Dissertation•
Disciplined reasoning: Styles of reasoning and the mainstream-heterodoxy divide in Swedish economics
01 Sep 2018-
TL;DR: The authors argue that the mainstream-heterodoxy divide is fruitfully understood in terms of the institutionalised stabilisation of a disciplinary style of reasoning, and show how economists understand their scientific approach and its merits.
Abstract: Economics is one of the most influential social science disciplines, with a high level of internal consent around a common theoretical and methodological approach to economic analysis. However, marginalised schools of thought have increasingly unified under the term “heterodox” economics, with their critical stance towards the “neoclassical mainstream” as common denominator. This has spawned debates among scholars about how to understand the nature of the mainstream-heterodoxy divide in economics.This thesis sets out to explain how such a common approach to science is generalised and stabilised in modern economics, and how this process is related to heterodoxy. Grounded in the sociology of science, it aims first to provide an empirical account of the mainstream-heterodoxy dynamics in Swedish economics, and second, to contribute to theory development. Drawing on the literature on distinct styles of reasoning in the history of science, I develop a theoretical framework of relational disciplinary styles of reasoning, which is used to analyse two bodies of empirical material from Swedish economics. The first is an in-depth interview study with researchers in economics, and the second is a document study of expert evaluation reports from the hiring of professors of economics at four of the top Swedish universities during 25 years. Through the two empirical studies, the fine-grained qualitative material provides an insight into the ways economists understand their discipline and the character of proper knowledge production.I argue that the mainstream-heterodoxy divide is fruitfully understood in terms of the institutionalised stabilisation of a disciplinary style of reasoning, and show how economists understand their scientific approach and its merits. The maintenance of the style of reasoning is the achievement of the thought collective of economists, where boundaries are constructed in relation to contesting heterodox economics and to other scientific disciplines. I show how the disciplinary style with its conception of good science and the notion of a core of the discipline is linked to the reproduction of disciplinary boundaries. I trace how this plays out through shifting quality evaluation practices, and show how top journal rankings have become a powerful judgement device which links the hierarchical ranking of top journals to the notion of a disciplinary core, and effectively functions as a mechanism of disciplinary stabilisation. In conclusion, I argue that these processes form a self-stabilising system in which the disciplinary style of reasoning and its boundaries is reproduced, with potential implications for how we understand intellectual dynamics and pluralism. (Less)
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TL;DR: To study the operational behaviour of λ-terms, this work will use the denotational (mathematical) approach to choose a space of semantics values, or denotations, where terms are to be interpreted.
Abstract: To study the operational behaviour of λ-terms, we will use the denotational (mathematical) approach. A denotational semantics for a language is based on the choice of a space of semantics values, or denotations, where terms are to be interpreted. Choosing a space with nice mathematical properties can help in proving the semantic properties of terms, since to this aim standard mathematical techniques can be used.
880 citations
TL;DR: Information is provided on how to identify the wood of several species common to the Northern Hemisphere using a hand-magnifying lens, as well as some techniques used in the study of Japan.
Abstract: Section (CRN) Meets in: Instructor: Office Ofc Hrs. STSH1110-01(60478) Carnegie 102 Jeanette Simmonds (simmoj@rpi.edu) Sage 5706 TBA STSS1110-01 (60138) Carnegie 205 Selma Sabanovic (sabans@rpi.edu) Sage 5703 Tue 4-5p IHSS1963-01 (62348) Sage 2701 Atsushi Akera (akeraa@rpi.edu) (see above) IHSS1963-02 (62349) DCC 236 Meredith Wells (wellsm@rpi.edu) TBA TBA IHSS1963-03 (62350) Sage 4203 Camar Diaz (diaztc@rpi.edu) Sage 5710 Tue./Fri. 4-5p IHSS1963-04 (62351) Carnegie 208 Lorna Ronald (ronall@rpi.edu) Sage 5706 TBA IHSS1963-05 (62352) Sage 2112 Jeffrey Hannigan (hannij@rpi.edu) Sage 5202 TBA *office hours also by appointment.
225 citations
Journal Article•
190 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The handbook of science and technology studies is universally compatible with any devices to read and is available in the authors' digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly.
Abstract: Thank you for reading handbook of science and technology studies. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their chosen books like this handbook of science and technology studies, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer. handbook of science and technology studies is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our book servers hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the handbook of science and technology studies is universally compatible with any devices to read.
166 citations
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Dissertation•
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore young women's lived experience of the body, which, on one hand, is viewed as deviant, the disabled body and, on the other hand, as accomplished, the sporting body.
