Development of Large Current Capacity MgB 2 Conductors as a Potential Application of Large-Scale SMES Magnets
01 Jan 2021-Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan (公益社団法人 低温工学・超電導学会 (旧 社団法人 低温工学協会))-Vol. 56, Iss: 5, pp 269-276
About: This article is published in Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan.The article was published on 2021-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 3 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Scale (ratio).
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01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter has been installed and commissioned at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) substation in Tacoma, Washington as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter has been installed and commissioned at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) substation in Tacoma, Washington. This is the first large-scale application in the US of superconductivity in an electric utility system. The unit, which is capable of absorbing and releasing up to 10 MJ of energy at a frequency of 0.35 Hz, was designed to damp the dominant power swing mode of the Pacific AC Intertie. This paper describes the electrical characteristics of the magnetic energy storage unit, its modes of operation, results of device tests, means for controlling real and reactive power, and some initial power system response tests. A short summary of the operating history of the unit over the first eleven months is also presented.
174 citations
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, an advanced superconducting power conditioning system (ASPCS) composed of Electrolyzer-Hydrogen-FC and SMES cooled with liquid hydrogen from a station for vehicles is proposed.
Abstract: It is an urgent issue to reduce global carbon-dioxide in the world, and hence the renewable energy, that is environmentally friendly, should be supplied as a large amount of the electric power. Since installation of a large amount of the fluctuating renewable energy, such as wind turbine and photovoltaic, will cause the power utility network unstable, we propose an advanced superconducting power conditioning system (ASPCS) that is composed of Electrolyzer-Hydrogen-FC and SMES cooled with liquid hydrogen from a station for vehicles. The ASPCS has a function of compensating the fluctuating renewable energy with SMES that has quick response and large I/O power, and with that has moderate response and large capacity. The SMES is wound with superconductor with a critical temperature of 39 K from an economical point of view, because it is cooled with through a thermo-siphon system to keep safety against a flammable gas. The ASPCS effectively fulfills a power balance by applying a statistical prediction method of Kalman filter algorithm. The capacity of SMES is optimized by using the trend prediction for a number of wind power data. The overall electric efficiency of the ASPCS is evaluated for a typical wind generator.
5 citations
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article , a model of superconducting magnet energy storage device has been fabricated to demonstrate its cooling scheme by using liquid hydrogen flow through thermosiphon loops, and performance test was carried out by actually supplying liquid hydrogen.
Abstract: A model of superconducting magnet energy storage device has been fabricated to demonstrate its cooling scheme by using liquid hydrogen flow through thermosiphon loops. A stack of three double pancake coils wound with MgB2 Rutherford cables are in thermal contact with thermosiphon pipes through pure copper plates which cover the each pancake coil surface. To prevent eddy current from being induced in the copper plates, the latter are slit into strips. After completion of the model device, performance test was carried out by actually supplying liquid hydrogen. The coil has been kept at a temperature lower than 21 K and has been charged up to a nominal current of 600 A. On the other hand, a large amount of evaporation of liquid hydrogen due to oscillation of some sort and gradual temperature rise at the coil terminals resulting in quench were observed, and these issues should be resolved in the future.
2 citations
References
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01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter has been installed and commissioned at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) substation in Tacoma, Washington as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter has been installed and commissioned at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) substation in Tacoma, Washington. This is the first large-scale application in the US of superconductivity in an electric utility system. The unit, which is capable of absorbing and releasing up to 10 MJ of energy at a frequency of 0.35 Hz, was designed to damp the dominant power swing mode of the Pacific AC Intertie. This paper describes the electrical characteristics of the magnetic energy storage unit, its modes of operation, results of device tests, means for controlling real and reactive power, and some initial power system response tests. A short summary of the operating history of the unit over the first eleven months is also presented.
174 citations
TL;DR: A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter has been installed and commissioned at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) substation in Tacoma, Washington as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter has been installed and commissioned at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) substation in Tacoma, Washington. This is the first large-scale application in the US of superconductivity in an electric utility system. The unit, which is capable of absorbing and releasing up to 10 MJ of energy at a frequency of 0.35 Hz, was designed to damp the dominant power swing mode of the Pacific AC Intertie. This paper describes the electrical characteristics of the magnetic energy storage unit, its modes of operation, results of device tests, means for controlling real and reactive power, and some initial power system response tests. A short summary of the operating history of the unit over the first eleven months is also presented.
171 citations
TL;DR: The potential for MgB2 superconductors in a variety of commercial applications: magnetic resonance imaging, fault current limiters, transformers, motors, generators, adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators, magnetic separation, magnetic levitation, superconducting magnetic energy storage, and high-energy physics applications.
Abstract: Since 2001, when magnesium diboride (MgB2) was first reported to have a transition temperature of 39 K, conductor development has progressed to where MgB2 superconductor wire in kilometer-long piece-lengths has been demonstrated in coil form. Now that the wire is available commercially, work has started on demonstrating a MgB2 wire in superconducting devices. This article discusses the progress on MgB2 conductor and coil development, and the potential for MgB2 superconductors in a variety of commercial applications: magnetic resonance imaging, fault current limiters, transformers, motors, generators, adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators, magnetic separation, magnetic levitation, superconducting magnetic energy storage, and high-energy physics applications.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal and electromagnetic characterization and the achieved targets of the first prototype, evaluated on a long term activity period, are reported and a comparison with the previous ones.
Abstract: Following a dedicated R&D program, ASG Superconductors has recently developed techniques for designing and constructing open cryogen free MRI magnets, refrigerated by two double stage cryocoolers only. The magnet consists of two coils both made with six double pancakes, each double pancake being obtained reacting and winding 1600 m of multifilamentary, copper-stabilized MgB2 tape supplied by Columbus Superconductors. Here we report the thermal and electromagnetic characterization and the achieved targets of the first prototype, evaluated on a long term activity period. The MRI images, acquired starting from November 2006, further demonstrate the accomplishment of remarkable magnet performances. In parallel to the long term tests on the first prototype, ASG Superconductors has designed and constructed a second MRI magnet with improved characteristics. We present here the related test results and a comparison with the previous ones.
89 citations
CERN1
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the R&D program that has been launched by CERN, with special attention to the development of novel types of cables made from MgB2 and high temperature superconductors (Bi-2223 and REBCO).
Abstract: In the framework of the upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) machine, new superconducting lines are being developed for the feeding of the LHC magnets. The proposed electrical layout envisages the location of the power converters in surface buildings, and the transfer of the current from the surface to the LHC tunnel, where the magnets are located, via superconducting links containing tens of cables feeding different circuits and transferring altogether more than 150 kA. Depending on the location, the links will have a length ranging from 300 m to 500 m, and they will span a vertical distance of about 80 m. An overview of the R&D program that has been launched by CERN is presented, with special attention to the development of novel types of cables made from MgB2 and high temperature superconductors (Bi-2223 and REBCO) and to the results of the tests performed on prototype links. Plans for future activities are presented, together with a timeline for potential future integration in the LHC machine.
76 citations