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Journal ArticleDOI

Development of Solar‐Pumped Lasers and Its Application

01 Apr 2017-Electrical Engineering in Japan (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd)-Vol. 199, Iss: 2, pp 3-9
About: This article is published in Electrical Engineering in Japan.The article was published on 2017-04-01. It has received 5 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Solar power & Solar-pumped laser.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a compact solar-pumped laser (SPL) employing a rigid 76.2"mm caliber paraboloidal mirror and a 10"mm-long, 1"mm diameter Cr, Nd-doped YAG ceramic rod was developed to realize more stable oscillation performance by introducing rapid cooling by free/natural air convection.

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the possibility of reducing metal oxide in a metal by using high-voltage pulses in order to save electrical consumption power compared with conventional methods that use high-temperature and high-pressure plasma such as arc discharge.
Abstract: Metal nanoparticles have become attractive as original materials for nano-inks and nano-pastes, which are used in printed electronics. Synthesizing various metal nanoparticles has been researched. We investigated the possibility of reducing metal oxide in a metal by using high-voltage pulses in this paper. This method should save electrical consumption power compared with conventional methods that use high-temperature and high-pressure plasma such as arc discharge. Reduced Al nanoparticles were obtained by applying high-voltage pulses to solutions. By analyzing elements and the composition of reduced Al nanoparticles by STEM and EDX, a large amount of reduced Al nanoparticles with diameters of a few 100 nm and thin oxide film of around 1 nm on metal surfaces were produced in experiments for reducing Al oxide. It was found from hydrogen generation using reduced Al nanoparticles by applying high-voltage pulses to solutions to evaluate reduction rate that a high reduction efficiency of 97% was obtained at maximum. We concluded that using high-voltage pulses for reduction can be suitably applied to printed electronics because the oxide film on reduced Al nanoparticles is thin. Also, because this method is similar to laser ablation in liquids using pulse lasers, the similarities were discussed in this paper.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a rod-type Ce3+ ion doped Nd:YAG ceramic laser was developed to convert white light into near-infrared laser light more efficiently.
Abstract: Ceramic is promising for use as a solid-laser material pumped with solar or lamp light. We developed a Cr3+ ion doped Nd : YAG ceramic laser that converts white light into near-infrared laser light more efficiently. Investigation of its optical properties has revealed that large gain can be realized with excitation power that is one order of magnitude less than that in the case of Nd : YAG. Ce3+ ion doping also makes it possible to utilize the excitation light components with wavelengths of 350 nm or less, preventing generation of color centers. A rod-type Ce3+/Cr3+/Nd : YAG ceramic pumped by white light such as solar light or flash lamp light was developed. Fluorescence lifetime of ceramic was measured. Laser oscillations at free running mode were observed. Also, numerical calculation for output laser power and gain at lasing threshold was performed. Fluorescence lifetime increased as temperature rose, which was observed in Cr/Nd : YAG ceramic. This increase suggests the existence of a cross-relaxation effect. Maximum output laser energy of 73 mJ with the peak power of 330 W was obtained. Obtained output laser energy was around twice more than that in case of Cr3+/Nd : YAG ceramic with the same Nd and Cr ion concentration.

1 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2023
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a solar concentrating system consisting of a parabolic mirror, a 3D compound parabolic concentrator, and a hollow-core reflector was proposed to improve the output power of solar-pumped single-crystal fiber (SCF) lasers.
Abstract: In order to improve the output power of solar-pumped single-crystal fiber (SCF) lasers, we propose a novel solar concentrating system, to the best of our knowledge, consisting of a parabolic mirror, a 3D compound parabolic concentrator, and a hollow-core reflector. By ray tracing with TracePro, the influence of the fiber's diameter and the hollow reflector's shape on the solar absorption efficiency is theoretically investigated. A typical Nd:YAG SCF with a core diameter of 1 mm, length of 150 mm, and doping concentration of 1 at.% is selected for a simulation of laser operation. The output characteristics of the laser are analyzed by solving the rate equation and power transmission equation; the maximum output power and solar-to-laser conversion efficiency are 60.62 W and 4.64%, respectively. The thermal effects of the laser are simulated by Comsol software. When the input solar power is 1307.4 W, the temperature decreases sharply first and then saturates along the SCF fiber, with the maximum value of 69.18°C at the input fiber end. This concentrating system can effectively overcome the limitation of end-launching solar power into SCFs and has great potential in improving the output power of solar fiber lasers.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of surface modification on colloidal metal particles in aqueous solution were investigated. And the resulting changes in the chemical, photochemical, and optical properties were discussed.
Abstract: The study of nanometer and subnanometer colloidal metal particles in aqueous solution complements the investigation of small particles in molecular beams, frozen solutions, and inorganic clusters. The electronic properties of the metal particles are changed by surface modification, for example by chemisorption of a nucleophilic molecule or by deposition of a second metal. The resulting changes in the chemical, photochemical, and optical properties are discussed. Methods are described which enable one to store excess electrons or positive holes on the particles in a controlled manner and to investigate the accompanying changes in the optical properties. Metal particles carrying excess electrons initiate electrochemical reactions such as the reduction of water or the deposition of metals