Abstract: The main aim of this thesis is to explore young women’s lived experience of the body, which, on one hand, is viewed as deviant – the disabled body – and, on the other hand, is viewed as accomplished – the sporting body The questions posed in the thesis are the following: how do the young women handle the two subject positions that emerge as a result of the perception of them as respectively deviant and accomplished, which forms of femininity are available to them and what are the strategies of resistance they develop
Based on the work of philosophers Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Simone de Beauvoir, phenomenologies create in this thesis a sociological theoretical framework that includes the body Participant observation was conducted at a disability sports camp for young disabled people and at four disability sports contests The participants were recruited from both the sports camp and disability sports clubs Ten semi-structured interviews were done with young women ages 15 to 28 Three of the participants were asked to keep video diaries: they were lent a small camcorder and a lightweight tripod for two months
In this study a polarization paradoxically is apparent between the weak, which is expressed through the expression of belonging as ”we”, and the strong individual The subject position as capable and positive – as a reaction towards the weak, the negative – is one of the few positions that are available to them With the positive and strong attitude, as with distancing from the victim position, the consequence is the difficulty, not only to complain but also to express pain, despair or discomfort in one’s everyday life In this study many critical voices are raised They also tell about stumbling and incontinence At the same time the answer ”no, it’s fine” is given in many different forms In this thesis this is interpreted as an unwillingness to express negative emotions
The phrase ”I am like everyone else” and the many variations on the same theme in the empirical material are interpreted as a wish for normality Using the same logic – that attributed weakness leads to the expression of strength – the deviance that is attributed leads to a nearly extreme expression of normality The lack of gender attributed to disabled people appears to imply that if functionality is not ”normal”, there is no room for another categorization One interpretation of the material is that disability is seen in the family and in society as a different landscape, in which vulnerability needs to be compensated for by normality, which in turn results in the interview persons’ socialization into a compensatory normalcy
8 citations
01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: It is concluded that from the point of view of model building there is not a gulf between Marx and modern orthodox economics.
Abstract: Marx’s so-called ‘reproduction scheme’ as outlined in the Part Three of Capital II (1885) is probably the first macroeconomic model, even if the term ‘macroeconomics’ dates from only 1933. (In his own pioneering work on macroeconomics Tinbergen initially used the term ‘scheme’ for what later would be called ‘model’.) This paper explains how Marx’s model is designed – focussing on the type of its assumptions – how it works, and how it may be characterised in terms of the jargon of current economic methodology. The term ‘knife-edge model’ is borrowed from Solow (1956) and the term ‘caricature model’ from Gibbard and Varian (1978). Marx’s method is directed at analysing capitalism from within its own logic – here the ‘strongest case’ for economic expansion. On his way to presenting this strongest case Marx seems to construct ever more ‘caricatures’ of capitalism. The end caricature shows that balanced growth is possible, although it is balancing on a knife-edge. All the same the caricatural assumptions made under way are even so many potential points for setting into motion economic crisis. Along with these caricatural assumptions Marx makes a number of ‘neglectability assumptions’. This type of assumption shows the model builder’s theoretical mastery of the object of inquiry that the model deals with: the ability to omit so as to show important aspects or even the essence of the entity. Together with the caricatural assumptions, those of neglectability show the virtue or vice of a model and therefore also the art of the model building. It is concluded that from the point of view of model building there is not a gulf between Marx and modern orthodox economics.
8 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the importance of planering in the context of a Maltidsarbetet, and present a planering strategy for a Maltidens planering system.
Abstract: ”Vad ska vi ata ikvall?” ar en frekvent forekommande fraga i manga hushall. I familjer med yngre barn ar maltiden ofta en sarskilt prioriterad aktivitet. Det handlar inte bara om att sakerstalla att barnen far i sig mat, manga andra ideal cirkulerar kring maltiden. Gemenskap ska skapas, barn ska uppfostras och en naringsriktig, varierad och inte allt for kostsam maltid ska serveras. Samtidigt matas foraldrar med tips och ideer pa hur man pa en och samma gang skapar en ”ordentlig” maltid och ett sa enkelt vardagsliv som mojligt. En nyckel till mer tid och mer varierad mat, som ofta framhalles, ar maltidens planering. Med specifikt fokus pa maltidsarbetet i barnfamiljen ar syftet att utforska och analysera hur smabarnsfamiljer organiserar och planerar sin vardag i Sverige idag. Hur kan vi forsta maltidsarbetet dels som en konkret foreteelse men ocksa som ett standigt pagaende arbete? Utgangspunkten tas i kvinnors erfarenheter och mer specifikt i kvinnors erfarenheter av maltidsarbetet. Utifran kvalitativa intervjuer med den maltidsansvariga i familjer med yngre barn diskuteras planeringen av vardagens maltidsarbete ingaende. I analysen diskuteras hur nivan pa planering skiljer sig at, det handlar om planering nara inpa, hur vardagens aktiviteter synkroniseras och slutligen hur kvinnorna ”lever med” familjen. Sammanfattningsvis argumenteras det for att det darfor inte racker med att forsta planeringen som en rationell aktivitet, snarare handlar det om att kvinnorna i studien ”lever med familjen” i alla dess delar.
7 citations
7 citations