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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Designing for mental wellbeing: towards a more holistic approach in the treatment and prevention of mental illness

TL;DR: A comprehensive definition of mental wellbeing as positive emotional, psychological and social health is provided to encourage more research on positive aspects of mental health in the treatment and care provision of people with mental health problems, and to support preventive approaches.
Abstract: To date, HCI for mental health has primarily responded to challenges in the treatment of mental illness, with a focus on therapy access and engagement. However, approaches to improving and protecting people's mental wellbeing have received less attention. Prompted by recent discussions in Western Healthcare and Psychology, we argue for a more holistic approach to promoting mental health that expands the field's focus to include strategies for enhancing mental wellbeing. A closer consideration of mental wellbeing can increase the effectiveness of mental health interventions, help in preventing mental illness and relapse, and extend our knowledge as to how we can support people to flourish as individuals and enhance their quality of life more generally. Our aim is to encourage more research on positive aspects of mental health in the treatment and care provision of people with mental health problems, and to support preventive approaches. To this end, the paper provides a comprehensive definition of mental wellbeing as positive emotional, psychological and social health; presents a review of HCI literature illustrating how the field is beginning to respond to the mental wellbeing agenda; and proposes avenues for future design and research in this area.

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Citations
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01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The flow the psychology of optimal experience is universally compatible with any devices to read as mentioned in this paper and is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly.
Abstract: Thank you very much for downloading flow the psychology of optimal experience. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their chosen readings like this flow the psychology of optimal experience, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer. flow the psychology of optimal experience is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our digital library saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the flow the psychology of optimal experience is universally compatible with any devices to read.

1,993 citations

01 Jul 2011
TL;DR: Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other as mentioned in this paper is a book about why we expect more from technology and less from each other than we do with each other.
Abstract: Nationality: American Education: Ph.D. in Sociology and Personality... Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology … https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8694125-alone-together Start by marking “Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other†as Want to Read: ... Unfortunately I am no closer to telling you why we expect more from technology & less from each other than I was before I read this book. One of the main things that bothered me about this book was that, even though I was really interested in these …

702 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article presents an introduction to, and a systematic review of, current ML work regarding psycho-socially based mental health conditions from the computing and HCI literature, and reflects on the current state-of-the-art of ML work for mental health.
Abstract: High prevalence of mental illness and the need for effective mental health care, combined with recent advances in AI, has led to an increase in explorations of how the field of machine learning (ML) can assist in the detection, diagnosis and treatment of mental health problems. ML techniques can potentially offer new routes for learning patterns of human behavior; identifying mental health symptoms and risk factors; developing predictions about disease progression; and personalizing and optimizing therapies. Despite the potential opportunities for using ML within mental health, this is an emerging research area, and the development of effective ML-enabled applications that are implementable in practice is bound up with an array of complex, interwoven challenges. Aiming to guide future research and identify new directions for advancing development in this important domain, this article presents an introduction to, and a systematic review of, current ML work regarding psycho-socially based mental health conditions from the computing and HCI literature. A quantitative synthesis and qualitative narrative review of 54 papers that were included in the analysis surfaced common trends, gaps, and challenges in this space. Discussing our findings, we (i) reflect on the current state-of-the-art of ML work for mental health, (ii) provide concrete suggestions for a stronger integration of human-centered and multi-disciplinary approaches in research and development, and (iii) invite more consideration of the potentially far-reaching personal, social, and ethical implications that ML models and interventions can have, if they are to find widespread, successful adoption in real-world mental health contexts.

153 citations


Cites background from "Designing for mental wellbeing: tow..."

  • ..., general mental health or wellbeing [188]); and practices to support mental health more broadly (e....

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  • ...Under-exploration in these areas may partly be reflective of a lesser understanding of ‘positive mental health’ concepts [188], and a lack of available data [173]....

