Distributed network control for establishing reliability-constrained least-cost lightpaths in WDM mesh networks
23 Sep 2003-pp 678-683
TL;DR: Four heuristics are proposed and their performance is studied through extensive simulation experiments, suggesting that they provide better performance compared to other distributed protocols available, in terms of average call acceptance rate, average path cost, average routing distance, and average connection setup time.
Abstract: A control scheme which is used to set up and tear down lightpaths, should not only be fast and efficient, must also be scalable, and should try to minimize the number of blocked connections; while satisfying the requested level of fault-tolerance. In this work we propose a distributed control scheme based on preferred link approach for establishing reliability-constrained least-cost lightpaths, by choosing the reliability of a lightpath to denote the level of fault-tolerance required by the connection request. Four heuristics are proposed and their performance is studied through extensive simulation experiments. The simulation results suggest that our heuristics provide better performance compared to other distributed protocols available, in terms of average call acceptance rate, average path cost, average routing distance, and average connection setup time; when the connection requests with different levels of fault-tolerance requirements arrive to and depart from the network randomly.
Citations
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TL;DR: This paper proposes distributed dynamic routing algorithms for QoS constrained routing and survivable routing, based on preferred link routing approach, and proposes a distributed routing algorithm for fault-tolerant connections and describes how dedicated and shared protection can be provided in the case of single link failures.
7 citations
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: The goal of the work is to dynamically provide a best OVPN connection during frequent arrival of connection requests with QoS requirements with the effect of polarization mode dispersion for the computation of Q-Factors which is prominent effect at high speed networks.
Abstract: Due to high demand of optical virtual private network (OVPN) connection setup with guaranteed quality of service (QoS) requirement, it is necessary to provide such application by the provider network. In order to support this we propose a QoS based OVPN connection set up mechanism over WDM network to the end customer, which also maintains the minimum blocking probability. The proposed WDM network model can be specified in terms of QoS parameters such as bandwidth and delay. We estimated those QoS parameters based on available resources and QoS requirements in terms of quality factor (Q-Factor). In this mechanism the OVPN connections also can be created or deleted according to the availability of the resources. In this paper we have considered the effect of polarization mode dispersion for the computation of Q-Factors which is prominent effect at high speed networks. The goal of the work is to dynamically provide a best OVPN connection during frequent arrival of connection requests with QoS requirements. .
4 citations
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: A number of new distributed protocols and algorithms are presented to solve the challenges of survivable mesh networks and provide new distributed frameworks to support Quality of Service (QoS) differentiation.
Abstract: Motivated by the rapid growth of the internet, the increasing demand and the nature of traffic, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is now beginning to expand from a network core technology towards the metropolitan and access networks. However, huge amount of data can be lost and large numbers of users can be disrupted during the times of failure in WDM optical networks. Therefore, a reliable optical layer that can quickly and efficiently respond to failures, such as fiber cuts, is a critical issue to users and service providers. The major challenge in survivable mesh networks is the design of distributed management protocols and resource allocation algorithms that allocate network resources efficiently and are able to quickly recover from a failure. This issue is particularly more challenging in optical networks operating under distributed control, where there is no global information available; and under wavelength continuity constraint, where the same wavelength must be assigned on all links in the selected path. This thesis presents a number of new distributed protocols and algorithms to solve these challenges. The second part of this thesis provides new distributed frameworks to support Quality of Service (QoS) differentiation. These frameworks provide differentiated protection services to meet customers' availability requirements effectively. We describe the availability-analysis for connections with different protection schemes. Through this analysis, we show how connection availability is affected by resource sharing. Based on the availability analysis, the proposed framework provisions each connection in which an appropriate level of protection is provided according to its predefined availability requirement. We consider the networks without wavelength conversion capability as well as dynamic traffic environment. In these distributed frameworks we propose several distributed schemes to provision and manage connections cost-effectively while satisfying the existing and new connections availability requirements. To the memory of my father Mahmoud Alsukhni (Abu Ziad) and to my mother Maryam Nawasreh (Um Ziad)
3 citations
22 Jun 2010
TL;DR: This work proposes a distributed control scheme based on parallel fixed alternative routing approach for establishing AGLC lightpaths and chooses the availability of a connection as a quality of service (QoS) parameter to denote different levels of protection.
