Diurnal and seasonal variations of carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in Delhi city
01 Jan 2003-International Journal of Environment and Pollution (Inderscience Publishers)-Vol. 19, Iss: 1, pp 75-96
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed air quality data for three years from 1997 to 1999, at two air quality control regions in Delhi city, and found that the highest ground-level concentrations of CO and NO2 occurred during winter (November to March) and the lowest during the tropical monsoon period (July to September) at both regions.
Abstract: Motor vehicle exhaust emissions are one of the major causes of air quality deterioration in most of the cities of the developing world. Carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are significant contributors to this adverse effect on the environment. This study analyses air quality data for three years from 1997 to 1999, at two air quality control regions in Delhi city. The regions are a major traffic intersection and the moderately busy straight Khelgaon Marg road. The data were obtained from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Delhi. The results show that the highest ground-level concentrations of CO and NO2 occurred during winter (November to March) and the lowest during the tropical monsoon period (July to September) at both regions. Typical average monthly, weekly and diurnal cycles of CO at both regions have also been analysed, and show that CO concentrations are higher at the intersection than along the road. Further, the monthly average NO2 concentrations were also found to be higher at the intersection.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the state of the atmosphere determines the development, transport, dispersion, and deposition of air pollutants, and there is concern that climate change could affect morbidity and mortality.
Abstract: ObjectiveBecause the state of the atmosphere determines the development, transport, dispersion, and deposition of air pollutants, there is concern that climate change could affect morbidity and mor
258 citations
Cites background from "Diurnal and seasonal variations of ..."
...Some air pollutants demonstrate clear seasonal cycles (Alvarez et al. 2000; EigurenFernandez et al. 2004; Hazenkamp-Von Arx 2004; Kassomenos et al. 2003; Nagendra and Khare 2003)....
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TL;DR: There are significant differences in seasonal variations of criteria pollutant concentrations in various parts of a large urban area caused by the microclimatic heterogeneity of the city and the influence of breeze and orographic-type circulations on urban air pollution.
Abstract: This paper examines the significant differences in seasonal variations of criteria pollutant concentrations in various parts of a large urban area. These differences are caused by the microclimatic heterogeneity of the city and show the influence of breeze and orographic-type circulations on urban air pollution. The temperature heterogeneity of Krasnoyarsk territory during the winter leads to an increase of 150% in CO air pollution levels in the central part of city. During the summer the orographical heterogeneity of Krasnoyarsk City leads to increases of up to 400% in air pollution for different areas.
16 citations
Cites background from "Diurnal and seasonal variations of ..."
...In contrast to European cities, which typically have building densities from 14% to 58% (Theurer 1999), the zones marked to measure air pollution concentrations for Krasnoyarsk City have building densities from 5% to 30%....
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...Annual variations of sulphur dioxide and CO concentrations with a winter maximum have been observed in Venice, Los Angeles, Delhi, and in cities in England, Canada, and eastern Europe (Summers 1968; Witz et al. 1975; Zannetti 1977; Meetham et al. 1981; Nagendra and Khare 2003; ACCENT 2006)....
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...These pollutants are the most widely distributed in the European region and pose a risk to human health (WHO 2001)....
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...In large European cities, an increase in pollutant concentrations is frequently observed in winter....
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01 Jan 2008
Abstract: We review how climate change could affect future concentrations of tropospheric ozone and particulate matter (PM), and what chang- ing concentrations could mean for population health, as well as studies projecting the impacts of climate change on air quality and the impacts of these changes on morbidity/mortality. Climate change could affect local to regional air quality through changes in chemical reaction rates, boundary layer heights that affect vertical mix- ing of pollutants, and changes in synoptic airflow patterns that govern pollutant transport. Sources of uncertainty are the degree of future climate change, future emissions of air pollutants and their precursors, and how population vulnerability may change in the future. Given the uncertainties, projections suggest that climate change will in- crease concentrations of tropospheric ozone, at least in high-income countries when precursor emissions are held constant, increasing morbidi- ty/mortality. There are few projections for low- and middle-income countries. The evidence is less robust for PM, because few studies have been conducted. More research is needed to better un- derstand the possible impacts of climate change on air pollution-related health impacts.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review how climate change could affect future concentrations of tropospheric ozone and particulate matter (PM), and what changing concentrations could mean for population health, as well as studies projecting the impacts of climate change on air quality.
Abstract: We review how climate change could affect future concentrations of tropospheric ozone and particulate matter (PM), and what changing concentrations could mean for population health, as well as studies projecting the impacts of climate change on air quality and the impacts of these changes on morbidity/mortality. Climate change could affect local to regional air quality through changes in chemical reaction rates, boundary layer heights that affect vertical mixing of pollutants, and changes in synoptic airflow patterns that govern pollutant transport. Sources of uncertainty are the degree of future climate change, future emissions of air pollutants and their precursors, and how population vulnerability may change in the future. Given the uncertainties, projections suggest that climate change will increase concentrations of tropospheric ozone, at least in high-income countries when precursor emissions are held constant, increasing morbidity/mortality. There are few projections for low- and middle-income countries. The evidence is less robust for PM, because few studies have been conducted. More research is needed to better understand the possible impacts of climate change on air pollution-related health impacts.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used portable digital air pollution detecting device for 30 days in each of the representative apex months of dry (April) and wet (August) months of 2018 in Kano Metropolis.
Abstract: Introduction: Hitherto studies have concentrated on the pollution concentration in an ambient environment not putting into cognizance meteorological factors that can determine the fate/trail of the pollutant in the atmosphere. Materials and methods: Accordingly, the study monitored ambient topical air triplicate day-time concentration of NO2, PM10, SO2, H2S and CO using portable digital air pollution detecting device for 30 days in each of the representative apex months of dry (April) and wet (August) months of 2018 in Kano Metropolis. However, meteorological data were collated from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet). Results: The result showed pollution concentration for Bompai and Sabon Gari are the highest followed by Dowrawa and school of technology. On the other hand Bompai and Sabon Gari had higher concentration in all pollutants in dry season followed by school of technology and Dowrawa. Furthermore, temperature, relative humidity and precipitation washout or scavenging effect on the pollutants were analyzed quantitatively. The result showed concentration of the pollutants in the atmosphere where lower under condition of increased precipitation, low temperature and increased humidity level compared to that of the dry season. Conclusion: Consequently, the study exposes the influence of meteorological parameters on the seasonal variability, concentration and environmental fate of pollutant, which could be used in controlling urban air pollution thereby sustainably improving environmental quality and protecting human health. A R T I C L E I N F O R M A T I O N Article Chronology: Received 24 February 2020 Revised 29 February 2020 Accepted 18 March 2020 Published 29 March 2020
11 citations
Cites background from "Diurnal and seasonal variations of ..."
...This may be explained by a combination of washout effect of precipitation from the atmosphere during wet season [46, 47]....
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