Development of High Strength Natural Fibre based Composite Plates for Potential Application in Retrofitting of RC Structure
21 Jul 2015-Indian journal of science and technology (Indian Society for Education and Environment)-Vol. 8, Iss: 15, pp 70878
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed high strength natural fibre based composite plates for the possible application in strengthening of reinforced concrete structure using 6% NaOH solution to enhance the tensile strength of fabricated plates.
Abstract: The potential application of green fibre based composite plate in retrofitting of structure is growing up in construction industry nowadays. The aim of this research was to develop high strength natural fibre based composite plates for the possible application in strengthening of reinforced concrete structure. The plates were fabricated using kenaf fibre, jute fibre and jute rope respectively. The fibres and rope were chemically treated using 6% NaOH solution to enhance the tensile strength of fabricated plates. In fabrication process, a special technique was applied to compact the treated and untreated fibres to obtain the highest tensile strength of composite plates. The physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated composite plates were then experimentally investigated. In general, results showed that the chemical treatments had an influence to enhance the tensile strength of the plates. The tensile strength of composite plates with treated kenaf fibre, jute fibre and jute rope were 137 MPa, 136 MPa and 113 MPa respectively. While those of untreated kenaf fibre, jute fibre and jute ropes were 131 MPa, 136 MPa and 110 MPa respectively. Kenaf and jute fibre composite plates had shown higher tensile strengths as compared to those of jute rope. The natural fibre composite plates were found to be linearly elastic in nature and had shown brittle failure. The moisture content and the water absorption of the plates with treated fibres were found to be lower as compared to those of untreated fibres. In terms of tensile strength of fabricated plates, kenaf, jute and jute rope composite plates could be used in retrofitting of structures.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of cellulosic fiber fabrics and their fabric reinforced polymer composites as reinforcement materials within and/or outside of construction materials (e.g. concrete) for civil engineering applications.
Abstract: Environmentally-friendly monofilament cellulosic fibres have been widely used as alternatives for conventional steel reinforcement within concrete. Recently, the use of cellulosic fibre fabrics and their fabric reinforced polymer composites as reinforcement materials within and/or outside of construction materials (e.g. concrete) has gained popularity due to their inexpensive cost and favourable specific mechanical properties compared with synthetic fibre fabrics (e.g. E-glass). This review presents a summary of recent development on cellulosic fibre Fabric Reinforced Cementitious (FRC) and Fabric Reinforced Geopolymer (FRG) composites, as well as their cellulosic Fabric Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites as reinforcements of concrete, masonry and timber structures for civil engineering applications. This review covers: (1) properties (i.e. chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties and cost) of monofilament cellulosic fibres and their comparison with synthetic fibres, the relationship between fibre chemical composition and fibre mechanical properties, parameters affect fibre properties; (2) properties (e.g. fabrication of monofilament fibres to fabrics and structures) of cellulosic fibre fabrics, properties of polymer matrices, and properties (i.e. flexural, tensile, impact, insulation and fire properties) of cellulosic fabric FRP composites; and (3) properties (compressive, flexural and tensile and impact properties) of cellulosic FRC and FRG composites, and the properties of cellulosic FRP composites reinforced concrete, masonry and timber structures. In addition, the degradation mechanisms of cellulosic FRC and FRP are discussed. Furthermore, the durability of FRC, FRG and FRP composites are reviewed and the methods to improve the durability of FRC, FRG and FRP composites from the aspects of fibre modification and matrix modification are reviewed and summarized.
401 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of natural fibers on aligning architectural production, both aesthetically and technologically, with the site's local culture, economy, natural diversity and geographic singularities is discussed.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental study was carried out to study the flexural behavior of high strength concrete of grade M60 using Hooked end steel fibers, polyolefin straight fibers in various volume fractions.
Abstract: Objectives: An experimental study was carried out to study the flexural behavior of high strength concrete of Grade M60 using Hooked end steel fibers, polyolefin straight fibers in various volume fractions. Methods: Hooked end Steel fibers were added into the high strength concrete at volume fraction of 1%, and 2%, steel and polyolefin fibers were added 80% - 20% and 60% - 40% combination at each volume fraction in order to cast steel fiber (single) reinforced high strength concrete and hybrid fiber (combination of steel & polyolefin) reinforced high strength concrete specimens. The steel mould of size 100 x100 x 500 mm was used for casting of all specimens. Specimen cast with high strength concrete of grade M60 was treated as a control specimen. Other Specimens were treated as study parameters. Findings: All the specimens were tested under third point loading, deflections were measured by using dial gauge at mid span. Deflection ductility calculated from load deflection curve and toughness Indices calculated as per ASTM C 1018-97. The test results Shows that hybrid fiber of volume fraction 2% with Steel 80% -polyolefin 20% combination specimen improves the flexural performance appreciably compared with that of control specimen and steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete specimens . Applications: The use Hybrid fiber reinforced high strength concrete in structural components investigated by various researchers includes columns, Beams, slabs, and Beam-column joints. The primary contribution of fibers is in the area of ductility. Hence most of the studies were focused on evaluating the ductility and energy absorption capacity.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the finding of an experimental study on jute rope fibre hybrid composite plates for potential application in shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beam, which showed that carbon contents had an influence to enhance the tensile strength of the plates.
