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Journal ArticleDOI

Development of 3-D Finite Element Models for Geo-Jute Reinforced Flexible Pavement

26 Feb 2019-Civil Engineering Journal (Italian Journal of Science and Engineering)-Vol. 5, Iss: 2, pp 437-446
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of geo-textile interlayer on the performance of flexible pavement is evaluated and compared for three specific positions, i.e., subgrade-base interface, base-asphalt layer interface, and within asphalt layers.
Abstract: In this study, three dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis are performed to evaluate the effect of geo-textile interlayer on the performance of flexible pavement. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the improvement in stress distribution of flexible pavement due to the application of geo-jute at three specific positions i.e., subgrade-base interface, base-asphalt layer interface, and within asphalt layers. Stress, strain and displacement values are investigated and compared for the application of geo-jute interlayer on various positions. Moreover, to better understand the mechanistic behavior of geo-jute on pavement subgrade, a separate 3-D finite element model is developed to simulate the California bearing ratio (CBR) test on geo-jute reinforced soil. Results showed that the inclusion of geo-jute on flexible pavement significantly improves the pavement performance by producing lower stress, strain, and displacement at top of the subgrade. Moreover, the bearing capacity of subgrade soil increased more than 20% due to the inclusion of geo-jute.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a pavement proposed on soft subgrade (SG) that requires improvement is studied and reported, and one of the methods of improvement is reinforcing SG with geotextile.
Abstract: In this paper, pavement proposed on soft subgrade (SG) that requires improvement is studied and reported. One of the methods of improvement is reinforcing SG with geotextile. Laboratory studies wer...

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a series of small-scale in-box plate load tests were performed to investigate the behavior of coir geotextile reinforced high plastic organic soil under circular loading.
Abstract: Reinforcing flexible pavements using different types of geosynthetics is a technique that is widely used to increase the service life, reduce the maintenance costs and, guarantee high performance throughout the service life. This paper presents the insights from combined experimental and numerical analysis conducted on organic soil reinforced with coir geotextiles. A series of small-scale in-box plate load tests were performed to investigate the behavior of coir geotextile reinforced high plastic organic soil under circular loading. Tests were conducted on both homogeneous (sub grade alone) and layered configurations. Two types of commercially available woven coir geotextiles viz. H2M5 and H2M6, were utilized to study the contribution of coir geotextiles when used as reinforcement at the interface of sub-base and subgrade layers in enhancing the strength and stiffness of the low volume road. The primary objective of this exploratory study is to investigate the improvement in the performance of the low volume pavement as a result of the added geotextile reinforcement. The key performance parameters, namely, displacement, stress and strain responses of both reinforced and unreinforced pavement sections are obtained by analyzing the pavement using ABAQUS, which is a software suite for Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. Test results indicate that the coir geotextile reinforcement substantially improved the performance of high plastic organic subgrade. A maximum reduction of 38% and 24% in vertical strain was observed on top of the subgrade in the case of H2M5 and H2M6 coir geotextile reinforced sections, respectively. Also, a maximum reduction of 30% and 18% in vertical displacement was observed in the case of H2M5 and H2M6 coir reinforced sections, respectively. At an average radial distance of about 1 m from the center of simulated static wheel load, very small displacement and strain value were observed for reinforced sections, relative to the unreinforced sections. Hence, the conclusion is drawn that the H2M5 type of coir geotextile contributes more than the H2M6 type to the structural performance improvement of pavements when used as reinforcement.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To study the dynamic response of saturated asphalt pavement under moving load and temperature load, 3-D finite element models were built based on the porous media theory and Biot theory to show that both the curves of the effective stress and the pore-water pressure versus the external loads have similar patterns.
Abstract: To study the dynamic response of saturated asphalt pavement under moving load and temperature load, 3-D finite element models for asphalt pavements with hydro-mechanical coupling and thermal-hydro-mechanical coupling were built based on the porous media theory and Biot theory. First, the asphalt pavement structure was considered as an ideal saturated fluid⁻solid biphasic porous medium. Following this, the spatial distribution and the change law of the pore-water pressure with time, the transverse stress, and the vertical displacement response of the asphalt pavement under different speeds, loading times, and temperatures were investigated. The simulation results show that both the curves of the effective stress and the pore-water pressure versus the external loads have similar patterns. The damage of the asphalt membrane is mainly caused by the cyclic effect of positive and negative pore-water pressure. Moreover, the peak value of pore-water pressure is affected by the loading rate and the loading time, and both have positive exponential effects on the pore-water pressure. In addition, the transverse stress of the upper layer pavement is deeply affected by the temperature load, which is more likely to cause as transverse crack in the pavement, resulting in the formation of temperature cracks on the road surface. The vertical stress at the middle point in the upper layer of the saturated asphalt pavement, under the action of the temperature load and the driving load, shows a single peak.

7 citations


Cites background from "Development of 3-D Finite Element M..."

