Q2. What is the way to test the SLMed 316LSS?
The good stability of pre-existing dislocation network structure even at ultra-high 256 stress level in their as-SLMed 316LSS is crucial for the enhancement of ductility.
Q3. How many atomic layers of nano-twins are there?
Those nano-twins should have 236 significant influence on dislocation motion, resulting in stable plastic deformation by strain 237 hardening through the dynamic Hall-Petch effect similar to that in nano-twined copper and 238 TWIP steels.38, 39 2393.4
Q4. What is the effect of dislocations on the SLMed pillar?
It indicates that with the dislocation network, the as-184 SLMed pillar had much better ability of dislocation storage where dislocations found 185 significant difficulty during glide before they eventually slipped out from the surface 186 therefore displayed both higher strength and better plastic stability.
Q5. What was the laser used to build the 61 standard build?
The 61 standard build was performed by a selective laser melting facility EOSINT M270 (EOS GmbH, 62 Krailling, Germany) equipped with a continuous Nd:YAG fiber laser generator with maximum 63 200 W power output and typically 70 μm diameter laser spot.
Q6. What is the strain hardening rate of SLMed 316LSS?
The strain hardening rate of SLMed 316LSS starts at a low value but maintains stable 278 and even gradually increases during entire plastic deformation till the failure.
Q7. What is the effect of the 117 process on the yield strength of a SLMed?
A number of previous research on SLMed 316L reported that the 117 process improves the yield strength but reduces or has little effect on ductility.
Q8. How many micropillars were kept in the stainless steel envelop?
One of them were packed in the stainless steel 85 envelop and heated to 1050 oC with the ramp rate of 10 oC/min, kept for 2 hours and 86 followed by water quench.
Q9. What is the main factor affecting the tensile results of SLMed 316?
An annular dark field (ADF) STEM image and elemental distribution maps of 128 the selected area in c. 129Residual stress can be generated during SLM process, but it was not considered as the main 130 factor affecting the tensile results in this work.
Q10. What is the yield strength of the SLMed 316LSS?
Previous studies show that residual stress in 131 SLMed sample can be comparable to the yield strength of the material near the top surface 132 but is much lower in the lower part of the sample.
Q11. What is the yield strength of the as-174 SLMed sample?
The as-174 SLMed sample shows almost doubled yield strength and much smoother plastic flow behavior than 175 the annealed sample.
Q12. What was the thickness of the layer of powder laid on the steel building plate?
During the building process, a 64 layer of powder (20 µm in thickness) was laid by a recoating blade on a steel building plate 65 which was preheated to 80 oC.
Q13. What is the effect of the strain rate hardening rate on the SLMed 277?
The characteristic size of the 285 dislocation network structure is retained even at the late stage of the plastic deformation 286 when high flow stress is reached.
Q14. What is the role of strain hardening in SLMed 277 316LSS?
On the other hand, the evolution of 276 strain hardening rate also plays an important role for the high tensile elongation of SLMed 277 316LSS.
Q15. How is the mechanism of simultaneously improvements of strength and ductility confirmed?
The mechanism of simultaneously improvements of strength and ductility 240Combining the multiscale mechanical properties-structure characterizations and in-situ TEM 241 testing, it is confirmed that the pre-existing dislocation network structure has significant 242 contribution to the high strength and ductility of as-SLMed 316LSS.
Q16. What is the contribution of strain rate hardening?
In wrought-annealed 316LSS, the contribution from strain rate hardening is not significant 270 due to a negligible m value at the latter stage of plastic deformation.