Diversity of marine fungi from Egyptian Red Sea mangroves
TL;DR: The diversity of fungi recorded in Red Sea mangroves is comparable to that recorded from subtropicalMangroves, and lower than that recorded in tropical mangrove communities.
Abstract: The current study extends our knowledge of the biogeography of subtropical mangrove fungi from the Red Sea, which has not been well explored. Diversity of marine fungi in Red Sea mangroves in Egypt was assessed, and fungi dominating the communities were recorded and compared with those from other mangroves in subtropical and tropical regions. Intertidal decayed mangrove wood samples were collected from six mangrove stands located on the Red Sea coast in Egypt. Thirty-nine fungal species were identified on decayed wood of Avicennia marina. Of these, 19 are new records for Egypt and the Red Sea. The most frequent fungus was Swampomyces armeniacus. Other common fungi include: Hypoxylon sp., Lineolata rhizophorae, Kallichroma tethys, Swampomyces aegyptiacus and Lulworthia grandispora. Common fungi in the northern sites were different from those recorded from southern sites. Six fungi were recorded on Rhizophora mucronata prop roots for the first time in Red Sea mangroves. The diversity of fungi recorded in Red Sea mangroves is comparable to that recorded from subtropical mangroves, and lower than that recorded from tropical mangroves.
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TL;DR: An updated outline of the Sordariomycetes and a backbone tree incorporating asexual and sexual genera in the class are provided and new links between sexual and asexual genera and thus synonymies are provided.
Abstract: Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota and is characterised by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci. The class includes many important plant pathogens, as well as endophytes, saprobes, epiphytes, and fungicolous, lichenized or lichenicolous taxa. The class includes freshwater, marine and terrestrial taxa and has a worldwide distribution. This paper provides an updated outline of the Sordariomycetes and a backbone tree incorporating asexual and sexual genera in the class. Based on phylogeny and morphology we introduced three subclasses; Diaporthomycetidae, Lulworthiomycetidae and Meliolomycetidae and five orders; Amplistromatales, Annulatascales, Falcocladiales, Jobellisiales and Togniniales. The outline is based on literature to the end of 2014 and the backbone tree published in this paper. Notes for 397 taxa with information, such as new family and genera novelties, novel molecular data published since the Outline of Ascomycota 2009, and new links between sexual and asexual genera and thus synonymies, are provided. The Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses, 28 orders, 90 families and 1344 genera. In addition a list of 829 genera with uncertain placement in Sordariomycetes is also provided.
266 citations
TL;DR: This treatment of the class Sordariomycetes provides up-to-date DNA based phylogenies for 45 orders and 163 families and provides general descriptions and illustrate the type genus or another genus, where the placement has generally been confirmed with molecular data.
Abstract: This is a continuation of the papers “Towards a classification of Sordariomycetes” (2015) and “Families of Sordariomycetes” (2016) in which we compile a treatment of the class Sordariomycetes. The present treatment is needed as our knowledge has rapidly increased, from 32 orders, 105 families and 1331 genera in 2016, to 45 orders, 167 families and 1499 genera (with 308 genera incertae sedis) at the time of publication. In this treatment we provide notes on each order, families and short notes on each genus. We provide up-to-date DNA based phylogenies for 45 orders and 163 families. Three new genera and 16 new species are introduced with illustrations and descriptions, while 23 new records and three new species combinations are provided. We also list 308 taxa in Sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis. For each family we provide general descriptions and illustrate the type genus or another genus, the latter where the placement has generally been confirmed with molecular data. Both the sexual and asexual morphs representative of a family are illustrated where available. Notes on ecological and economic considerations are also given.
213 citations
Cites background from "Diversity of marine fungi from Egyp..."
...Blackwellomyces Spatafora & Luangsa-ard, IMA Fungus 8: 345 (2017) Index Fungorum number: IF820864; 3 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020), 2 species with sequence data....
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...Burgess, IMA Fungus 4(1): 115 (2013) Index Fungorum number: IF563390; 1 species with sequence data....
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...Macrohilaceae Crous, IMA Fungus 6: 180 (2015) – contributed by Wijayawardene N, Chethana KWT 90. Magnaporthaceae P.F. Cannon, Syst. Ascom. 13: 26 (1994) – contributed by Norphanphoun C, Hongsanan S 91....
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...Macrohilaceae Crous, IMA Fungus 6: 180 (2015) – contributed by Wijayawardene N, Chethana KWT 90....
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...Stadler, IMA Fungus 4(1): 62 (2013) Index Fungorum number: IF803610; 6 morphological species (De Long et al....
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TL;DR: Specific attention is given to the adaptation of the Dothideomycetes to the marine milieu, new lineages of marine fungi and their host specificity.
200 citations
TL;DR: The present paper makes an attempt to review the microbial diversity in mangrove ecosystems and explore their potential applications in various fields such as agriculture, pharmaceutical, industrial, environmental and medical sciences.
Abstract: Mangrove forests occurring at the interface of terrestrial and marine ecosystems represent a rich biological diversity of plants, animals and microorganisms. Microbes, being an important component of the mangrove environment, not only play a very critical role in creating and maintaining this biosphere but also serve as a source of biotechnologically valuable and important products. By participating in various steps of decomposition and mineralization of leaf litter, microbes make an essential contribution to the productivity of the mangrove ecosystem. They able to recycle nutrients, produce and consume gases that affect global climate, destroy pollutants, treat anthropogenic wastes and can also be used for biological control of plant and animal pests. Microorganisms from mangrove environments are a major source of antimicrobial agents and also produce a wide range of important medicinal compounds, including enzymes, antitumor agents, insecticides, vitamins, immunosuppressants, and immune modulators. However, the phylogenetic and functional description of microbial diversity in mangrove ecosystems has not been addressed to the same extent as for other environments. Even though the mangrove ecosystem is very rich in microbial diversity, less than 5% of species have been described; in many cases neither their ecological role nor their application potential is known. Recently developed technologies in molecular biology and genetics offer great promise to explore the potential of microbial diversity. Hence, the present paper makes an attempt to review the microbial diversity in mangrove ecosystems and explore their potential applications in various fields such as agriculture, pharmaceutical, industrial, environmental and medical sciences.
