Desiring intimacy and building community: young, gay and living with HIV in the time of PrEP.
TL;DR: It is suggested that, post-PrEP rollout, men living with HIV are experiencing dating, sex and community in ways that reflect a general reduction in the experience of stigma surrounding their HIV status, suggesting an important social impact of PrEP in reducing HIV-related stigma beyond the primary prophylactic effect.
Abstract: The negative effects of stigma on men living with HIV within gay communities are well-documented. However, few studies have examined the experience of intimacy for men living with HIV as a conseque...
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TL;DR: In 2012, the U.S. FDA approved the first drug for use as HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), which was nearly 99% effective when taken as prescribed as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In 2012, the U.S. FDA approved the first drug for use as HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), which is nearly 99% effective when taken as prescribed. Although the manifest function of PrEP is to pr...
24 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors examined the social context and lived experience of HIV risk management among sexual minority men in China and found that men's choice of risk management strategies was influenced by their often negative perceptions of gay community, social norms around condom use, and prior lived experience.
Abstract: This study examined the social context and lived experience of HIV risk management among sexual minority men in China. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of 25 in-depth interviews with participants in five Chinese cities was undertaken. Findings show how men managed HIV risk in the context of high risk perception and anxiety, and strong perceived social discrimination and marginalisation. Men's choice of risk management strategies was influenced by their often-negative perceptions of gay community, social norms around condom use, and prior lived experience. Results underscore the importance of considering these contexts when planning pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) implementation in China and highlight the need for strategies to address potential PrEP-related stigma among sexual minority men.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a systematic review synthesizes the findings and themes from 16 quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies examining PrEP motivations and outcomes focused on sexual satisfaction, sexual pleasure, sexual quality, and sexual intimacy.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective form of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention for people at potential risk for exposure. Despite its demonstrated efficacy, PrEP uptake and adherence have been discouraging, especially among groups most vulnerable to HIV transmission. A primary message to persons who are at elevated risk for HIV has been to focus on risk reduction, sexual risk behaviors, and continued condom use, rarely capitalizing on the positive impact on sexuality, intimacy, and relationships that PrEP affords. This systematic review synthesizes the findings and themes from 16 quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies examining PrEP motivations and outcomes focused on sexual satisfaction, sexual pleasure, sexual quality, and sexual intimacy. Significant themes emerged around PrEP as increasing emotional intimacy, closeness, and connectedness; PrEP as increasing sexual options and opportunities; PrEP as removing barriers to physical closeness and physical pleasure; and PrEP as reducing sexual anxiety and fears. It is argued that positive sexual pleasure motivations should be integrated into messaging to encourage PrEP uptake and adherence, as well as to destigmatize sexual pleasure and sexual activities of MSM.
6 citations
TL;DR: Findings support offering PrEP at no-cost, offering individualized counseling and community-based opportunities to discuss PrEP use and changing sexual practices, and improving communication on the manageability of PrEP side-effects.
Abstract: The PrEP Cascade is a dominant framework for investigating barriers to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), an HIV prevention tool. We interviewed 37 PrEP users and 8 non-PrEP users in Ontario and British Columbia, Canada, about their decision-making through the Cascade. Participants were HIV-negative gay, bisexual, and queer men (GBQM). The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. PrEP decision-making was based on pragmatic considerations (logistics, costs, and systemic barriers), biomedical considerations (efficacy, side-effects, and sexually transmitted infections), and subjective considerations (identity, politics, and changing sexual preferences). Affective attachments to established versions of “safer sex” (condoms and serosorting) made some GBQM less likely to try PrEP. Some GBQM expressed increased social expectations to use PrEP, have condomless sex, and serodifferent sex. These findings support offering PrEP at no-cost, offering individualized counseling and community-based opportunities to discuss PrEP use and changing sexual practices, and improving communication on the manageability of PrEP side-effects.
3 citations
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Book•
03 Jun 2009
TL;DR: Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is an increasingly popular approach to qualitative inquiry as discussed by the authors and a handy text covers its theoretical foundations and provides a detailed guide to conducting IPA research.
Abstract: Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is an increasingly popular approach to qualitative inquiry. This handy text covers its theoretical foundations and provides a detailed guide to conducting IPA research.
