Direct And Mediated Anodic Oxidation of Organic Pollutants

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the electrochemical methods used at lab and pilot plant scale to decontaminate synthetic and real effluents containing dyes, considering the period from 2009 to 2013, as an update of our previous review up to 2008.

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Abstract: As the environment preservation gradually becomes a matter of major social concern and more strict legislation is being imposed on effluent discharge, more effective processes are required to deal with non-readily biodegradable and toxic pollutants. Synthetic organic dyes in industrial effluents cannot be destroyed in conventional wastewater treatment and consequently, an urgent challenge is the development of new environmentally benign technologies able to mineralize completely these non-biodegradable compounds. This review aims to increase the knowledge on the electrochemical methods used at lab and pilot plant scale to decontaminate synthetic and real effluents containing dyes, considering the period from 2009 to 2013, as an update of our previous review up to 2008. Fundamentals and main applications of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes and the other electrochemical approaches are described. Typical methods such as electrocoagulation, electrochemical reduction, electrochemical oxidation and indirect electro-oxidation with active chlorine species are discussed. Recent advances on electrocatalysis related to the nature of anode material to generate strong heterogeneous OH as mediated oxidant of dyes in electrochemical oxidation are extensively examined. The fast destruction of dyestuffs mediated with electrogenerated active chlorine is analyzed. Electro-Fenton and photo-assisted electrochemical methods like photoelectrocatalysis and photoelectro-Fenton, which destroy dyes by heterogeneous OH and/or homogeneous OH produced in the solution bulk, are described. Current advantages of the exposition of effluents to sunlight in the emerging photo-assisted procedures of solar photoelectrocatalysis and solar photoelectro-Fenton are detailed. The characteristics of novel combined methods involving photocatalysis, adsorption, nanofiltration, microwaves and ultrasounds among others and the use of microbial fuel cells are finally discussed.

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3,112 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Advanced Oxidation Processes in Water/Wastewater Treatment: Principles and Applications. A Review

[...]

Mehmet A. Oturan, Jean-Jacques Aaron

25 Feb 2014-Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

TL;DR: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) constitute important, promising, efficient, and environmental-friendly methods developed to principally remove persistent organic pollutants (POP) from waters and wastewaters.

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Abstract: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) constitute important, promising, efficient, and environmental-friendly methods developed to principally remove persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from waters and wastewaters. Generally, AOPs are based on the in situ generation of a powerful oxidizing agent, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), obtained at a sufficient concentration to effectively decontaminate waters. This critical review presents a precise and overall description of the recent literature (period 1990–2012) concerning the main types of AOPs, based on chemical, photochemical, sonochemical, and electrochemical reactions. The principles, performances, advantages, drawbacks, and applications of these AOPs to the degradation and destruction of POPs in aquatic media and to the treatment of waters and waste waters have been reported and compared.

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1,550 citations

Cites background or methods from "Direct And Mediated Anodic Oxidatio..."

...…Oturan, 2004; Wang et al., 2005, 2008; Hammami et al., 2007; Guivarch et al., 2003b; Oturan et al., 2008; Khataee et al., 2009; Özcan et al., 2009; Panizza and Cerisola, 2009; Garcia-Segura et al., 2011b; Panizza and Oturan, 2011; Bouafia-Chergui et al., 2012; Hammami et al., 2012; Khalfaoui et…...
[...]
...(Oturan, 2000; Brillas et al., 2006, 2009; Mart́ınez-Huitle and Ferro, 2006; Panizza and Cerisola, 2009b)....
[...]
...•OH is generated either directly by oxidation of water on a high O2 evolution overvoltage anode (anodic oxidation (AO)) (Panizza and Cerisola, 2009), or indirectly in bulk solution by using electrochemically generated Fenton’s reagent from electrode reactions (Brillas et al., 2009)....
[...]
...…and HClO with respective standard oxidation potential of 2.07, 2.01, and 1.67 V/SHE, for wastewater treatment according to the following anode reactions (Panizza and Cerisola, 2009): 2Cl− → Cl2 + 2e− (27) Cl2 + H2O → HClO + H+ + Cl− (28) 3H2O → O3 + 6H+ + 6e− (29) 2SO2−4 → S2O2−8 + 2e− (30) The…...
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes: A review on their application to synthetic and real wastewaters

[...]

