. The first block examined the concept of bioclimatic architecture. The second examined the bioclimatic architecture construction strategies as a function of each climate zone with the objective of achieving the greatest climate comfort level within a specific building. Fourteen climate zones were established and recommended according to the possible strategies that would facilitate reductions in energy consumption. The third block analysed the principal scientific research trends in this field and highlighted the use of vernacular architecture strategies, experimentation with bioclimatic architecture construction, application of innovative bioclimatic architecture strategies, promotion of bioclimatic architecture, use of bioclimatic architecture in urban planning, inclusion of bioclimatic lessons in study plans and development of energy saving technologies to support bioclimatic architecture. The extensive review described in this paper allowed us to conclude that certain bioclimatic architecture strategies that have been adopted in specific countries could be exported to other areas with similar climates because they were proven to be good functional design strategies that resulted in large energy saving measures (each in its corresponding climate) related to solar protection, humidification or temperature increases.
191 citations