Dielectric laser accelerators
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the dielectric laser acceleration (DLA) scheme operating at typical laser pulse lengths of 1 to 1 ps, where the laser damage fluences correspond to peak surface electric fields in the Ω{GV}/\mathrm{m} regime.
Abstract: The use of infrared lasers to power optical-scale lithographically fabricated particle accelerators is a developing area of research that has garnered increasing interest in recent years The physics and technology of this approach is reviewed, which is referred to as dielectric laser acceleration (DLA) In the DLA scheme operating at typical laser pulse lengths of 01 to 1 ps, the laser damage fluences for robust dielectric materials correspond to peak surface electric fields in the $\mathrm{GV}/\mathrm{m}$ regime The corresponding accelerating field enhancement represents a potential reduction in active length of the accelerator between 1 and 2 orders of magnitude Power sources for DLA-based accelerators (lasers) are less costly than microwave sources (klystrons) for equivalent average power levels due to wider availability and private sector investment Because of the high laser-to-particle coupling efficiency, required pulse energies are consistent with tabletop microJoule class lasers Combined with the very high (MHz) repetition rates these lasers can provide, the DLA approach appears promising for a variety of applications, including future high-energy physics colliders, compact light sources, and portable medical scanners and radiative therapy machines
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TL;DR: An ultrafast optics approach for generating bunches of electrons and compressing them by more than an order of magnitude to just femtosecond time scales is described, opening up the possibility of imaging ultrafast phenomena with atomic-scale spatial resolution.
Abstract: Short electron pulses are central to time-resolved atomic-scale diffraction and electron microscopy, streak cameras, and free-electron lasers. We demonstrate phase-space control and characterization of 5-picometer electron pulses using few-cycle terahertz radiation, extending concepts of microwave electron pulse compression and streaking to terahertz frequencies. Optical-field control of electron pulses provides synchronism to laser pulses and offers a temporal resolution that is ultimately limited by the rise-time of the optical fields applied. We used few-cycle waveforms carried at 0.3 terahertz to compress electron pulses by a factor of 12 with a timing stability of <4 femtoseconds (root mean square) and measure them by means of field-induced beam deflection (streaking). Scaling the concept toward multiterahertz control fields holds promise for approaching the electronic time scale in time-resolved electron diffraction and microscopy.
291 citations
TL;DR: Terahertz (THz) light has proven to be a fine tool to probe and control quasi-particles and collective excitations in solids, to drive phase transitions and associated changes in material properties as mentioned in this paper.
158 citations
TL;DR: An experimental demonstration of free-electron-driven light emission from silicon nanogratings is reported and the feasibility of a compact, all-silicon tunable light source integrated with a silicon field emitter array is investigated.
Abstract: Extracting light from silicon is a longstanding challenge in modern engineering and physics. While silicon has underpinned the past 70 years of electronics advancement, a facile tunable and efficient silicon-based light source remains elusive. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the generation of tunable radiation from a one-dimensional, all-silicon nanograting. Light is generated by the spontaneous emission from the interaction of these nanogratings with low-energy free electrons (2–20 keV) and is recorded in the wavelength range of 800–1600 nm, which includes the silicon transparency window. Tunable free-electron-based light generation from nanoscale silicon gratings with efficiencies approaching those from metallic gratings is demonstrated. We theoretically investigate the feasibility of a scalable, compact, all-silicon tunable light source comprised of a silicon Field Emitter Array integrated with a silicon nanograting that emits at telecommunication wavelengths. Our results reveal the prospects of a CMOS-compatible electrically-pumped silicon light source for possible applications in the mid-infrared and telecommunication wavelengths. Extracting light from silicon is a longstanding challenge. Here, the authors report an experimental demonstration of free-electron-driven light emission from silicon nanogratings and investigates the feasibility of a compact, all-silicon tunable light source integrated with a silicon field emitter array.
154 citations
TL;DR: Using a technique inspired by Ramsey spectroscopy, it is now possible to coherently control free electrons in an electron microscope as discussed by the authors, which is a first step towards coherent control of free electrons.
Abstract: Using a technique inspired by Ramsey spectroscopy it is now possible to coherently control free electrons in an electron microscope.
145 citations
01 Oct 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the theoretical and experimental developments in realizing new light-matter interactions with photonic quasiparticles, such as room-temperature strong coupling, ultrafast ‘forbidden’ transitions in atoms and new applications of the Cherenkov effect.