Francisca C. Moreira¹, Rui A.R. Boaventura¹, Enric Brillas², Vítor J.P. Vilar¹•Institutions (2)

University of Porto¹, University of Barcelona²

01 Mar 2017-Applied Catalysis B-environmental

TL;DR: In this article, an exhaustive review on the treatment of various synthetic and real wastewaters by five key EAOPs, i.e., anodic oxidation (AO), anodic oxidation with electrogenerated H 2 O 2, electro-Fenton (EF), photoelectro-fenton (PEF), alone and in combination with other methods like biological treatment, electrocoagulation, coagulation and membrane filtration processes.

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Abstract: Over the last decades, research efforts have been made at developing more effective technologies for the remediation of waters containing persistent organic pollutants. Among the various technologies, the so-called electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) have caused increasing interest. These technologies are based on the electrochemical generation of strong oxidants such as hydroxyl radicals ( OH). Here, we present an exhaustive review on the treatment of various synthetic and real wastewaters by five key EAOPs, i.e., anodic oxidation (AO), anodic oxidation with electrogenerated H 2 O 2 (AO-H 2 O 2 ), electro-Fenton (EF), photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) and solar photoelectro-Fenton (SPEF), alone and in combination with other methods like biological treatment, electrocoagulation, coagulation and membrane filtration processes. Fundamentals of each EAOP are also given.

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1,457 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes: today and tomorrow. A review

[...]

Ignasi Sirés¹, Enric Brillas¹, Mehmet A. Oturan², Manuel A. Rodrigo³, Marco Panizza⁴ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (4)

University of Barcelona¹, University of Paris², University of Castilla–La Mancha³, University of Genoa⁴

02 Apr 2014-Environmental Science and Pollution Research

TL;DR: A general overview of the application of EAOPs on the removal of aqueous organic pollutants is presented, first reviewing the most recent works and then looking to the future.

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Abstract: In recent years, new advanced oxidation processes based on the electrochemical technology, the so-called electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs), have been developed for the prevention and remediation of environmental pollution, especially focusing on water streams. These methods are based on the electrochemical generation of a very powerful oxidizing agent, such as the hydroxyl radical (•OH) in solution, which is then able to destroy organics up to their mineralization. EAOPs include heterogeneous processes like anodic oxidation and photoelectrocatalysis methods, in which •OH are generated at the anode surface either electrochemically or photochemically, and homogeneous processes like electro-Fenton, photoelectro-Fenton, and sonoelectrolysis, in which •OH are produced in the bulk solution. This paper presents a general overview of the application of EAOPs on the removal of aqueous organic pollutants, first reviewing the most recent works and then looking to the future. A global perspective on the fundamentals and experimental setups is offered, and laboratory-scale and pilot-scale experiments are examined and discussed.

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1,455 citations

Cites background or methods from "Direct And Mediated Anodic Oxidatio..."

...…lead to the direct oxidation of organic pollutants on the anode surface but it also promotes the formation of huge amounts of oxidants which can act not only on the surface of the electrodes but extend the oxidation process to the bulk solution of the treated waste (Panizza and Cerisola 2009a)....
[...]
...The performance of each process increased using a BDD anode instead of a Pt anode, as expected with the higher oxidizing power of BDD(•OH) compared with Pt(•OH) generated at the corresponding anode surface from water oxidation (Panizza and Cerisola 2009a)....
[...]
...In recent years, new AOPs based on the electrochemical technology, i.e., the so-called electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs), have been developed (Fryda et al. 2003; Martínez-Huitle and Ferro 2006; Brillas et al. 2009; Panizza and Cerisola 2009a; Sirés and Brillas 2012)....
[...]
...2b, including either synthetic solutions containing phenols (Cañizares et al. 2003, 2004; Polcaro et al. 2003; Panizza and Cerisola 2009b), dyes (Panizza and Cerisola 2008; Martínez-Huitle and Brillas 2009; Rodriguez et al. 2009; Moreira et al. 2013), pesticides (Polcaro et al. 2005; Flox et al.…...
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Degradation and removal methods of antibiotics from aqueous matrices--a review.