179 citations
Cites background from "Diversity of marine fungi from Egyp..."
...1991), 91 fungi from Egyptian Red Sea (Abdel-Wahab 2005) and 112 species reported from the Bahamas islands (Jones and Abdel-Wahab 2005)....
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...There are some 169 fungal species from Malaysia (Alias et al. 1995), 44 fungi associated with standing senescent Acanthus ilicifolius from Mai Po mangrove, Hong Kong (Sadaba et al. 1995), 76 species from Pearl River Estuary, China (Vrijmoed et al. 1991), 91 fungi from Egyptian Red Sea (Abdel-Wahab 2005) and 112 species reported from the Bahamas islands (Jones and Abdel-Wahab 2005)....
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TL;DR: It is suggested that the horizontal gene transfer of a mitochondrial intron was facilitated by a symbiotic relationship between fungus and sponge, and an ecological relationship between sponge and fungus is suggested based on the genomic analysis.
Abstract: Background
The mitochondrial genome of Metazoa is usually a compact molecule without introns. Exceptions to this rule have been reported only in corals and sea anemones (Cnidaria), in which group I introns have been discovered in the cox1 and nad5 genes. Here we show several lines of evidence demonstrating that introns can also be found in the mitochondria of sponges (Porifera).
122 citations
Cites background from "Diversity of marine fungi from Egyp..."
...More than 500 species of marine fungi, mainly Ascomycota, have been described [27,28] and the number is constantly rising [29-31]....
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References
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01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: The research results were as follow Post – experiment achievement was higher than Pre experiment achievement at level .05 of Significance and the using SPSS for windows by networks had the efficiency of 93.60/90.00.
Abstract: The objectives of this research aimed to construct using SPSS for Windows on Computer Network and compare the learning achievement Using SPSS for Windows on Computer Network of the student registered the research method in Rajamangala University of technology Rattanakosin Wang Kai Kangwon Campus, in the first semester year of 2007. The purposive Random Sampling consisted of 18 Bachelor Degree students registered the research method in the first semester year of 2007. Business administration faculty , Rajamangala University of technology Rattanakosin Wang Kai Kangwon Campus. The instrument consisted of SPSS for Windows on Computer Network to find the efficiency by using the criteria 80/80 (E1 / E2) Pre and Post achievement test the using SPSS for Windows on Computer Network. The value of difficult were between 0.58 – 0.63 and the value of discrimination were between 0.55 – 0.83 and compare learning achievement, the using of SPSS for Windows on Computer Network by using T Test statistics (T – Test). The research results were as follow Post – experiment achievement was higher than Pre experiment achievement at level .05 of Significance. The using SPSS for windows by networks had the efficiency of 93.60/90.00
3,255 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: Marine mycology: the higher fungi, Marine Mycology, the higher fungus, higher fungi as discussed by the authors, higher fungi: a higher fungi genus, higher fungus genus.
Abstract: Marine mycology: the higher fungi , Marine mycology: the higher fungi , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
704 citations
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01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: The World Mangrove Atlas as mentioned in this paper provides an overview of the distribution of mangroves worldwide and provides a range of different mapping techniques and provides detail on some of the issues threatening mangrove worldwide.
Abstract: The World Mangrove Atlas provides an overview of the distribution of mangroves worldwide. Mapped data were gathered from a wide range of sources and were synthesized into a series of 25 regional maps. Related texts describing the species geographic extent and other summary information on the status of mangroves in each country are provided. A number of case studies demonstrate what can be achieved using greater resolution and much more detailed investigation. They show mangroves growing in very different conditions such as estuaries deltas lagoons wet tropical coasts and arid coasts. They also illustrate a range of different mapping techniques and provide detail on some of the issues threatening mangroves worldwide. The atlas is intended for scientists politicians planners conservationists and others who have an interest in the status and future of mangroves. For people interested in the extent and dynamics of mangroves this atlas can provide a well-documented foundation from which to start explorations.
639 citations
"Diversity of marine fungi from Egyp..." refers background in this paper
...Mangrove stands in Egypt cover a total 861 km2, with Avicennia marina being the dominant species (Spalding et al. 1997)....
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Book•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: SPSS for Windows: professional statistics, release 5, SPSS 4.0, release 4.1, and 4.2 are released.
Abstract: SPSS for Windows: professional statistics, release 5 , SPSS for Windows: professional statistics, release 5 , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
443 citations
TL;DR: Most of the species are decomposers of mangrove parts or of detritus in sandy beaches, and the known range of distribution for these fungi was extended.
Abstract: . Marine Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes were collected in tropical and subtropical regions (Australia, Belize, Fiji, Hawaii, Marshall Islands, Mexico, New Zealand, Palau, Thailand), and the known range of distribution for these fungi was extended. Exclusively tropical are 27 taxa, 9 are probably restricted to the tropics also, and 11 are cosmopolitan. Distribution maps are given for 5 taxa. New species (4), varieties (3), and combinations (2) of Ascomycetes are proposed, and keys to the taxa of Halosarpheia and Lulworthia are presented. Most of the species are decomposers of mangrove parts or of detritus in sandy beaches. Nine new host plants were found. Marine Ascomycetes were discovered for the first time living in shells of foraminifera.
154 citations