Book•
Digital Phase Modulation
30 Sep 1986-
TL;DR: The first text in bandwidth-efficient digital coded communication was published in this article, where the authors introduced the method of continuous phase modulation (CPM) coding, with full treatment of spectrum, minimum distance, trasnmitters and receivers.
Abstract: First text in bandwidth-efficient digital coded communication. Introduced the method of continuous phase modulation (CPM) coding, with full treatment of spectrum, minimum distance, trasnmitters and receivers.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the capacity limit of fiber-optic communication systems (or fiber channels?) is estimated based on information theory and the relationship between the commonly used signal to noise ratio and the optical signal-to-noise ratio is discussed.
Abstract: We describe a method to estimate the capacity limit of fiber-optic communication systems (or ?fiber channels?) based on information theory. This paper is divided into two parts. Part 1 reviews fundamental concepts of digital communications and information theory. We treat digitization and modulation followed by information theory for channels both without and with memory. We provide explicit relationships between the commonly used signal-to-noise ratio and the optical signal-to-noise ratio. We further evaluate the performance of modulation constellations such as quadrature-amplitude modulation, combinations of amplitude-shift keying and phase-shift keying, exotic constellations, and concentric rings for an additive white Gaussian noise channel using coherent detection. Part 2 is devoted specifically to the "fiber channel.'' We review the physical phenomena present in transmission over optical fiber networks, including sources of noise, the need for optical filtering in optically-routed networks, and, most critically, the presence of fiber Kerr nonlinearity. We describe various transmission scenarios and impairment mitigation techniques, and define a fiber channel deemed to be the most relevant for communication over optically-routed networks. We proceed to evaluate a capacity limit estimate for this fiber channel using ring constellations. Several scenarios are considered, including uniform and optimized ring constellations, different fiber dispersion maps, and varying transmission distances. We further present evidences that point to the physical origin of the fiber capacity limitations and provide a comparison of recent record experiments with our capacity limit estimation.
2,135 citations
27 Nov 1989
TL;DR: The Viterbi algorithm is modified to deliver the most likely path sequence in a finite-state Markov chain, as well as either the a posteriori probability for each bit or a reliability value, with the aim of producing soft decisions to be used in the decoding of outer codes.
Abstract: The Viterbi algorithm (VA) is modified to deliver the most likely path sequence in a finite-state Markov chain, as well as either the a posteriori probability for each bit or a reliability value. With this reliability indicator the modified VA produces soft decisions to be used in the decoding of outer codes. The inner software output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) accepts and delivers soft sample values and can be regraded as a device for improving the signal-to-noise ratio, similar to an FM demodulator. Several applications are investigated to show the gain over the conventional hard-deciding VA, including concatenated convolutional codes, concatenation of trellis-coded modulation with convolutional FEC (forward error correcting) codes, and coded Viterbi equalization. For these applications additional gains of 1-4 dB as compared to the classical hard-deciding algorithms were found. For comparison, the more complex symbol-to-symbol MAP, whose optimal a posteriori probabilities can be transformed into soft outputs, was investigated. >
1,848 citations
TL;DR: A list Viterbi decoding algorithm (LVA) that produces a rank ordered list of the L globally best candidates after a trellis search and a serial LVA that iteratively produces the k/sup th/ best candidate based on knowledge of the previously found k-1 best paths is presented.
Abstract: A list Viterbi decoding algorithm (LVA) produces a rank ordered list of the L globally best candidates after a trellis search. The authors present two such algorithms, (i) a parallel LVA that simultaneously produces the L best candidates and (ii) a serial LVA that iteratively produces the k/sup th/ best candidate based on knowledge of the previously found k-1 best paths. The application of LVA to a concatenated communication system consisting of an inner convolutional code and an outer error detecting code is considered in detail. Analysis as well as simulation results show that significant improvement in error performance is obtained when the inner decoder, which is conventionally based on the Viterbi algorithm (VA), is replaced by the LVA. An improvement of up to 3 dB is obtained for the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel due to an increase in the minimum Euclidean distance. Ever larger gains are obtained for the Rayleigh fading channel due to an increase in the time diversity. It is also shown that a 10% improvement in throughput is obtained along with significantly reduced probability of a decoding failure for a hybrid FEC/ARQ scheme with the inner code being a rate compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) code. >
411 citations
Book•
09 Sep 2002
TL;DR: This paper presents a Comparative Study of Turbo Equalisers: The Super Trellis Structure of Convolutional Turbo Codes and the Coded Modulation Theory and Performance.
