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Dissertation

Disciplined reasoning: Styles of reasoning and the mainstream-heterodoxy divide in Swedish economics

01 Sep 2018-
TL;DR: The authors argue that the mainstream-heterodoxy divide is fruitfully understood in terms of the institutionalised stabilisation of a disciplinary style of reasoning, and show how economists understand their scientific approach and its merits.
Abstract: Economics is one of the most influential social science disciplines, with a high level of internal consent around a common theoretical and methodological approach to economic analysis. However, marginalised schools of thought have increasingly unified under the term “heterodox” economics, with their critical stance towards the “neoclassical mainstream” as common denominator. This has spawned debates among scholars about how to understand the nature of the mainstream-heterodoxy divide in economics.This thesis sets out to explain how such a common approach to science is generalised and stabilised in modern economics, and how this process is related to heterodoxy. Grounded in the sociology of science, it aims first to provide an empirical account of the mainstream-heterodoxy dynamics in Swedish economics, and second, to contribute to theory development. Drawing on the literature on distinct styles of reasoning in the history of science, I develop a theoretical framework of relational disciplinary styles of reasoning, which is used to analyse two bodies of empirical material from Swedish economics. The first is an in-depth interview study with researchers in economics, and the second is a document study of expert evaluation reports from the hiring of professors of economics at four of the top Swedish universities during 25 years. Through the two empirical studies, the fine-grained qualitative material provides an insight into the ways economists understand their discipline and the character of proper knowledge production.I argue that the mainstream-heterodoxy divide is fruitfully understood in terms of the institutionalised stabilisation of a disciplinary style of reasoning, and show how economists understand their scientific approach and its merits. The maintenance of the style of reasoning is the achievement of the thought collective of economists, where boundaries are constructed in relation to contesting heterodox economics and to other scientific disciplines. I show how the disciplinary style with its conception of good science and the notion of a core of the discipline is linked to the reproduction of disciplinary boundaries. I trace how this plays out through shifting quality evaluation practices, and show how top journal rankings have become a powerful judgement device which links the hierarchical ranking of top journals to the notion of a disciplinary core, and effectively functions as a mechanism of disciplinary stabilisation. In conclusion, I argue that these processes form a self-stabilising system in which the disciplinary style of reasoning and its boundaries is reproduced, with potential implications for how we understand intellectual dynamics and pluralism. (Less)

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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: To study the operational behaviour of λ-terms, this work will use the denotational (mathematical) approach to choose a space of semantics values, or denotations, where terms are to be interpreted.
Abstract: To study the operational behaviour of λ-terms, we will use the denotational (mathematical) approach. A denotational semantics for a language is based on the choice of a space of semantics values, or denotations, where terms are to be interpreted. Choosing a space with nice mathematical properties can help in proving the semantic properties of terms, since to this aim standard mathematical techniques can be used.

880 citations

Journal ArticleDOI

331 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Information is provided on how to identify the wood of several species common to the Northern Hemisphere using a hand-magnifying lens, as well as some techniques used in the study of Japan.
Abstract: Section (CRN) Meets in: Instructor: Office Ofc Hrs. STSH1110-01(60478) Carnegie 102 Jeanette Simmonds (simmoj@rpi.edu) Sage 5706 TBA STSS1110-01 (60138) Carnegie 205 Selma Sabanovic (sabans@rpi.edu) Sage 5703 Tue 4-5p IHSS1963-01 (62348) Sage 2701 Atsushi Akera (akeraa@rpi.edu) (see above) IHSS1963-02 (62349) DCC 236 Meredith Wells (wellsm@rpi.edu) TBA TBA IHSS1963-03 (62350) Sage 4203 Camar Diaz (diaztc@rpi.edu) Sage 5710 Tue./Fri. 4-5p IHSS1963-04 (62351) Carnegie 208 Lorna Ronald (ronall@rpi.edu) Sage 5706 TBA IHSS1963-05 (62352) Sage 2112 Jeffrey Hannigan (hannij@rpi.edu) Sage 5202 TBA *office hours also by appointment.

225 citations

01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The handbook of science and technology studies is universally compatible with any devices to read and is available in the authors' digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly.
Abstract: Thank you for reading handbook of science and technology studies. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their chosen books like this handbook of science and technology studies, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer. handbook of science and technology studies is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our book servers hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the handbook of science and technology studies is universally compatible with any devices to read.

