DNA methylation and cancer.
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TLDR
The possibility that the ‘histone code’ and the DNA cytosine methylation pattern are closely linked is suggested, suggesting ways in which DNA methylation patterns may be established during normal development.Abstract:
There is tremendous ferment in the field of epigenetics as the relationships between chromatin structure and DNA methylation patterns become clearer. Central to this activity is the realization that the 'histone code', which involves the post-translational modification of histones and which has important ramifications for chromatin structure, may be linked to the DNA cytosine methylation pattern. New discoveries have suggested that histone lysine 9 methylation is implicated in the spread of heterochromatin in Drosophila and other organisms. Very recently it has been found that histone lysine 9 methylation is also necessary for some DNA methylation in Neurospora and plants. There is therefore the possibility that these two processes are closely linked, suggesting ways in which DNA methylation patterns may be established during normal development. Understanding these processes is fundamental to understanding what goes awry during the process of aging and carcinogenesis where DNA methylation patterns become substantially altered and contribute to the malignant phenotype.read more
Citations
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Epigenetic regulation of gene expression: how the genome integrates intrinsic and environmental signals
Rudolf Jaenisch,Adrian Bird +1 more
TL;DR: Advances in the understanding of the mechanism and role of DNA methylation in biological processes are reviewed, showing that epigenetic mechanisms seem to allow an organism to respond to the environment through changes in gene expression.
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Circular RNAs in cancer: opportunities and challenges in the field.
TL;DR: The current knowledge on circRNAs is reviewed in relation to their implications in tumorigenesis as well as their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and as possible therapeutic targets in future personalized medicine.
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Cytidine methylation of regulatory sequences near the pi-class glutathione S-transferase gene accompanies human prostatic carcinogenesis
Wen-Hsiang Lee,Ronald A. Morton,Jonathan I. Epstein,James D. Brooks,Pearl A. Campbell,G S Bova,Wen Son Hsieh,William B. Isaacs,William G. Nelson +8 more
TL;DR: Methylation of cytidine nucleotides in GSTP1 regulatory sequences constitutes the most common genomic alteration yet described for human prostate cancer.
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Exome sequencing identifies somatic mutations of DNA methyltransferase gene DNMT3A in acute monocytic leukemia.
Xiaojing Yan,Jie Xu,Zhaohui Gu,Chun-Ming Pan,Gang Lu,Yang Shen,Jing-Yi Shi,Yong-Mei Zhu,Lin Tang,Xiaowei Zhang,Wen-Xue Liang,Jian-Qing Mi,Huai-Dong Song,Ke-Qin Li,Zhu Chen,Sai Juan Chen +15 more
TL;DR: The identification of somatic mutations by exome sequencing in acute monocytic leukemia, the M5 subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M5), suggests a contribution of aberrant DNA methyltransferase activity to the pathogenesis of acute monocrytic leukemia and provides a useful new biomarker for relevant cases.
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FBXW7/hCDC4 is a general tumor suppressor in human cancer
Shahab Akhoondi,Dahui Sun,Natalie von der Lehr,Sophia Apostolidou,Kathleen Klotz,Alena Maljukova,Diana Cepeda,Heidi Fiegl,Dimitra Dofou,Christian Marth,Elisabeth Mueller-Holzner,Martin Corcoran,Markus Dagnell,Sepideh Zabihi Nejad,Babak Noori Nayer,Mohammad Reza Zali,Johan Hansson,Susanne Egyhazi,Fredrik Petersson,Per Sangfelt,Hans Nordgren,Dan Grandér,Steven I. Reed,Martin Widschwendter,Olle Sangfelt,Charles Spruck +25 more
TL;DR: This study is the first comprehensive screen of FBXW7 mutations in various human malignancies and shows that FBxW7 is a general tumor suppressor in human cancer.
References
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Transcriptional repression by the methyl-CpG-binding protein MeCP2 involves a histone deacetylase complex
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TL;DR: The data suggest that two global mechanisms of gene regulation, DNA methylation and histone deacetylation, can be linked by MeCP2, an abundant nuclear protein that is essential for mouse embryogenesis.