  • ...The improvement in reduction in stress, strain, and displacement due to geo-jute is more significant when higher wheel pressure is applied [36]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of crack type, position and length, and vehicles tire inflation pressure and axle load on the performance of cracked asphalt pavement has been analyzed using 3D Finite Elements method in ABAQUS Moving load of standard single axle with different loads and tire pressures have been used in the analysis Standard 82 ton single axle load at different tire pressures of 552(80), 690(100), 828(120), and 1035(150) kPa(psi) and single axle at different loads of 5, 82 and 15 ton, all
Abstract: Occurrence of top down and bottom up fatigue cracking in asphaltic pavements is common Conventional pavement analysis methods ignore the existence of cracks in asphaltic layers However, it seems that the responses of cracked pavement would not be the same as a pavement without crack This paper describes effects of crack type, position and length, and vehicles tire inflation pressure and axle load on the performance of cracked asphalt pavement Tensile strain at the bottom of asphaltic layer, the vertical strain on subgrade, maximum deflection on the surface, rut depth and the stress intensity factors of cracked pavement, with top down and bottom up crack have been computed using 3D Finite Elements method in ABAQUS Moving load of standard single axle with different loads and tire pressures have been used in the analysis Standard 82 ton single axle load at different tire pressures of 552(80), 690(100), 828(120) and 1035(150) kPa(psi) and single axle at different loads of 5, 82 and 15 ton, all at the same tire pressure of 690 kPa, have been used Results show that the pavement responses increase with increasing tire pressure and axle load with higher values and rate of increase with increasing tire pressure and axle load for the cracked pavement compared with the pavement without crack For the pavement structure investigated in this study, it was found that, in general, top down crack results in higher responses than bottom up crack

3 citations


Cites methods from "Development of 3-D Finite Element M..."

  • ...Multilayer linear or non-linear elastic or viscoelastic and finite elements method are the common methods used for flexible pavement analysis (Taherkhani and Jalali, 2018; Rahman et al., 2019; Alae et al., 2019)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a single-lap joint with a combination of steel adherends and three different structural adhesives with different thickness and Young's modulus was modeled using the FE ANSYS©19 software.
Abstract: Adhesive joints find numerous applications in various industrial fields. They represent a valid alternative to traditional joining methods. Much of the available scientific literature has focused on the study of adhesive joints subjected to tensile loads. There have also been numerous studies concerning the stresses distributions in the adhesive layer. However, in real case applications, adhesive joints could also be subject to cyclic tensile-compression loads and therefore could be subject to buckling phenomena. The objective of the present paper is to investigate the numerical study of the stress distribution in the adhesive layer under buckling condition. The study presented develops with the analysis of a single-lap joint with a combination of steel adherends and three different structural adhesives with different thickness and Young’s modulus. The joints are modeled using FE ANSYS©19 software. Through numerical analyzes, it is possible to predict the value of the critical load for each single analyzed combination. Once the critical load is determined, the stresses in the middle plane of the adhesive layer are determined. The results obtained show that for small adhesive thicknesses (i.e. 0.30 mm) it is possible to reduce the stress peaks - with the same critical load value - by using structural adhesives with low elastic modulus (e.g. silicones).

3 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the mechanical properties of woven jute fabric-reinforced composites using hand lay-up techniques as per the ASTM standard, including tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength, inplane shear strength, interlaminar shear and hardness.
Abstract: This research work is concerned with the evaluation of the mechanical properties—modulus, Poisson's ratio and strength—of woven jute fabric-reinforced composites. The specimens are prepared using hand lay-up techniques as per the ASTM standard. This is the first report by any single group of researchers in which tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength, inplane shear strength, interlaminar shear strength and hardness are given. This work being an experimental study on untreated (`as received' jute fabric) woven jute fabric-reinforced polyester composites, demonstrates the potential of this renewable source of natural fibre for use in a number of consumable goods.

517 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a general theory of stresses and displacements in a two-layer system is developed in order to provide the engineer with a useful tool which is more directly applicable to the analysis of actual conditions encountered in soil deposits.
Abstract: The problems of airport and foundation engineering have become increasingly important in the war construction program. These problems frequently involve the consideration of stresses and settlements in layered soil deposits. The well‐known Boussinesq equations apply strictly only to homogeneous soil deposits. The general theory of stresses and displacements in a twolayer system is developed in order to provide the engineer with a useful tool which is more directly applicable to the analysis of actual conditions encountered in soil deposits. The basic equations of stresses and settlements are derived. The numerical evaluation of the surface settlement equation for the simplest case of Poisson's ratio equal to one‐half has been completed as the first of a series, and is presented in the form of influence curves for the analysis of practical problems.

508 citations


"Development of 3-D Finite Element M..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...To overcome this limitation, Burmister developed two- and three-layer system, where tangential and radial stresses are considered as identical on the axis of symmetry [3, 4]....