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
21 Apr 2018
TL;DR: The design of an online guided chat tool and insights into the design of peer support chat systems that guide users to initiate, maintain, and reciprocate emotional support are contributed.
Abstract: Talk therapy is a common, effective, and desirable form of mental health treatment. Yet, it is inaccessible to many people. Enabling peers to chat online using effective principles of talk therapy could help scale this form of mental health care. To understand how such chats could be designed, we conducted a two-week field experiment with 40 people experiencing mental illnesses comparing two types of online chats-chats guided by prompts, and unguided chats. Results show that anxiety was significantly reduced from pre-test to post-test. User feedback revealed that guided chats provided solutions to problems and new perspectives, and were perceived as "deep," while unguided chats offered personal connection on shared experiences and were experienced as "smooth." We contribute the design of an online guided chat tool and insights into the design of peer support chat systems that guide users to initiate, maintain, and reciprocate emotional support.

105 citations


Cites background from "Designing for mental wellbeing: tow..."

  • ...Another avenue for future work is to investigate longer term depression and anxiety outcomes, and to focus more on wellbeing, which is often overlooked in technology evaluations [77]....

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
26 Oct 2020
TL;DR: A reflexive analysis of the experiences of three accessibility researchers and one disability studies scholar derives three themes: ableism in research, oversimplification of disability, and human relationships around disability.
Abstract: Accessibility research and disability studies are intertwined fields focused on, respectively, building a world more inclusive of people with disability and understanding and elevating the lived experiences of disabled people. Accessibility research tends to focus on creating technology related to impairment, while disability studies focuses on understanding disability and advocating against ableist systems. Our paper presents a reflexive analysis of the experiences of three accessibility researchers and one disability studies scholar. We focus on moments when our disability was misunderstood and causes such as expecting clearly defined impairments. We derive three themes: ableism in research, oversimplification of disability, and human relationships around disability. From these themes, we suggest paths toward more strongly integrating disability studies perspectives and disabled people into accessibility research.

66 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Existing evidence supports the hypothesis that the need to belong is a powerful, fundamental, and extremely pervasive motivation, and people form social attachments readily under most conditions and resist the dissolution of existing bonds.
Abstract: A hypothesized need to form and maintain strong, stable interpersonal relationships is evaluated in light of the empirical literature. The need is for frequent, nonaversive interactions within an ongoing relational bond. Consistent with the belongingness hypothesis, people form social attachments readily under most conditions and resist the dissolution of existing bonds. Belongingness appears to have multiple and strong effects on emotional patterns and on cognitive processes. Lack of attachments is linked to a variety of ill effects on health, adjustment, and well-being. Other evidence, such as that concerning satiation, substitution, and behavioral consequences, is likewise consistent with the hypothesized motivation. Several seeming counterexamples turned out not to disconfirm the hypothesis. Existing evidence supports the hypothesis that the need to belong is a powerful, fundamental, and extremely pervasive motivation.

17,492 citations


"Designing for mental wellbeing: tow..." refers background in this paper

  • ...[9] Baumeister, R.F., and Leary, M.R. 1995....

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  • ...Baumeister and Leary [9] for example highlight a strong connection between belongingness and a person’s general health and mental wellbeing....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors outline a framework for a science of positive psychology, point to gaps in the authors' knowledge, and predict that the next century will see a science and profession that will come to understand and build the factors that allow individuals, communities, and societies to flourish.
Abstract: A science of positive subjective experience, positive individual traits, and positive institutions promises to improve quality of life and prevent the pathologies that arise when life is barren and meaningless, The exclusive focus on pathology that has dominated so much of our discipline results in a model of the human being lacking the positive features that make life worth living. Hope, wisdom, creativity, future mindedness, courage, spirituality, responsibility, and perseverance are ignored or explained as transformations of more authentic negative impulses. The 15 articles in this millennial issue of the American Psychologist discuss such issues as what enables happiness, the effects of autonomy and self-regulation, how optimism and hope affect health, what constitutes wisdom, and how talent and creativity come to fruition. The authors outline a framework for a science of positive psychology, point to gaps in our knowledge, and predict that the next century will see a science and profession that will come to understand and build the factors that allow individuals, communities, and societies to flourish.

