Journal ArticleDOI
Disrupted Retrieval in Directed Forgetting: A Link With Posthypnotic Amnesia
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TLDR
In this paper, a midlist instruction to forget the first half of a list was found to reduce later recall of the items learned incidentally as well as those learned intentionally, which suggests that a cue to forget can lead to a disruption of retrieval processes.Abstract:
Certain reliable findings from research on directed forgetting seem difficult to accommodate in terms of the theoretical processes, such as selective rehearsal or storage differentiation, that have been put forward to account for directed-forgetting phenomena. Some kind of "missing mechanism" appears to be involved. In order to circumvent the methodological constraints that have limited the conclusions investigators could draw from past experiments, a new paradigm is introduced herein that includes a mixture of intentional and incidental learning. With this paradigm, a midlist instruction to forget the first half of a list was found to reduce later recall of the items learned incidentally as well as those learned intentionally. This result suggests that a cue to forget can lead to a disruption of retrieval processes as well as to the alteration of encoding processes postulated in prior theories. The results also provide a link between intentional forgetting and the literature on posthypnotic amnesia, in which disrupted retrieval has been implicated. With each of these procedures, the information that can be remembered is typically recalled out of order and often with limited recollection for when the information had been presented. It therefore was concluded here that retrieval inhibition plays a significant role in nonhypnotic as well as in hypnotic instances of directed forgetting. The usefulness of retrieval inhibition as a mechanism for memory updating was also discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Paradoxical Effects of Thought Suppression
TL;DR: In this paper, subjects verbalizing the stream of consciousness for a 5min period were asked to try not to think of a white bear, but to ring a bell in case they did.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suppressing unwanted memories by executive control
Michael C. Anderson,Collin Green +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that executive control processes not uniquely tied to trauma may provide a viable model for repression, and that this cognitive act has enduring consequences for the rejected memories.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rethinking interference theory: Executive control and the mechanisms of forgetting.
TL;DR: In this article, it is argued that forgetting is not a passive side effect of storing new memories, but results from inhibitory control mechanisms recruited to override prepotent responses, and the relation between this executive control theory of forgetting and classical accounts of interference is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Working-memory capacity, proactive interference, and divided attention: limits on long-term memory retrieval.
Michael J. Kane,Randall W. Engle +1 more
TL;DR: Results indicate a role for attentional processing, perhaps inhibitory in nature, at encoding and retrieval, and are discussed with respect to theories of WM and prefrontal cortex function.
Journal ArticleDOI
A context maintenance and retrieval model of organizational processes in free recall
TL;DR: The authors present the context maintenance and retrieval (CMR) model of memory search, a generalized version of the temporal context model of M. W. Howard and M. Kahana (2002a), which proposes that memory search is driven by an internally maintained context representation composed of stimulus-related and source-related features.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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