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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Detection of transmission line faults in the presence of STATCOM using wavelets

TL;DR: In this article, wavelet transform technique is applied to detect fault in the transmission line with flexible alternating current transmission (FACTS) device, which is very fast and sensitive to high frequency signal is used to extract transients in these line currents for fault detection.
Abstract: In this paper, wavelet transform technique is applied to detect fault in the transmission line with flexible alternating current transmission (FACTS) device. Presence of FACTS device changes the system impedance and hence makes it difficult to detect faults on the line which may result into maloperation of relay. Three phase currents are monitored at both ends of the transmission line using global positioning system synchronizing clock. Wavelet transforms, which is very fast and sensitive to high frequency signal is used to extract transients in these line currents for fault detection. Fault index is calculated based on the sum of local and remote end detail coefficients and compared with threshold value to detect the fault. Proposed technique is tested for various faults and fault inception angles with and without static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) device. Simulation results are presented showing the selection of proper threshold value for fault detection.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel, protection algorithm based on wavelet-alienation-neural technique for STATCOM-compensated transmission system, validated for various faults at different locations with varying fault impedances and angles of fault incidence is introduced.
Abstract: The custom power devices play important role for enhancing the power transfer capacity of transmission system. However, these devices introduce challenges of under reach or over reach, in the protection of transmission system. This article introduces a novel, protection algorithm based on wavelet-alienation-neural technique for STATCOM-compensated transmission system. For detecting and classifying faults, approximate coefficients are computed from the postfault quarter cycle current waveforms. Fault index, which is summation of alienation coefficients (computed by approximate coefficients) of both the buses, is computed and compared with the threshold magnitude for detecting and classifying the different faults. For the determination of fault location, artificial neural network is applied, with input as three-phase approximate coefficients, evaluated from the voltage and current signals over a time duration of a quarter cycle. Robustness of the developed scheme has been validated for various faults at different locations with varying fault impedances and angles of fault incidence.

30 citations


Cites methods from "Detection of transmission line faul..."

  • ...The WT-based algorithm is reported in [15], [16], and [22]....

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  • ...Wavelet-based protection schemes for transmission line equipped with STATCOM and UPFC had been reported in [15] and [16], respectively....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new wavelet transform-based relay logic for fast and reliable detection, and classification of faults in a hybrid series-compensated long transmission line incorporating a passive series capacitor and static synchronous series compensator with energy storage device (SSSC-ES).
Abstract: Series compensation is generally used with long transmission lines to increase power transfer through the line and to enhance system stability. In the case of voltage source converter-based series flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controller, an energy storage device can be incorporated at the DC bus which further improves control of real and reactive power flow. However, four-quadrant operation of FACTS controllers with energy storage device poses new challenges for the operation, control and protection of power system. Most commonly used protection scheme for long transmission lines, the distance relay, may not be reliable in case of lines compensated with series FACTS controllers. This paper proposes a new wavelet transform-based relay logic for fast and reliable detection, and classification of faults in a hybrid series-compensated long transmission line incorporating a passive series capacitor and static synchronous series compensator with energy storage device (SSSC-ES). The proposed relay logic is also able to accurately estimate the location of fault, and a wavelet transform-based boundary condition is used to discriminate between internal and external faults. It is shown through various simulation case studies that the four-quadrant operation of SSSC and fault resistance have negligible impact on the performance of the wavelet transform-based relay.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new single-end scheme to locate and protect faults on the compensated transmission line using the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is presented and the impact of UPFC on Traveling Waves (TW) that pass through the UPFC location is evaluated.
Abstract: This paper presents a new single-end scheme to locate and protect faults on the compensated transmission line using the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). The UPFC controllers have remarkable effects on the transient and steady-state components of the voltage and current signals. First of all, this study evaluates the impact of UPFC on Traveling Waves (TW) that pass through the UPFC location. Following that, the effects of UPFC’s harmonic on conventional protections will be investigated using the TW theory. A single-end method will be presented in the next stage to protect and locate the faults on the compensated transmission lines with UPFC. Moreover, an extraction technique (i.e., Discrete Wavelet Transform [DWT]) is used to process the current and voltage signals. As a branch of mathematics, cooperative game is employed in this study to represent the strategic interaction of different players in a context by predefined rules and outcomes. Additionally, this study made use of this theory to distinguish the extracted TWs from each other. The proposed method is assessed considering different fault situations with great variations in operating conditions accompanied by a UPFC placed at the midpoint of the line.

2 citations

References
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Book
24 Dec 1999
TL;DR: The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS)—a new technology based on power electronics—offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of ac transmission systems.

4,217 citations


"Detection of transmission line faul..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) controllers [1], [2] are employed in the system to improve the utilization of transmission system and minimize the gap between the stability limit and thermal limit....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a multiresolution signal decomposition technique is used to detect and localize transient events and furthermore classify different power quality disturbances, which can also be used to distinguish among similar disturbances.
Abstract: The wavelet transform is introduced as a powerful tool for monitoring power quality problems generated due to the dynamic performance of industrial plants. The paper presents a multiresolution signal decomposition technique as an efficient method in analyzing transient events. The multiresolution signal decomposition has the ability to detect and localize transient events and furthermore classify different power quality disturbances. It can also be used to distinguish among similar disturbances.

603 citations


"Detection of transmission line faul..." refers background in this paper

  • ...The signal can be represented in terms of both the scaling and wavelet function [12] as follows: 1 / 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )2 (2 ) 0 J j j f t c n t n d n t n J j n n j φ ψ − = − + − ∑ ∑ ∑ = (1)...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the first tutorial on the general subject of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) is presented, which gives an overview of the area and explains why FACTS devices are needed.
Abstract: This is the first of four tutorials on the general subject of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS). This tutorial gives an overview of the area and explains why FACTS devices are needed. Future tutorials will describe methods of controlling and compensating AC transmission lines, FACTS based on thyristors and FACTS devices based on GTOs.

388 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the performance equation of a high speed distance relay which is based upon the theory of symmetrical components, and a single equation was shown to be adequate for handling all types of faults which are likely to occur on a three-phase power system.
Abstract: The paper derives the performance equation of a high speed distance relay which is based upon the theory of symmetrical components. A single equation is shown to be adequate for handling all types of faults which are likely to occur on a three-phase power system. Errors created by system loading and fault-path resistance are considered. A numerical example illustrates the principle of operation of the relay. The relay is especially suited to a digital computer based protection system.

185 citations


"Detection of transmission line faul..." refers background in this paper

  • ...This in turn will affect the performance of existing protection scheme used for distance relays [3], [4]....

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  • ...The effect of different types of FACTS devices on distance protection of transmission lines has been reported [3],[4],[8],[9] and most of the work is based on the performance evaluation of stand-alone distance protection....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) on the impedance-based protection relays in a power system containing a flexible alternating current transmission (FACTS) controller is investigated.
Abstract: This paper presents analytical and simulation results for investigating the operation of impedance-based protection relays in a power system containing a flexible alternating current transmission (FACTS) controller such as the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). The analyses are based on steady-state operation for modeling the STATCOM and the protection relays. The impact of the FACTS device on protection relays is studied for normal operating conditions as well as for fault conditions under different loading levels. Results for a case study are given.

154 citations


"Detection of transmission line faul..." refers background in this paper

  • ...The effect of different types of FACTS devices on distance protection of transmission lines has been reported [3],[4],[8],[9] and most of the work is based on the performance evaluation of stand-alone distance protection....

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