Extended worked examples from the authors' own studies in health, sexuality, psychological distress and identity illustrate the breadth and depth of IPA research.
Each of the chapters also offers a guide to other good exemplars of IPA research in the designated area. The final section of the book considers how IPA connects with other contemporary qualitative approaches like discourse and narrative analysis and how it addresses issues to do with validity. The book is written in an accessible style and will be extremely useful to students and researchers in psychology and related disciplines in the health and social sciences.
7,151 citations
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to analyse 8 participants' experiences of rejection sensitivity and found that rejection sensitivity is the same concept as abandonment anxiety.
Abstract: Research demonstrates that rejection sensitivity develops through early, continuing, or acute experiences of rejection from caregivers and significant others. Rejection sensitivity refers to individuals who anxiously or angrily expect, readily perceive, and intensely react to rejection. The question regarding why rejection is feared by rejection sensitive individuals remains unanswered by existing rejection sensitivity literature. Therefore, the current study answers this question using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to analyse 8 participants' experiences of rejection sensitivity. Four superordinate themes emerged: `experiences of parenting'; `impact of rejection'; `coping with the concept of rejection'; and `identity'. The primary fundamental finding indicates that rejection sensitivity is the same concept as abandonment anxiety. Participants in the current study demonstrate both rejection sensitivity and abandonment anxiety. Furthermore, the origins and characteristics of both concepts are identified as the same. Therefore, these findings indicate that rejection is feared for the same reason that abandonment is feared. In childhood, abandonment is experienced as terrifying and therefore defences are adopted to avoid further abandonment. The concept of `past in present' means that childhood feelings can be timelessly re-experienced in adulthood as actual and unchanged. Therefore, later rejection situations are perceived as abandonment and accordingly alert an individual to impending danger. As a result, rejection is feared because it is perceived as abandonment and as a threat to survival. This finding is fundamental to the fields of rejection sensitivity and abandonment anxiety, in terms of research and therapeutic work with clients. Integrating existing literature provides much greater depth of knowledge and support for these concepts. Recommended therapeutic approaches for abandonment anxiety can also inform interventions for rejection sensitive clients. Findings also suggest that participants experience annihilation anxiety in relation to perceived rejection, which further increases fear. Clinical applications and implications with respect to the findings arc discussed.
3,365 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss two complementary commitments of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA): the phenomenological requirement to understand and give voice to the concerns of participants; and the interpretative requirement to contextualize and make sense of these claims and concerns from a psychological perspective.
Abstract: In this paper, we discuss two complementary commitments of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA): the phenomenological requirement to understand and ‘give voice’ to the concerns of participants; and the interpretative requirement to contextualize and ‘make sense’ of these claims and concerns from a psychological perspective. The methodological and conceptual bases for the relationship between these phenomenological and interpretative aspects of IPA appear to be underdeveloped in the literature. We, therefore, offer some thoughts on the basis of this relationship, and on its context within qualitative psychology. We discuss the epistemological range of IPA's interpretative focus, and its relationship to the more descriptive features of phenomenological analysis. In order to situate our conclusions within a contextualist position, we draw upon concepts from Heideggerian phenomenology. The argument is illustrated by excerpts from our own research on relationship break-up. We conclude by encouraging ...
1,850 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the recent development of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and show how it can help answer such questions, such as what it is like to experience auditory hallucinations, or chronic pain.
Abstract: Understanding experience is the very bread and butter of psychology, and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA: Smith, 1996) offers psychologists the opportunity to learn from the insights of the experts – research participants themselves. What is it like to experience auditory hallucinations, or chronic pain, for example? How can we better understand the decisions that people make, about issues as diverse as safe-sex practices, genetic testing, drug use or participation in dangerous sports? In this article we describe the recent development of IPA and show how it can help answer such questions.
1,162 citations
Book Chapter•
18 Dec 2007
894 citations
"Desiring intimacy and building comm..." refers background in this paper
...…phenomenological analysis, the researcher provides an interpretation which is subjective, influenced by context and culture and working under the assumption that interviewee experiences reflect a broader phenomenon as experienced in the context of each participant’s life (Yardley 2008)....
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...context of each participant’s life (Yardley 2008)....
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