[...]

Vera Homem¹, Lúcia Santos¹•Institutions (1)

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto¹

01 Oct 2011-Journal of Environmental Management

TL;DR: It was found that ozonation, Fenton/photo-Fenton and semiconductor photocatalysis were the most tested methodologies and combined processes seem to be the best solution for the treatment of effluents containing antibiotics, especially those using renewable energy and by-products materials.

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1,219 citations

Cites background from "Direct And Mediated Anodic Oxidatio..."

...…Mn (III) or strong oxidants as H2O2, O3, persulfate, percarbonate, perphosphate and chlorinated species), which act as intermediaries for electrons transference between the electrode and the organic compounds, the reaction is classified as indirect (Chiang et al., 1995; Panizza and Cerisola, 2009)....
[...]
...The electrochemical treatments are interesting processes to remove toxic organic compounds, applying an effective, versatile, cost-effective, ease and clean technology (Hirose et al., 2005; Jara et al., 2007; Panizza and Cerisola, 2009)....
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References

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More filters

Solid state

[...]

Brian Santo, Katherine T. Chen

01 Feb 1990

3,166 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment

[...]

Guohua Chen¹•Institutions (1)

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology¹

15 Jul 2004-Separation and Purification Technology

TL;DR: In this article, the development, design and applications of electrochemical technologies in water and wastewater treatment are reviewed with particular focus on electrodeposition, electrocoagulation, electroflotation (EF), and electrooxidation.

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2,577 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants for the wastewater treatment: direct and indirect processes

[...]

Carlos A. Martínez-Huitle¹, Sergio Ferro¹•Institutions (1)

University of Ferrara¹

27 Nov 2006-Chemical Society Reviews

TL;DR: The present tutorial review summarizes the results of an extensive selection of papers dealing with electrochemical oxidation, which is proposed as an alternative for treating polluted wastes, to discuss the possibility of removing selected contaminants from water using different anodes.

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Abstract: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in finding innovative solutions for the efficient removal of contaminants from water, soil and air. The present tutorial review summarizes the results of an extensive selection of papers dealing with electrochemical oxidation, which is proposed as an alternative for treating polluted wastes. Both the direct and indirect approaches are considered, and the role of electrode materials is discussed together with that of other experimental parameters. Apart from discussing the possibility of removing selected contaminants from water using different anodes, efficiency rates for pollutant removal have been collected, the dependence of these rates on operational conditions advantages and disadvantages determining the further full-scale commercial application.

...read moreread less

1,428 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Electrocatalysis in the electrochemical conversion/combustion of organic pollutants for waste water treatment

[...]

Christos Comninellis¹•Institutions (1)

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne¹

01 Aug 1994-Electrochimica Acta

TL;DR: In this article, a simplified mechanism for the electrochemical oxidation or combustion of organics is presented according to which selective oxidation occurs with oxide anodes (MOx) forming the so-called higher oxide MOx+1 and combustion occurs with electrodes at the surface of which OH radicals are accumulated.

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1,237 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Electrogeneration of Hydroxyl Radicals on Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes

[...]

Beatrice Marselli¹, J. García-Gómez², P. A. Michaud¹, Manuel A. Rodrigo², Ch. Comninellis¹ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (2)

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne¹, University of Castilla–La Mancha²

01 Mar 2003-Journal of The Electrochemical Society

TL;DR: In this paper, the electrogeneration of hydroxyl radicals was studied at a synthetic B-doped diamond (BDD) thin film electrode, where spin trapping was used for detection of hydoxyl radicals with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-Noxide and with salicylic acid using ESR and liq. chromatog.

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Abstract: The electrogeneration of hydroxyl radicals was studied at a synthetic B-doped diamond (BDD) thin film electrode. Spin trapping was used for detection of hydroxyl radicals with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and with salicylic acid using ESR and liq. chromatog. measurements, resp. The prodn. of H2O2 and competitive oxidn. of formic and oxalic acids were also studied using bulk electrolysis. Oxidn. of salicylic acid gives hydroxylated products (2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acids). The oxidn. process on BDD electrodes involves hydroxyl radicals as electrogenerated intermediates. [on SciFinder (R)]

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838 citations