Abstract: Application of natural fibre based composite plate in retrofitting of structure is the current interest of construction industry. This paper presents the finding of an experimental study on jute rope fibre hybrid composite plates for potential application in shear strengthening of RC beam. In the experimental programme, hybrid composite plates had been fabricated using jute rope and carbon fibres with five different mixes i.e. 45% jute rope with 0% carbon; 43% jute rope with 2.5% carbon; 41% jute rope with 5% carbon; 41% jute rope with 7.5% carbon and 39% jute rope with 10% carbon.The physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated hybrid composite plates were thenexperimentally investigated. Results showed thatcarbon contents had an influence to enhance the tensile strength of the plates. Hybrid composite plate with 10% carbon content had shown 170% higher tensile strength as compared to that of plate without carbon fibre. The carbon content also had enhanced the modulus of elasticity of plates. Higher percentage of carbon had shown higher tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of hybrid composite plates.All fabricated plates had linear elastic properties under tension. The density of plates increased with the increasing of carbon content in composite plates. The research findings indicated that the developed hybrid composite jute rope could be used for shearstrengthening of reinforced concrete beam.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a sisal epoxy hybrid composite was fabricated by hand layout process and the results proved that composite with equal fibre ratio of glass and sisal (50:50) has improved the mechanical properties than composite with minimum percentage of sisal fiber.
Abstract: Objectives: The recent development in materials replaces automotive and aerospace components with composites. Among composites, natural fiber composites play a vital role due to their properties like bio-degradability, low strength to weight ratio and ease of manufacturing. Method: In this work, sisal epoxy hybrid composite was fabricated by hand layout process. Initially, releasing agent is applied on the top surface of the mould over which Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) is placed. On GFRP, apply resin hardener mixer over which sisal is placed. Again GFRP layer is kept on sisal. Findings: The result shows that, breaking load of double shear test is increased from 1.02 to 1.43 kN. Hardness value increased from 76.2 to 88.2. The results of inter de lamination test also increased from s 7.96 to 8.52 kN. Above results proved that composite with equal fibre ratio of glass and sisal (50:50) has improved the mechanical properties than composite with minimum percentage of sisal fiber. Applications: The material developed is suitable for automotive bumper application. Also, it may be used as partition and load carrying medium in railway and marine application.
14 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, natural fibres (sisal, kenaf, hemp, jute and coir) reinforced polypropylene composites were processed by compression molding using a film stacking method.
2,161 citations
01 Sep 2001
TL;DR: In this article, natural fibres (sisal, kenaf, hemp, jute and coir) reinforced polypropylene composites were processed by compression molding using a film stacking method.
Abstract: In this work, natural fibres (sisal, kenaf, hemp, jute and coir) reinforced polypropylene composites were processed by compression moulding using a film stacking method. The mechanical properties of the different natural fibre composites were tested and compared. A further comparison was made with the corresponding properties of glass mat reinforced polypropylene composites from the open literature. Kenaf, hemp and sisal composites showed comparable tensile strength and modulus results but in impact properties hemp appears to out-perform kenaf. The tensile modulus, impact strength and the ultimate tensile stress of kenaf reinforced polypropylene composites were found to increase with increasing fibre weight fraction. Coir fibre composites displayed the lowest mechanical properties, but their impact strength was higher than that of jute and kenaf composites. In most cases the specific properties of the natural fibre composites were found to compare favourably with those of glass.
1,963 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the previous work involving mechanical properties of kenaf fibre reinforced polymer composites is presented to provide a perfect source of literature for doing further research in this topic to explore it as construction and building materials.
422 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a 5% alkali solution treatment for 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h at 30°C was applied to jute fibres to improve flexural strength and modulus.
Abstract: Jute fibres were subjected to a 5% alkali (NaOH) solution treatment for 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h at 30°C. An improvement in the crystallinity in the jute fibres increased its modulus by 12%, 68% and 79% after 4, 6 and 8 h of treatment respectively. The tenacity of the fibres improved by 46% after 6 and 8 h treatment and the % breaking strain was reduced by 23% after 8 h treatment. For the 35% composites with 4 h treated fibres, the flexural strength improved from 199.1 MPa to 238.9 MPa by 20%, modulus improved from 11.89 GPa to 14.69 GPa by 23% and laminar shear strength increased from 0.238 MPa to 0.2834 MPa by 19%. On plotting the different values of slopes obtained from the rates of improvement of the flexural strength and modulus, against the NaOH treatment time, two different failure modes were apparent before and after 4 h of treatment. In the first region between 0 and 4 h, fibre pull out was predominant whereas in the second region between 6 and 8 h, transverse fracture occurred with a minimum fibre pull out. This observation was well supported by the SEM investigations of the fracture surfaces.
383 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the flexural properties of unidirectional long kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy (KFRE) composites are studied and the failure mechanism and damage features of the materials were categorized with the surface observation by scanning electron microscope (SEM).
295 citations