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Do Managerial Objectives Drive Bad Acquisitions

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TLDR
This article found that the returns to bidding shareholders are lower when their firm diversifies, when it buys a rapidly growing target, and when the performance of its managers has been poor before the acquisition.
Abstract
This paper documents for a sample of 327 US acquisitions between 1975 and 1987 three forces that systematically reduce the announcement day return of bidding firms. The returns to bidding shareholders are lower when their firm diversifies, when it buys a rapidly growing target , and when the performance of its managers has been poor before the acquisition. These results are consistent with the proposition that managerial rather than shareholders' objectives drive bad acquisitions.

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The Hubris Hypothesis of Corporate Takeovers

TL;DR: The hubris hypothesis is advanced as an explanation of corporate takeovers by Jensen and Ruback as mentioned in this paper, who argued that the evidence supports the hubris hypotheses as much as it supports other explanations such as taxes, synergy, and inefficient target management.
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Risk reduction as a managerial motive for conglomerate mergers

TL;DR: In this article, a manager's motivation for a conglomerate merger is investigated. And the authors show that managers engage in conglomerate mergers to decrease their largely undiversifiable "employment risk" (i.e., risk of losing job, professional reputation, etc.).
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Management entrenchment: The case of manager-specific investments

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how managers can entrench themselves by making manager-specific investments that make it costly for shareholders to replace them, by reducing the probability of being replaced and obtaining more latitude in determining corporate strategy.
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Synergistic gains from corporate acquisitions and their division between the stockholders of target and acquiring firms

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a theoretical analysis of the process of competition for control of the target and empirical evidence that competition among bidding firms increases the returns to targets and decreases the return to acquirers, and that the supply of target shares is positively sloped.
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Value Maximization and the Acquisition Process

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the acquisition process from the managerial perspective and find that making acquisitions is often just the quickest and easiest way for managers to expand the scope of their control by directing the firm's cash flows into new ventures.
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