Direct electrochemical synthesis of metal alkoxides
About: This article is published in Inorganica Chimica Acta.The article was published on 1981-01-01. It has received 49 citations till now.
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TL;DR: The subject of sol−gel electrochemistry is introduced in this article, starting with a brief account of milestones in its evolution, followed by a description of recent advances in the various fields of sol −gel electro chemistry.
Abstract: The subject of sol−gel electrochemistry is introduced, starting with a brief account of milestones in its evolution. Then, the types of sol−gel materials that are useful for electrochemistry are presented, followed by a description of recent advances in the various fields of sol−gel electrochemistry. Modified electrodes, solid electrolytes, electrochromic devices, and corrosion protection coatings are described. Emerging fields such as RuO2 supercapacitors and electrochemical synthesis of sol−gel precursors are also addressed.
329 citations
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TL;DR: The physicochemical properties of metal alkoxides have been explained on the basis of inductive and steric effects, degree of association, volatility as well as alcoholysis and hydrolysis reactions as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In view of the increasing applications of metal alkoxides as precursors for ceramics, the physicochemical aspects of successive steps in the S-S-G process are being intensively investigated by sophisticated techniques like NMR (1H as well as multinuclear), SAXS, SANS, XANES, EXAFS and CRAMPS. Besides lower temperatures of sintering, the main advantage of the S-S-G process is the intimacy of mixing at the molecular level, resulting in the homogeneity of the final desired product. The formation of new bonds in mixtures of alkoxides has been confirmed by the isolation of polymetallic alkoxides, in which variations in the coordination environment of the central metal atom offer attractive possibilities for differing networks in ceramics with the same composition. The physicochemical properties of alkoxides have been explained on the basis of inductive and steric effects, degree of association, volatility as well as alcoholysis and hydrolysis reactions. These have been finally correlated with structural elucidation, which is being pursued much more vigorously during the past 1–2 years.
96 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the emission and absorption properties of hybrid coatings consisting of a siloxane network crosslinked with mixed metallic alkoxides, obtained by reacting Zr(OPrn)4 and different rare-earth methoxyethoxides (M = Nd3+, Sm3+ Dy3+, Er3+, Tm3+) are presented.
Abstract: Emission and absorption properties of hybrid coatings consisting of a siloxane network crosslinked with mixed metallic alkoxides, obtained by reacting Zr(OPrn)4 and different rare-earth methoxyethoxides (M = Nd3+, Sm3+ Dy3+, Er3+, Tm3+) are presented.
55 citations
TL;DR: A short review of the works performed during the last few years in the field of the alkoxy-derived ferroelectric films is presented in this article, where the dependence of the dielectric permittivity of the films via the annealing temperature is reported.
Abstract: The paper presents short review of the works performed during the last few years in the field of the alkoxy-derived ferroelectric films. PZT films were prepared using titanium and zirconium alkoxides and Pb(CH3COO)2· 2H2O as precursors. Different way of lead acetate dehydration and the impact of lead excess in the precursor solutions on the properties of the PZT films are discussed. Trimetallic alkoxide systems Bi(OR)3-Ta(OR)5-ROH (R = Me, Et or i Pr) were studied as precursors for preparation of SrBi2Ta2O9 films. Films prepared from these solutions and annealed at the temperature between 700 and 750°C demonstrated the remanent polarization Pr* − P^r = 7–9 μC/cm2. Ba1-xSrxTiO3 films we applied from modified alkoxide solutions. Decomposition of the organic phase in the course of thermal treatment of the films is studied by IR-spectroscopy. The dependence of the dielectric permittivity of the films via the annealing temperature is reported. Preparation of LiNbO3, SrZr0.2Ti0.8O3, Zr0.8Sn0.2TiO4 is briefly discussed.
51 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the results of magnetic and spectral measurements of Ni(OMe)Cl and its solvates are interpreted in terms of clusters of four nickel atoms interacting ferromagneticnetically through 90o methoxy bridges.
Abstract: The results of magnetic and spectral measurements of Ni(OMe)Cl and its solvates are interpreted in terms of clusters of four nickel atoms interacting ferromagnetically through 90o methoxy bridges. It is proposed that these clusters associate through chlorine bridges to form an infinite lattice. Solvation by methanol breaks only chlorine bridges so that the magnetic clusters are preserved. Stepwise replacement of chlorine by methoxyl resulted in the isolation of the expected compounds of composition Ni3(OMe)4Cl2 and Ni3(OMe)5Cl. Here, the magnetic isolation of the clusters disturbed by antiferromagnetic intercluster exchange. Bromine and iodine bridges also promote antiferromagnetic exchange but in contrast to the methoxy bridges, they may be broken by solvation with methanol.
26 citations