Journal Article•
Discrimination against Mixed-Status Families and its Health Impact on Latino Children.
01 Jan 2018-The journal of applied research on children : informing policy for children at risk (NIH Public Access)-Vol. 10, Iss: 1, pp 6
TL;DR: This qualitative study explored discrimination against mixed-status families and its potential health impact on Latino children from the perspective of Latina mothers and identified nine themes that reflected experiences with discrimination and its negative impact on children.
Abstract: Background and Objective Restrictive immigration policies and discrimination are associated with negative health outcomes for immigrant and Latino families. Mixed-status families represent a unique subpopulation of Latinos affected by restrictive immigration policies. This qualitative study explored discrimination against mixed-status families and its potential health impact on Latino children from the perspective of Latina mothers. Methods In 2017, twenty in-depth interviews with Latina mothers of mixed-status families living in northwestern North Carolina were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed. Constant comparison, an approach to grounded theory development, was used. Results Nine themes emerged that reflected experiences with discrimination and its negative impact on children. Themes included more frequent and severe discrimination during and after the 2016 US presidential election, determination to stay together and remain in the US, experiences of discrimination in multiple settings, the impact of discrimination on child health and well-being, the impact of fear and stress on meeting the needs of children, the burdening role of children as liaisons between families and services, the inability of citizenship to protect against the effects of discrimination, positive and hopeful responses to discrimination, and the potential role of education in building a foundation for reducing discrimination (and thus promoting the health and well-being of Latino children) in the future. Conclusions Discrimination against mixed-status, Latino families constitutes a critical threat to the health and well-being of Latino children. Further research should inform immigration policies that support (rather than threaten) the health, well-being, and health care practices that mitigate the stresses experienced by Latino children.
Citations
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TL;DR: Although the adolescents in this study face multiple stressors, immigration enforcement fear may heighten their perception of discrimination, in turn, likely elevating their physiological and family separation anxiety.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined how federal immigration policies introduced after the 2016 U.S. presidential election impacted social networks and support related to health for undocumented and mixed-status Latino families.
17 citations
TL;DR: Light is shed into the significant increase of anxiety of the Latinx youth studied, and the relationship between parental separation and anxiety disorders is explored.
3 citations
DOI•
01 Jan 2021
2 citations
Cites background from "Discrimination against Mixed-Status..."
...However, immigrants often avoid using any type of public assistance—including SNAP and public health insurance—even when eligible, because of the fear of risking future citizenship (i.e., green card) status (Bernstein et al., 2019; Bovell-Ammon, 2019; Callaghan et al., 2019; Singer et al., 2018)....
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TL;DR: The authors used the minority child development model to explore how Hispanic/Latino parents discuss anti-Latino and anti-immigrant discrimination, bias, and unfair treatment with their children, and found that seven major strategies utilized by Hispanic and Latino parents emerged: (1) champion success; (2) comfort and encourage; (3) advocate, appeal, and defend; (4) understand, ignore, and accept; (5) learn from it; (6) teach tolerance; and (7) prepare for bias).
Abstract: In recent years, discrimination toward Hispanic/Latino Americans has escalated, threatening the health of Hispanic/Latino families and children. Previous research in African American families demonstrates the importance of parent–child communication in interrupting the pathway between childhood discrimination and poor health outcomes, but parent–child communication regarding discrimination has not been well-studied in Hispanic/Latino families. This study uses the minority child development model to explore how Hispanic/Latino parents discuss anti-Latino and anti-immigrant discrimination, bias, and unfair treatment with their children. In-depth interviews were performed with Hispanic/Latino immigrant parents (N = 14) of 25 children ages 5–17 years. Interviews were analyzed using phenomenological thematic analysis. Seven major strategies utilized by Hispanic/Latino parents emerged: (1) champion success; (2) comfort and encourage; (3) advocate, appeal, and defend; (4) understand, ignore, and accept; (5) learn from it; (6) teach tolerance; and (7) prepare for bias. The development of resources to enhance parent skills in this area is discussed.
1 citations
References
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Book•
12 Oct 2017
TL;DR: The Discovery of Grounded Theory as mentioned in this paper is a book about the discovery of grounded theories from data, both substantive and formal, which is a major task confronting sociologists and is understandable to both experts and laymen.
