Open AccessJournal Article
Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA), A Non-Toxic, Water-Soluble Treatment For Heavy Metal Toxicity
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TLDR
DMSA is a sulfhydryl-containing, water-soluble, non-toxic, orally-administered metal chelator which has been in use as an antidote to heavy metal toxicity since the 1950s and is established as the premier metal chelation compound, based on oral dosing, urinary excretion, and its safety characteristics compared to other chelating substances.Abstract:
Heavy metals are, unfortunately, present in the air, water, and food supply. Cases of severe acute lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium poisoning are rare; however, when they do occur an effective, non-toxic treatment is essential. In addition, chronic, low-level exposure to lead in the soil and in residues of lead-based paint; to mercury in the atmosphere, in dental amalgams and in seafood; and to cadmium and arsenic in the environment and in cigarette smoke is much more common than acute exposure. Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is a sulfhydryl-containing, water-soluble, non-toxic, orally-administered metal chelator which has been in use as an antidote to heavy metal toxicity since the 1950s. More recent clinical use and research substantiates this compound’s efficacy and safety, and establishes it as the premier metal chelation compound, based on oral dosing, urinary excretion, and its safety characteristics compared to other chelating substances. (Altern Med Rev 1998;3(3):199-207)read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chelation in Metal Intoxication
Swaran J.S. Flora,Vidhu Pachauri +1 more
TL;DR: This review provides an update of the existing chelating agents and the various strategies available for the treatment of heavy metals and metalloid intoxications.
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Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Systems with Thiol Functionalized Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles
Wassana Yantasee,Cynthia L. Warner,Thanapon Sangvanich,R. Shane Addleman,Timothy G. Carter,Robert J. Wiacek,Glen E. Fryxell,Charles Timchalk,Marvin G. Warner +8 more
TL;DR: Superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with a surface functionalization of dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) are an effective sorbent material for toxic soft metals such as Hg, Ag, Pb, Cd, and Tl, which effectively bind to the DMSA ligands and for As, which binds to the iron oxide lattices.
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Mercury exposure in children: a review.
S. Allen Counter,Leo H. Buchanan +1 more
TL;DR: Considerable attention was given in this review to pediatric methylmercury exposure and neurodevelopment because it is the most thoroughly investigated Hg species.
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Cysteine metabolism and metal toxicity.
TL;DR: Basic research pertaining to the transport of toxic metals into the brain is summarized, and a case is made for the use of hydrolyzed whey protein to support metal detoxification and neurological function.
References
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Journal Article
Selected biochemical indicators of the effect of environmental lead on the humans
TL;DR: In urine, the highest excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor for haeme synthesis was found in group A, characterized by highest blood lead as well as in group M, with normal blood lead concentrations.
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