12,650 citations


"Designing for mental wellbeing: tow..." refers background in this paper

  • ...In 2000, Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi popularized the term Positive Psychology [67] as the study of the conditions and processes that contribute to human ‘flourishing’ with a focus on what makes life worth living and determining the conditions for human wellbeing....

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  • ...In 2000, Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi popularized the term Positive Psychology [67] as the study of the conditions and processes that...

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Book
01 Jan 1990

12,284 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: The literature on subjective well-being (SWB), including happiness, life satisfaction, and positive affect, is reviewed in three areas: measurement, causal factors, and theory.
Abstract: The literature on subjective well-being (SWB), including happiness, life satisfaction, and positive affect, is reviewed in three areas: measurement, causal factors, and theory. Psychometric data on single-item and multi-item subjective well-being scales are presented, and the measures are compared. Measuring various components of subjective well-being is discussed. In terms of causal influences, research findings on the demographic correlates of SWB are evaluated, as well as the findings on other influences such as health, social contact, activity, and personality. A number of theoretical approaches to happiness are presented and discussed: telic theories, associationistic models, activity theories, judgment approaches, and top-down versus bottom-up conceptions.

10,021 citations


"Designing for mental wellbeing: tow..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Instead, it proposes that experiences of wellbeing are gained by leading a ‘virtuous’ life, whereby the person attains a sense of self and lives in accordance with their true self [26][62]....

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  • ...It needs to be cultivated through an activity that is controlled by the person and that sets challenges which are neither too simple nor too difficult to achieve [26]....

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  • ...Within the hedonic perspective exists a predominant view that wellbeing is constructed from the difference between pleasures versus displeasures, and how satisfied one feels with life [26]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review considers research from both perspectives concerning the nature of well-being, its antecedents, and its stability across time and culture.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract Well-being is a complex construct that concerns optimal experience and functioning. Current research on well-being has been derived from two general perspectives: the hedonic approach, which focuses on happiness and defines well-being in terms of pleasure attainment and pain avoidance; and the eudaimonic approach, which focuses on meaning and self-realization and defines well-being in terms of the degree to which a person is fully functioning. These two views have given rise to different research foci and a body of knowledge that is in some areas divergent and in others complementary. New methodological developments concerning multilevel modeling and construct comparisons are also allowing researchers to formulate new questions for the field. This review considers research from both perspectives concerning the nature of well-being, its antecedents, and its stability across time and culture.

8,243 citations


"Designing for mental wellbeing: tow..." refers background in this paper

  • ...The assumption that all individuals have a natural tendency for personal growth (unless hindered due to social-environmental factors) has also been embraced in Ryan and Deci’s [62] selfdetermination theory, which suggests that for personal growth three universal psychological needs have to be fulfilled: autonomy, feeling that one can initiate one’s own behavior and act in one’s own interest; competence, feeling effective in one’s interactions with others and experiencing opportunities for expressing one’s capabilities; and relatedness, feeling connected to others and feeling cared for....

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  • ...Hobbes, DeSade) that regards the pursuit and experience of a maximum of pleasures as the goal of life, with happiness resulting from the accumulation of hedonic moments [62]....

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  • ...The literature on SWB further distinguishes two main and closely interwoven perspectives: the hedonic perspective equates wellbeing with positive ‘feelings’ towards life (emotional wellbeing); and the eudemonic perspective considers wellbeing in terms of a person’s level of ‘functioning’ in life, including the extent to which they can realize their true potential (psychological wellbeing) and their social needs (social wellbeing) [48][62]....

    [...]

  • ...Instead, it proposes that experiences of wellbeing are gained by leading a ‘virtuous’ life, whereby the person attains a sense of self and lives in accordance with their true self [26][62]....

    [...]

  • ...The assumption that all individuals have a natural tendency for personal growth (unless hindered due to social-environmental factors) has also been embraced in Ryan and Deci’s [62] selfdetermination theory, which suggests that for personal growth three universal psychological needs have to be fulfilled: autonomy, feeling that one can initiate one’s own behavior and act...

    [...]