Abstract: The trend in the development of intelligent optical networks is the move towards a unified solution, to support voice, data, and various services. Nowadays, different applications may need different levels of protection and differ in how much they are willing to pay for the service they get. A control scheme which is used to set up and tear down lightpaths, should not only be fast and efficient, but also be scalable. In addition, it should also try to minimize the connection cost and the number of blocked connections while satisfying the requested level of availability. In this work we choose the availability of a connection as a quality of service (QoS) parameter to denote different levels of protection. It is proven that the Availability-Guaranteed least-cost (AGLC) routing problem is NP-complete. We propose a distributed control scheme based on parallel fixed alternative routing approach for establishing AGLC lightpaths. The proposed framework performance is studied through extensive simulation experiments on wavelength selective network with different traffic loads. The simulation results show that our proposed framework provides better performance in terms of average blocking probability, and average routing distance average path cost.
2 citations
Dissertation•
01 Dec 2014
TL;DR: Four different QoS estimation techniques have been proposed here and it is important to understand the process and provide the network as well as the PLI information to the OVPNCM and use this information efficiently to compute feasible connections along with Q-Factor values.
Abstract: Quality of Service (QoS) in optical virtual private network (OVPN) is a demanding factor for communication network application. To provide desired QoS, the control plane
in an all optical network (AON) has to be designed to maximize the quality of an OVPN connections (OVPNC). The AON is generally characterized by various network and physical layer parameters, which are used by the OVPN control manager (OVPNCM) for the estimation of quality factor (Q-Factor) for a set of possible OVPNC. It is observed that, not only the network layer parameters, but also the physical layer parameters called as physical layer impairments (PLIs) have impact on connection quality. In optical networks, the PLIs are incurred by non-ideal optical transmission media and accumulate along the optical connection. The overall effect of PLIs can be analyzed to determine the feasibility of quality based OVPNC. It is important to understand the process and provide the network as well as the PLI information to the OVPNCM and use this information efficiently to compute feasible connections along with Q-Factor values. Based on these, four different QoS estimation techniques have been proposed here.
1 citations
References
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TL;DR: The authors derive an upper bound on the carried traffic of connections for any routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithm in a reconfigurable optical network and quantifies the amount of wavelength reuse achievable in large networks as a function of the number of wavelengths, number of edges, and number of nodes for randomly constructed networks as well as de Bruijn networks.
Abstract: Considers routing connections in a reconfigurable optical network using WDM. Each connection between a pair of nodes in the network is assigned a path through the network and a wavelength on that path, such that connections whose paths share a common link in the network are assigned different wavelengths. The authors derive an upper bound on the carried traffic of connections (or equivalently, a lower bound on the blocking probability) for any routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithm in such a network. The bound scales with the number of wavelengths and is achieved asymptotically (when a large number of wavelengths is available) by a fixed RWA algorithm. The bound can be used as a metric against which the performance of different RWA algorithms can be compared for networks of moderate size. The authors illustrate this by comparing the performance of a simple shortest-path RWA (SP-RWA) algorithm via simulation relative to the bound. They also derive a similar bound for optical networks using dynamic wavelength converters, which are equivalent to circuit-switched telephone networks, and compare the two cases. Finally, they quantify the amount of wavelength reuse achievable in large networks using the SP-RWA via simulation as a function of the number of wavelengths, number of edges, and number of nodes for randomly constructed networks as well as de Bruijn networks. They also quantify the difference in wavelength reuse between two different optical node architectures. >
1,046 citations
"Distributed network control for est..." refers background in this paper
...Random edge costs are generated uniformly from the set [1, 10]....
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...In centralized control [1], whenever a request is generated at a node, it sends the request to the central controller....
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TL;DR: An architecture for controlling a wavelength-routed optical network with distributed control protocols that allow connection originators to obtain resources with high probability by minimizing reservation conflicts, and allow connections to stay up even if controllers along the path in the network fail.