Abstract: Interactions between light and matter play an instrumental role in spectroscopy, sensing, quantum information processing and lasers. In most of these applications, light is considered in terms of electromagnetic plane waves propagating at the speed of light in vacuum. As a result, light–matter interactions can usually be treated as very weak and captured at the lowest order in quantum electrodynamics. However, progress in understanding the coupling of photons to material quasiparticles (plasmons, phonons and excitons) brings the need for a generalized view of the photon at the core of every light–matter interaction. In this new picture, the photon can have greatly different polarization and dispersion and be confined to the scale of a few nanometres. Such photonic quasiparticles enable a wealth of otherwise unobservable light–matter interaction phenomena, in interactions with both bound and free electrons. This Review focuses on the theoretical and experimental developments in realizing new light–matter interactions with photonic quasiparticles. Examples include room-temperature strong coupling, ultrafast ‘forbidden’ transitions in atoms and new applications of the Cherenkov effect, as well as breakthroughs in ultrafast electron microscopy and new concepts for compact X-ray sources. The coupling of photons to material quasiparticles such as plasmons, phonons and excitons opens new possibilities in light–matter interactions. This Review presents a generalized view of such quasiparticles and the technique that describes their interactions with matter: macroscopic quantum electrodynamics.
144 citations
References
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Book•
25 Mar 2013
TL;DR: In this article, the design and operation of modern accelerators including linacs, synchrotrons and storage rings are discussed, including both theoretical and practical matters, including material data and aspects of component design including heat transfer and refrigeration.
Abstract: Concerned with the design and operation of modern accelerators including linacs, synchrotrons and storage rings, this text includes both theoretical and practical matters. Chapters on beam dynamics and electromagnetic and nuclear interactions deals with linear and nonlinear single particle and collective effects including spin motion, beam-environment, beam-beam and intrabeam interactions. The impedance concept and calculations are covered along with the instabilities associated with the various interactions mentioned. A chapter on operational considerations deals with orbit error assessment and correction. Chapters on mechanical and electrical considerations present material data and aspects of component design including heat transfer and refrigeration. Hardware systems for particle sources, feedback systems, confinement and acceleration (both normal conduction and superconducting) receive detailed treatment in a subsystems chapter, which also covers beam measurement techniques and apparatus. The closing chapter gives data and methods for radiation protection computations as well as much data on radiation damage to various materials and devices.
838 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors give a clear and logical exposition of the nucleation of cracks, continuum aspects of crack propagation, dynamic fracture processes, microstructural and atomistic aspects of fracture propagation and kinetic processes of fracture.
Abstract: B R Lawn and T R Wilshaw London: Cambridge University Press 1975 pp ix + 204 price £7.20 (cased), £3.80 (paperback) This book is one of the new Cambridge Solid State Science Series, intended for final year and postgraduate students. Starting from Griffith's concept of an energy balance, the authors give a clear and logical exposition of the nucleation of cracks, continuum aspects of crack propagation, dynamic fracture processes, microstructural and atomistic aspects of crack propagation and kinetic processes of fracture.
593 citations
"Dielectric laser accelerators" refers background in this paper
...It is reasonable to assume that a pressure below Young’s modulus EY may be sustained without damage to the structure (Lawn, 1995)....
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150 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The silicon vlsi technology fundamentals practice and modeling is universally compatible with any devices to read and it is set as public so you can download it instantly.
Abstract: silicon vlsi technology fundamentals practice and modeling is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the silicon vlsi technology fundamentals practice and modeling is universally compatible with any devices to read.
130 citations
"Dielectric laser accelerators" refers background in this paper
...…with materials and geometry amenable to lithographic fabrication, leveraging the immense knowledge of microfabrication tools and techniques developed by the integrated circuit and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) industries over the last half century (Plummer, Deal, and Griffin, 2000)....
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TL;DR: In this article, the MOPA III FEL has been used to study the non-classical nature of FEL light and its nonlinear nature of optical pulse compression and pulse shaping.
Abstract: • ultra-sensitive lidar and remote sensing • high-resolution excited state spectroscopy • generation of tunable, high brightness singlemode radiation by optical phase-locking techniques • Doppler-free nonlinear spectroscopy and Doppler limited absorption spectroscopy • compact x-ray sources • studies of the non-classical nature of FEL light • optical pulse compression and pulse shaping • photo-chemistry and surface science • novel FEL configurations including multiple inverse-tapered undulators The undulator section of the MOPA III FEL
95 citations
"Dielectric laser accelerators" refers background in this paper
...Microbunching is also a necessary consequence of FELs in which longitudinal density modulation of the electron beam occurs simultaneously with the onset of exponential amplification of the laser radiation (Brau, 1990)....
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...The microbunches also emerge with higher peak current, which is an essential factor in some applications such as light sources (Brau, 1990)....
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...Such low-energy spread is also a key parameter in coherent light sources (Brau, 1990)....
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