Abstract: Acknowledgments.Historical Perspective, Motivation and Outline. I Convolutional and Block Coding. Convolutional Channel Coding. Block Coding. Soft Decoding and Performance of BCH Codes. II Turbo Convolutional and Turbo Block Coding. Turbo Convolutional Coding. The Super Trellis Structure of Convolutional Turbo Codes. Turbo BCH Coding. Redundant Residue Number System Codes. III Coded Modulation: TCM, TTCM, BICM, BICM ID. Coded Modulation Theory and Performance. IV Space Time Block and Space Time Trellis Coding. Space time Block Codes. Space Time Trellis Codes. Turbo coded Adaptive QAM versus Space time Trellis Coding. V Turbo Equalisation. Turbo coded Partial response Modulation. Turbo Equalisation for Partial response Systems. Turbo Equalisation Performance Bound. Comparative Study of Turbo Equalisers. Reduced complexity Turbo Equaliser. Turbo Equalisation for Space time Trellis coded Systems. Summary and Conclusions. Bibliography. Subject Index. Author Index. About the Authors.Other Related Wiley and IEEE Press Books.
407 citations
Book•
07 Jun 2000
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of most major single and multi-carrier Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) techniques commencing with simple QAM schemes for the uninitiated through to complex, rapidly-evolving areas, such as arrangements for wideband mobile channels.
Abstract: Single- and Multi-carrier Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Principles and Applications for Personal Communications, WLANs and Broadcasting L. Hanzo Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK W. Webb Motorola, Arlington Heights, USA formerly at Multiple Access Communications Ltd, Southampton, UK T. Keller Ubinetics, Cambridge Technology Centre, Melbourn, UK formerly at Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK Motivated by the rapid evolution of wireless communication systems, this expanded second edition provides an overview of most major single- and multi-carrier Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) techniques commencing with simple QAM schemes for the uninitiated through to complex, rapidly-evolving areas, such as arrangements for wide-band mobile channels. Targeted at the more advanced reader, the multi-carrier modulation based second half of the book presents a research-orientated outlook using a variety of novel QAM-based arrangements. * Features six new chapters dealing with the complexities of multi-carrier modulation which has found applications ranging from Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) to Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) * Provides a rudimentary introduction for readers requiring a background in the field of modulation and radio wave propagation * Discusses classic QAM transmission issues relevant to Gaussian channels * Examines QAM-based transmissions over mobile radio channels * Incorporates QAM-related orthogonal techniques, considers the spectral efficiency of QAM in cellular frequency re-use structures and presents a QAM-based speech communications system design study * Introduces Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) over both Gaussian and wideband fading channels By providing an all-encompassing self-contained treatment of single- and multi- carrier QAM based communications, a wide range of readers including senior undergraduate and postgraduate students, practising engineers and researchers alike will all find the coverage of this book attractive.
354 citations
References
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01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: In this article, a statistical description of the steady state phase error is given and a parameter called the minimum equivalent Euclidean distance is derived and used for partially coherent detection at high SNR.
Abstract: As was made clear in the previous chapter on synchronization, an ideal coherent detector with no carrier phase error does not exist in practice. The best we can hope for is a phase error that constantly fluctuates around the mean value zero. In this chapter we will give a statistical description of the steady state phase error and study both optimum and suboptimum detection at high SNR. A parameter called the minimum equivalent Euclidean distance is derived and used. First, however, we will precisely define the notion of partially coherent detection.
1 citations
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: This chapter presents some recent results on combinations of many-level PSK and CPM with convolutional codes and some simulations of eight- and 16-level CPFSK with rate 2/3 and rate 3/4 codes.
Abstract: In previous chapters we have seen that the memory in the continuous phase of the CPM signal can be utilized to improve the minimum Euclidean distance; so also can the memory introduced by the controlled intersymbol interference in partial response CPM. Even more memory can be built into the signals by means of multi-h coding (see Chapter 3) or convolutional codes. In this chapter we will present some recent results on combinations of many-level PSK and CPM with convolutional codes. Section 11.2 covers binary and quaternary CPFSK with rate 1/2 convolutional codes, and presents combinations with the best free Euclidean distance. Section 11.3 covers eight-level CPM with rate 2/3 codes, 16-level CPM with rate 3/4 codes, etc. Finally Section 11.4 presents some simulations of eight- and 16-level CPFSK with rate 2/3 and rate 3/4 codes. Viterbi detection is used throughout.
1 citations