Abstract: This paper describes an architecture for controlling a wavelength-routed optical network. The optical network provides reconfigurable connections that can be used to carry different types of data, at possibly different bit rates. A connection consists of a path in the network and a wavelength on each link in that path. This work focuses on the mechanisms for controlling the optical connections. Distributed control protocols are provided for setting up and taking down connections reliably. These protocols allow connection originators to obtain resources with high probability by minimizing reservation conflicts, allow connections to stay up even if controllers along the path in the network fail, ensure that controllers in the network have a consistent view of the state of each connection, and ensure that all resources taken up by a connection are released once the connection is taken down. Fast protocols are also proposed for handling link failures and wavelength failures on a link. These protocols are general in that they can be used in networks with: (1) different kinds of node architectures (electrical/optical switching, with or without wavelength conversion, etc.), (2) different route-computation algorithms that reflect the underlying constraints imposed by the nodes and the physical layer, and (3) any kind of underlying mechanism using which the network controllers can communicate with each other.
122 citations
TL;DR: This paper describes distributed (or decentralized) protocols for establishing wavelength paths in point-to-point WDM networks and finds that wavelength conversion can result in a performance advantage in a distributed environment.
Abstract: This paper describes distributed (or decentralized) protocols for establishing wavelength paths in point-to-point WDM networks. Distributed control improves reliability as well as scalability and reduces implementation cost of a network, but also presents major challenges in managing/allocating wavelengths efficiently. Two types of distributed wavelength reservation protocols are proposed and evaluated, namely forward and backward. The benefit of wavelength conversion is assessed first based on the evaluation of the forward reservation protocols, and it is found that wavelength conversion can result in a performance advantage in a distributed environment. For networks without wavelength conversion, a class of backward reservation protocols is studied and shown to generally perform better than their forward counterparts.
108 citations
"Distributed network control for est..." refers background in this paper
...In [2, 3], distributed control protocols, namely, source initiated reservation (SIR) and destination initiated reservation (DIR) have been proposed for selecting wavelengths in WDM networks with and without wavelength converters....
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...In distributed control [2, 3, 4, 5], no central controller is assumed to be present....
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24 Mar 1996
TL;DR: This paper describes an architecture for adding an underlying wavelength-routed optical layer to a standard ATM network that provides reconfigurable lightpaths that serve as links between electronic ATM switches.
Abstract: This paper describes an architecture for adding an underlying wavelength-routed optical layer to a standard ATM network. The optical layer provides reconfigurable lightpaths that serve as links between electronic ATM switches. A lightpath is carried on a particular wavelength and path in the underlying optical wavelength-routed network. This work focuses on the mechanisms for controlling the optical layer. Distributed control protocols are provided for setting up and taking down lightpaths reliably and for updating the topology of the network, including the lightpaths. These protocols allow lightpath originators to obtain resources with high probability by minimizing reservation conflicts, allow lightpaths to stay up even if controllers along the path in the network fail, ensure that controllers in the network have a consistent view of the state of each lightpath, and ensure that all resources taken up by a lightpath are released once the lightpath is taken down.
102 citations
"Distributed network control for est..." refers background in this paper
...In [5], a new architecture to add a wavelength-routed optical layer to a standard ATM network has been proposed....
[...]
...In distributed control [2, 3, 4, 5], no central controller is assumed to be present....
[...]
22 Sep 1997
TL;DR: It is found that Dir protocols generally perform better than SIR protocols, however, the impacts of DIR protocols on the performance of a network using LM and PM are different.
Abstract: Path multiplexing (PM) and link multiplexing (LM) are two approaches for establishing connections (or lightpaths) in optical networks. This paper describes distributed control protocols for establishing lightpaths in WDM networks using LM and PM. We propose and evaluate the performance of two classes of protocols, namely source initiated reservation (SIR) and destination initiated reservation (DIR). It is found that DIR protocols generally perform better than SIR protocols. However, the impacts of DIR protocols on the performance of a network using LM and PM are different.
83 citations
"Distributed network control for est..." refers background in this paper
...In [2, 3], distributed control protocols, namely, source initiated reservation (SIR) and destination initiated reservation (DIR) have been proposed for selecting wavelengths in WDM networks with and without wavelength converters....
[...]
...In distributed control [2, 3, 4, 5], no central controller is assumed to be present....
[...]