Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
TL;DR: The results for 1990 and 2010 supersede all previously published Global Burden of Disease results and highlight the importance of understanding local burden of disease and setting goals and targets for the post-2015 agenda taking such patterns into account.
About: This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2012-12-15. It has received 6861 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Disease burden & Disability-adjusted life year.
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TL;DR: Recording the burden of injury also requires evaluation of the impact of post-trauma impairments, disabilities and handicaps, and facilitates the elaboration of comparable measures for outcome predictions.
72 citations
TL;DR: The evolution from older traditional treatments to the innovative CGRP target drugs that are revolutionizing the way to approach this debilitating neurological disease are highlighted.
Abstract: Migraine is a highly prevalent headache disease that typically affects patients during their most productive years. Despite significant progress in understanding the underlying pathophysiology of this disorder, its treatment so far continues to depend on drugs that, in their majority, were not specifically designed for this purpose. The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been indicated as playing a critical role in the central and peripheral pathways leading to a migraine attack. It is not surprising that drugs designed to specifically block its action are gaining remarkable attention from researchers in the field with, at least so far, a safe risk profile. In this article, we highlight the evolution from older traditional treatments to the innovative CGRP target drugs that are revolutionizing the way to approach this debilitating neurological disease. We provide a brief introduction on pathophysiology of migraine and details on the characteristic, function, and localization of CGRP to then focus on CGRP receptor antagonists (CGRP-RAs) and CGRP monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAbs).
72 citations
TL;DR: There is a need for studies reporting longer term effects of acute interventions, especially EVT, to reduce the vascular and non-vascular mortality long after stroke.
Abstract: BackgroundDespite improved survival and short-term (90-day) outcomes of ischemic stroke patients, only sparse data exist describing the sustained benefits of acute stroke care interventions and lon
72 citations
TL;DR: Internet interventions demonstrate small but significant effects in decreasing substance use among various target populations at post‐treatment and at the follow-up assessment, however, given the small number of available studies for certain substances, the findings should be interpreted with caution.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Research has shown that internet interventions can be effective for dependent users of various substances. However, less is known about the effects of these interventions on users of opioids, cocaine and amphetamines than for other substances. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of internet interventions in decreasing the usage of these types of substances.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature search in the databases of PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and the Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials examining the effectiveness of internet interventions compared with control conditions in reducing the use of opioids, cocaine and amphetamines. No setting restrictions were applied. The risk of bias of the included studies was examined according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool. The primary outcome was substance use reduction assessed through toxicology screening, self-report or both at post-treatment and at the follow-up assessment.
RESULTS: Seventeen studies with 2836 adult illicit substance users were included. The risk of bias varied across the included studies. Internet interventions decreased significantly opioid [four studies, n = 606, g = 0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.20-0.53, P < 0.001] and any illicit substance use (nine studies, n = 1749, g = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.24-0.45, P < 0.001) at post-treatment. Conversely, the effect of internet intervention for stimulant users was small and non-significant (four studies, n = 481, P = 0.164). Overall, internet interventions decreased substance significantly use at post-treatment (17 studies, n = 2836, g = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.23-0.39, P < 0.001) and at the follow-up assessments (nine studies, n = 1906, g = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.07-0.37; P = 0.003).
CONCLUSIONS: Internet interventions demonstrate small but significant effects in decreasing substance use among various target populations at post-treatment and at the follow-up assessment. However, given the small number of available studies for certain substances, the findings should be interpreted with caution.
72 citations
TL;DR: The SARC-F questionnaire is a useful screening tool for impaired physical function in elderly CVD patients and these findings support the use of the S ARC-F for screening in hospital settings.
71 citations
References
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TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.
11,809 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: This is the first in a planned series of 10 volumes that will attempt to "summarize epidemiological knowledge about all major conditions and most risk factors" and use historical trends in main determinants to project mortality and disease burden forward to 2020.
Abstract: This is the first in a planned series of 10 volumes that will attempt to "summarize epidemiological knowledge about all major conditions and most risk factors;...generate assessments of numbers of deaths by cause that are consistent with the total numbers of deaths by age sex and region provided by demographers;...provide methodologies for and assessments of aggregate disease burden that combine--into the Disability-Adjusted Life Year or DALY measure--burden from premature mortality with that from living with disability; and...use historical trends in main determinants to project mortality and disease burden forward to 2020." This first volume includes chapters summarizing results from the project as a whole. (EXCERPT)
7,154 citations
TL;DR: Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated and age-specific prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and has decreased slightly from 1990 to 2010, but population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades.
7,021 citations
TL;DR: The three leading contributors to the burden of disease are communicable and perinatal disorders affecting children, and the substantial burdens of neuropsychiatric disorders and injuries are under-recognised.
4,425 citations