Abstract: Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from data--systematically obtained and analyzed in social research--can be furthered. The discovery of theory from data--grounded theory--is a major task confronting sociology, for such a theory fits empirical situations, and is understandable to sociologists and laymen alike. Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications. In Part I of the book, "Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis," the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. This strategy involves the systematic choice and study of several comparison groups. In Part II, The Flexible Use of Data," the generation of theory from qualitative, especially documentary, and quantitative data Is considered. In Part III, "Implications of Grounded Theory," Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory. The Discovery of Grounded Theory is directed toward improving social scientists' capacity for generating theory that will be relevant to their research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomena--political, educational, economic, industrial-- especially If their studies are based on qualitative data.
53,267 citations
"Discrimination against Mixed-Status..." refers background in this paper
...This inductive approach focused on understanding broad experiences and building understanding based on emergent patterns rather than beginning the inquiry process with a preconceived notion of what was occurring.(23) The goal was not to quantify experiences but rather to capture the broad arrange of experiences related to discrimination and its impact on mixed-status families....
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44,847 citations
TL;DR: Given the context of the interdisciplinary nature of research at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), this work has sought to develop explicit guidelines for all aspects of qualitative data analysis, including codebook development.
Abstract: One of the key elements in qualitative data analysis is the systematic coding of text (Strauss and Corbin 1990:57%60; Miles and Huberman 1994:56). Codes are the building blocks for theory or model building and the foundation on which the analyst’s arguments rest. Implicitly or explicitly, they embody the assumptions underlying the analysis. Given the context of the interdisciplinary nature of research at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), we have sought to develop explicit guidelines for all aspects of qualitative data analysis, including codebook development.
1,320 citations
"Discrimination against Mixed-Status..." refers background in this paper
...Research suggests that collaborative analysis of qualitative data from speakers of different languages -- with iterative discussion, reflection, and negotiation of themes -- yields higher quality and more accurate findings.(24-26) To minimize bias, the first two authors completed a multistage inductive interpretive thematic process by separately reading and re-reading the transcripts to identify potential codes, coming...
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TL;DR: Controversy remain, particularly around the best approach to measuring experiences of discrimination, the significance of racial/ethnic discrimination versus overall mistreatment, the need to account for "intersectionalities," and the importance of comprehensive assessments, along with emerging areas of emphasis.
Abstract: Over the past two decades, research examining the impact of self-reported experiences of discrimination on mental and physical health has increased dramatically. Studies have found consistent associations between exposure to discrimination and a wide range of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-diagnosed mental disorders as well as objective physical health outcomes. Associations are seen in cross-sectional as well as longitudinal studies and persist even after adjustment for confounding variables, including personality characteristics and other threats to validity. However, controversies remain, particularly around the best approach to measuring experiences of discrimination, the significance of racial/ethnic discrimination versus overall mistreatment, the need to account for "intersectionalities," and the importance of comprehensive assessments. These issues are discussed in detail, along with emerging areas of emphasis including cyber discrimination, anticipatory stress or vigilance around discrimination, and interventions with potential to reduce the negative effects of discrimination on health. We also discuss priorities for future research and implications for interventions and policy.
669 citations
TL;DR: Perceived discrimination among Latinos is less prevalent than what has been reported for other minorities andVariations in perceived discrimination are related to sociodemographic and cultural differences across ethnic subgroups.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study reports on the prevalence and correlates of perceived discrimination among a national sample of Latinos in the U.S. Understanding the prevalence and correlates of discrimination can help us better address disparities in the healthcare system. We define perceived discrimination as self-reported everyday experiences of unfair treatment. METHODS: Logistic regression analyses were used to assess rates of perceived discrimination among Latinos and identify correlates of discrimination. Data came from the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS). RESULTS: The prevalence of perceived discrimination among Latinos was 30%. Cubans and Latinos with high ethnic identity were less likely to perceive discrimination compared to other Latino subgroups or Latinos with low ethnic identity. U.S.-born Latinos and Latinos arriving to the U.S. at younger ages were more likely to perceive discrimination compared to immigrants arriving at older ages. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived discrimination among Latinos is less prevalent than what has been reported for other minorities. Variations in perceived discrimination are related to sociodemographic and cultural differences across ethnic subgroups.
482 citations
"Discrimination against Mixed-Status..." refers background in this paper
...Despite being one of the largest, fastest-growing minority populations in the United States (US), Latinos face high rates of discrimination.(9-13) This may be related to a number of factors, including (but not limited to) actual and perceived race, ethnicity, language preference, or immigration status....
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