166 citations

References
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Dissertation
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, metakognitiva terapimodellen, dialektisk beteendeterapi, and Dialektiscale beteendeeterapi.
Abstract: Avhandlingen ar en analys av vad som kommit att kallas for den tredje generationens kognitiva beteendeterapier, har representerade av Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, den metakognitiva terapimodellen och dialektisk beteendeterapi. Avhandlingen kan delas in i tva overgripande delar. I den forsta delen utarbetas den begreppsapparat som anvandas i analysen. Nedslag gors forst och framst i Gaston Bachelards, Georges Canguilhems, Michel Foucaults och Louis Althussers bidrag till den teoretiska tradition som gar under namnet historisk epistemologi. Den roda traden i denna forsta del ar hur forutsattningarna for och konsekvenserna av manniskovetenskapernas stallning i det vasterlandska samhallet under det senaste seklet har forstatts. Mellan vetenskapen och vardagskunskapen har det enligt dessa forfattare skett ett epistemologiskt brott. Ett epistemologiskt brott sker da det vetenskapliga tankandet ifragasatter de begrepp och forklaringar som den vardagliga kunskapen bestar av. Avhandlingen placeras har aven in i en bredare vetenskapsteoretisk och kunskapssociologisk kontext. Den andra delen utgor avhandlingens empiriska del. Har analyseras de forklaringsmodeller av psykiskt lidande och psykisk halsa som anvands i de tre terapimodellerna. Dessa terapier bygger samtliga pa ett antagande om att patientens problem forsvaras och ibland till och med skapas av de strategier som patienten anvander for att forandra eller ta kontroll over sina kanslor, tankar och handlingar. Terapierna ska darfor ses som en intervention i patientens forhallningssatt till kanslor, tankar och handlingar. Terapins syfte ar att tillhandahalla nya, mer andamalsenliga satt for patienten att forhalla sig till sig sjalv och sina problem. I avhandlingen vands sedan blicken mot de tekniker som anvands i terapin for att intervenera i det psykiska lidandet. Analysen visar med hjalp av bland annat begreppet epistemologiskt brott hur terapi kan forstas som ett mote mellan tva former av kunskap (vetenskaplig och vardaglig), samt hur de anvanda teknikerna utgor en brygga mellan terapiteorins abstrakta begrepp och patientens erfarenheter och kunskap. Avhandlingen argumenterar utifran bland annat Althusser och Foucault for att en av terapins viktigaste funktioner ar att forklara hur patienten skapar ett forhallande till sig sjalv, samt erbjuda nya verktyg for att forandra detta forhallande. Avhandlingen utgor en analys av denna forandringsprocess samt av dess mojligheter och granser. (Less)

3 citations

Dissertation
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss how the post-tsunami reforms, relief efforts and outside attention have affected everyday life among the Urak Lawoi on the island of Ko Lanta Yai.
Abstract: On 26 December 2004, the Urak Lawoi sea people were hit by a huge tsunami that overwhelmed all of Southeast Asia causing the deaths of more than 350,000 people across the region. If the tsunami was the disaster, the “first wave”, the relief efforts and the assistance that came with it became the “second wave”, due to the social and economic changes that followed. The Urak Lawoi have for centuries, resided on the Andaman Sea, off western Thailand. They have long lived on islands, that today are popular touristic destinations, such as Phuket, Phi Phi, and Ko Lanta Yai. Here, they have long shared resources that the ocean can offer for subsistence. Living next to the sea is central to their identity; here, they fish, gather at the shore, and perform ancestor-spirit worship. Although they are a minority in Thailand, they maintain a culture, language, and lifestyle apart from Thai society. In this dissertation I discuss how the post-tsunami reforms, relief efforts and outside attention have affected everyday life among the Urak Lawoi on the island of Ko Lanta Yai. The dissertation is based on 36 months of ethnographic fieldwork that stretches over a decade (2002-2013), before and after the tsunami. I have used video cameras to film, providing a deeper understanding of the empirical data collected. The monograph provides an empirical understanding of how global economic interests and transnational migration influence local communities. Examples from fieldwork are used to demonstrate how an indigenous people were deprived of their territory (which in this case includes the sea), and how this affected their religion but also hampered their self-sufficient economy as they became increasingly dependent on a solid monetary income. The analysis reveals how a response to a natural disaster can accelerate the integration of local people into the global economic arena under the conditions of tourism development. The rebuilding activities, new regulations, and social integration processes became catalysts for the local government to implement desired changes that suited tourism growth. The study demonstrates how development increased the inequalities of people’s living conditions and made people without land entitlements more vulnerable. Those who have access to land were the best at integrating with Thai society, but they were also the best at preserving their identity.Thus, I argue, a natural disaster can be used as a pretext for exploitation in favor of tourism development in the affected area, and speed up the process of change. I conclude that outsiders have a desire to create stereotypes of the Urak Lawoi, who only have the “right” to retain their identity as “sea people” if they adapt their traditions and culture to suit tourism development. Although vulnerable, the Urak Lawoi do not see themselves as victims but show strong agency and creativity to act within limitations in society.

3 citations

01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, a sport camp for children and youth with disabilities is described, where participants are asked to take part in sport activities with the goal of improving their physical ability and social spirit, and the positive social spirit within the sport for disabled is discussed.
Abstract: The issue of this article is how disability and gender intersect when physically disabled children and youth choose to take long-term part in sports. The data has been derived from participant observations on a sport camp for youth with disabilities, and open-ended interviews with five physically disabled youngster, between 10 and 15 years old, and two table tennis coaches, 19 and 31 years old. The positive effects of sports, which have been established in previous research, are confirmed. However, the normalizing function of physical educational classes seems to depend on the active interest of the teachers, and their knowledge about disability. The autonomy of young people with disability is discussed. The question whether autonomy is at all desirable is posed. The positive social spirit within the sport for disabled is taken up, as well as its influence on the dominating sporting and masculine discourse. Finally the internalized negative expectations of the physical ability of the disabled is dealt with, and the capacity of sports to change these.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the current climate characterized by scrutiny and control of science, it is not too surprising to encounter appeals to an "economics of science" that will serve to structure the inchoate impressions of the various constituencies involved, as well as to provide a basis for reasoned debate and guidance for public policy as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In the current climate characterized by scrutiny and control of science, it is not too surprising to encounter appeals to an “economics of science” that will serve to structure the inchoate impressions of the various constituencies involved, as well as to provide a basis for reasoned debate and guidance for public policy. This focused discussion piece lays the historical and discilpinary foundation for that debate.

3 citations