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01 Jan 1944
TL;DR: In this paper, the theory of stress in a two-layered system was developed in accordance with the MATHEMATICAL Theory of ELASTICITY and is presented in order to reveal some of the fundamental relations existing between the PHYSICAL FACTORS, which control the LOAD-SETTLEMENT RELATIONS.
Abstract: THEORIES OF LAYERED SOIL DEPOSITS ARE REVIEWED. THE THEORY OF STRESSES ARE DISPLACEMENTS IN A TWO-LAYERED SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE METHODS OF THE MATHEMATICAL THEORY OF ELASTICITY AND IS PRESENTED IN ORDER TO REVEAL SOME OF THE FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONS EXISTING BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL FACTORS, WHICH CONTROL THE LOAD-SETTLEMENT RELATIONS, AND IN ORDER TO PROVIDE A PRACTICAL METHOD OF ANALYSIS FOR THE DESIGN OF AIRPORT RUNWAYS. THE THEORY REVEALS THE CONTROLLING INFLUENCE OF TWO IMPORTANT RATIOS ON THE LOAD-SETTLEMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TWO-LAYER SYSTEM: (1) THE RATIO OF THE RADIUS OF THE BEARING AREA TO THE THICKNESS OF THE REINFORCING OR PAVEMENT LAYER, AND (2) THE RATIO OF THE MODULUS OF THE SUBGRADE TO THAT OF THE PAVEMENT, FOR PRACTICAL DESIGN PURPOSES, THE THEORETICAL RESULTS WERE EVALUATED NUMERICALLY AND EXPRESSED IN BASIC INFLUENCE CURVES, GIVING VALUES OF THE SETTLEMENT COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF THESE BASIC RATIOS. THE SETTLEMENT COEFFICIENT IS APPLIED AS A SIMPLE MULTIPLYING OR CORRECTION FACTOR TO THE BOUSSINESQ EQUATION FOR SURFACE SETTLEMENT AT THE CENTER OF A CIRCULAR FLEXIBLE BEARING AREA. THE DESIGN FOR AIRPORT RUNWAYS INVOLVES THE SELECTION OF SUITABLE TYPES OF PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND THE DETERMINATION BY THE INFLUENCE CURVES FOR THE TWO-LAYER SYSTEM OF THE THICKNESS REQUIRED TO GIVE ADEQUATE SUPPORT TO AIRPLANE WHEEL LOADS AND REASONABLE LENGTH OF SERVICE. FIELD LOAD TEST CHECKS OF QUALITY AND STRENGTH CAN BE MADE DURING CONSTRUCTION ON: (1) THE NATURAL SUBGRADE TO DETERMINE TENTATIVELY THE THICKNESS OF BASE COURSE AND PAVEMENT REQUIRED, (2) TOP OF THE BASE COURSE TO CHECK THE QUALITY AND STRENGTH AT THIS STAGE OF CONSTRUCTION, AND (3) TOP OF THE FINISHED PAVEMENT TO CHECK THE EFFECTIVE SUPPORTING CAPACITY OF THE WHOLE PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION.

231 citations


"Development of 3-D Finite Element M..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...To overcome this limitation, Burmister developed two- and three-layer system, where tangential and radial stresses are considered as identical on the axis of symmetry [3, 4]....

    [...]

Journal Article
TL;DR: ABAQUS, a three-dimensional, dynamic finite element program (3D-DFEM), was used to analyze flexible pavements subjected to moving loads at various speeds as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Predominantly flexible pavement structural response to loads is predicted by using an elastic multilayer analysis. This type of analysis is based on the assumption that pavements are subjected to static loads and that paving and subgrade materials are linear elastic materials. In this paper, ABAQUS, a three-dimensional, dynamic finite element program (3D-DFEM), was used to analyze flexible pavements subjected to moving loads at various speeds. A number of material models were used to represent actual material characteristics such as viscoelasticity and elastoplasticity. The validity and then the application of 3D-DFEM to flexible pavement analysis were examined. Validation was accomplished by analysis of both static and dynamic cases. The static and dynamic verification studies indicated that 3D-DFEM can be used with confidence to predict actual pavement response from moving loads.

163 citations


"Development of 3-D Finite Element M..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Material property used for this study are shown in Table 1, which is taken from a previous literature [40]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed neuro‐fuzzy model showed good generalization capability, and the evaluation of the model performance produced satisfactory results, demonstrating the efficiency and potential of these new mathematical modeling techniques.
Abstract: : Government agencies and consulting companies in charge of pavement management face the challenge of maintaining pavements in serviceable conditions throughout their life from the functional and structural standpoints. For this, the assessment and prediction of the pavement conditions are crucial. This study proposes a neuro-fuzzy model to predict the performance of flexible pavements using the parameters routinely collected by agencies to characterize the condition of an existing pavement. These parameters are generally obtained by performing falling weight deflectometer tests and monitoring the development of distresses on the pavement surface. The proposed hybrid model for predicting pavement performance was characterized by multilayer, feedforward neural networks that led the reasoning process of the IF-THEN fuzzy rules. The results of the neuro-fuzzy model were superior to those of the linear regression model in terms of accuracy in the approximation. The proposed neuro-fuzzy model showed good generalization capability, and the evaluation of the model performance produced satisfactory results, demonstrating the efficiency and potential of these new mathematical modeling techniques.

128 citations


"Development of 3-D Finite Element M..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Both functional and structural performance are considered to design pavement sections [6, 7]....

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