1,633 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, surface modification on the Ag plasmon resonance was studied in both colloidal suspensions and colloidal metal films and the conclusion was made that adsorption of I- and Br- ions results in charging of the Ag particle as a whole and a shift of its potential to more negative values.
Abstract: Silver colloids of 20 nm mean particle diameter were prepared by laser ablation and modified by adsorption of iodide and bromide ions. Addition of cytochrome c to this colloid resulted in the reduction of the protein, which was monitored by surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering and absorption spectroscopies. Colloidal metal films, prepared from the same Ag colloid, were employed to minimize contributions from aggregation. Effects of surface modification on the Ag plasmon resonance were studied in both colloidal suspensions and colloidal metal films. The conclusion was made that adsorption of I- and Br- results in charging of the Ag particle as a whole and a shift of its potential to more negative values. The donated charge is delocalized in a thin surface layer and does not significantly affect the plasmon resonance frequency of the particle.

208 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors achieved 11% to 14% slope efficiency of solar-pumped laser by Cr-codoped Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet ceramic and Fresnel lens focusing from natural sunlight.
Abstract: The authors achieved 11%–14% slope efficiency of solar-pumped laser by Cr-codoped Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet ceramic and Fresnel lens focusing from natural sunlight. The laser output of 24.4W was achieved with 1.3m2 Fresnel lens. The maximum output for unit area of sunlight was 18.7W∕m2, which is 2.8 times larger than previous results with mirror collector. The utilization of Cr3+ ion enabled efficient absorption and energy transfer to Nd3+ ion of solar spectrum. The fluorescence yield at 1064nm for various pumping wavelengths was measured both for Crcodoped and nondoped laser media, and 1.8 times enhancement of laser output from sunlight is predicted.

178 citations


"Development of Solar‐Pumped Lasers ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...continuous wave (CW) lasers, usable chemical potential energy accumulated in pure metals is very small with respect to input energy for reduction [4, 5]....

    [...]

  • ...However, the used metal plates turn eventually in metal oxide powder, which needs to be recycled [4, 5]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Spherical particles are of great interest because of their potential to obtain interesting and useful functionalities in many fields of application, such as photonic crystals, biomedicine, sensing,alysis, environmental remedies, and solar cells.
Abstract: Spherical particles are of great interest because they are athermodynamicallyfavorablestatein terms ofsurfaceenergy.Recent work has fully demonstrated their potential to obtaininteresting and useful functionalities in many fields ofapplication, such as photonic crystals, biomedicine, sensing,catalysis, environmental remedies, and solar cells.

163 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a compound parabolic concentrator to increase the solar radiation coupled into the laser rod, and showed that existing laser materials with broadband absorption characteristics (e.g. alexandrite and Nd:Cr:GSGG) have a potential for better than 10% overall conversion efficiency when solar-pumped.
Abstract: Results are presented for direct solar pumping of a Nd:YAG rod laser. Stable CW output of more than 60 W was obtained with a slope efficiency exceeding 2%. A compound parabolic concentrator, designed to increase the solar radiation coupled into the laser rod, was used in these experiments. The results are consistent with predictions based on a single solar-pumped laser model, which is also presented. Using this model, it is shown that existing laser materials with broadband absorption characteristics (e.g. alexandrite and Nd:Cr:GSGG) have a potential for better than 10% overall conversion efficiency when solar-pumped. >

150 citations