Drying-induced changes in phosphorus status of soils with contrasting soil organic matter contents – Implications for laboratory approaches
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of soil drying under laboratory conditions on the P status of soils with contrasting physico-chemical and microbial properties was assessed, and the results indicated that soil drying mainly resulted in the lysis of the microbial pool, and to a much lesser extent, in the physical disruption and mineralization of the SOM.
About: This article is published in Geoderma.The article was published on 2012-10-01. It has received 30 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Soil organic matter & Soil fertility.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the contribution of microbial and physicochemical processes to soil phosphorus (P) release by determining DRW effects on C:P ratios of nutrient pulses in fresh and sterilized soils, aggregate stability and P forms released upon soil dispersion.
Abstract: Drying and rewetting (DRW) often increases soil phosphorus (P) availability. Our aims were to elucidate underlying processes and assess potential plant uptake of released P. Using a grassland soil with low available and high microbial P as a model, we studied the contributions of microbial and physicochemical processes to P release by determining DRW effects on i) C:P ratios of nutrient pulses in fresh and sterilized soils, ii) aggregate stability and iii) P forms released upon soil dispersion. Use of the P pulse by maize was examined in a bioassay and a split-root experiment. The strong P pulse after DRW was larger than that observed for C. Experiments with sterilized soil pointed to a non-microbial contribution to the pulse for P, but not for C. Aggregate disruption after DRW occurred due to slaking, and this released molybdate-reactive and -unreactive P. Maize benefitted from the P pulse only in the bioassay, i.e. when planted after the DRW cycle. The majority of C and P released upon DRW originated from the microbial biomass, but for P release, physicochemical processes were also important. In the field, the released P would only be available to drought-resistant plants.
95 citations
Cites background from "Drying-induced changes in phosphoru..."
...Two studies on sandy forest soils postulated a contribution by microbial cell lysis to P release upon DRW of 30– 45 % and 62 %, respectively (Grierson et al. 1998; Achat et al. 2012)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the relationship between physical-chemical soil properties and the availability of inorganic P (i.e., the dynamics of phosphate ions at the solid-to-solution interface), and test the predictive capacity of these relationships.
Abstract: Incorporating the phosphorus (P) cycle in climate-carbon cycle models—or calibrating pedotransfer functions to predict available soil P—are important issues. To achieve them we need to improve our understanding of the P cycle by focusing on processes and on the factors which control P dynamics in soils. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the generality of the relationships between physical–chemical soil properties and the availability of inorganic P (i.e. the dynamics of phosphate ions at the solid-to-solution interface), and to test the predictive capacity of these relationships. We used the French permanent network of forest monitoring (102 forests with contrasting soil properties, called network dataset) and a global compilation of published data from different ecosystems (60 studies, mainly in forests, grasslands, or croplands, called compilation dataset). All studies used an isotopic dilution method to quantify the availability of inorganic P. Results showed generality of the dominant role of aluminum and iron oxides and organic carbon in controlling the dynamics of phosphate ions in acidic and non-acidic soils. Inversely, soil texture, pH and CaCO3 generally had no or only little effect. The control of inorganic P availability by oxides and organic carbon was confirmed by the compilation dataset, even in non-forest soils. Relationships obtained with the network dataset correctly predicted available soil inorganic P, suggesting that the dynamics of phosphate ions in soils could be simulated by including the main controlling soil properties in models. Our study provides predictive tools which could be included in diagnostic systems for the long-term management of soil fertility.
75 citations
Cites background or methods from "Drying-induced changes in phosphoru..."
...Like earlier observations in one particular forest context (Achat et al. 2012), CP was generally closely and positively correlated with the ratio of organic C to Alox ?...
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...Feox was then calculated (Achat et al. 2012, 2013a)....
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...Like earlier observations in one particular forest context (Achat et al. 2012), CP was generally closely and positively correlated with the ratio of organic C to Alox ? Feox....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a study using Extended Triple Collation, Mann-Kendall test, Theil-Sen estimate, Hurst exponent, Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and pertinent methods found that at the pixel scale, the long-term daily soil moisture data from ERA-Interim was closest to the true soil moisture compared with ESA CCI and GLDAS.
61 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied how these weather events affect microbial immobilisation/mobilisation of P on the four soil types from a climatic gradient with increasing annual mean temperatures and a progressive decrease in precipitation: Podzol, Phaeozem, Chernozem and Kastanozem.
Abstract: Drying-rewetting and freezing-thawing can drastically alter P availability in soil. We studied how these weather events affect microbial immobilisation/mobilisation of P on the four soil types from a climatic gradient with increasing annual mean temperatures and a progressive decrease in precipitation: Podzol, Phaeozem, Chernozem and Kastanozem. Soils were exposed to (1) optimal moisture and temperature, (2) drying-rewetting and (3) freezing-thawing. Soils were treated with a 33P spike immediately after rewetting or thawing to simulate P pulse. Thereafter, P immobilisation by soil microorganisms was estimated by direct fumigation and anion exchange membrane techniques. To ensure correct estimation of microbial P (Pmic), the conversion factors kP were determined individually for each soil by 33P labelling with the correction for 33P sorption and 31P–33P isotopic exchange. The membrane extraction minimised both sorption and isotopic exchange of P released with both sorption and isotopic exchange coefficients close to 0.9 irrespectively of the soil. Specific kP varied from 0.19 to 0.38. Pmic values followed the pattern freezing-thawing < drying-rewetting < optimal conditions, varying from 2.0 to 36.6 mg P kg−1. Intensive microbial immobilisation of 33P after rewetting (up to 41 %) demonstrated a conversion of dissolved P to Pmic potentially available for plant nutrition. Remarkably, no detectable microbial immobilisation of 33P was found in the freezing-thawing treatment. In contrast to drying, freezing decreased total Pmic by up to 7.5 times. Values of membrane-extractable 33P increased in the order drying-rewetting < control < freezing-thawing, and up to 77 % of added 33P was recovered in dissolved P forms after thawing, indicating the potential risk of P leaching after freezing-thawing events.
52 citations
Cites background or result from "Drying-induced changes in phosphoru..."
...Our study confirmed the significant drop of Pmic due to drying-rewetting (Achat et al. 2012; Bünemann et al. 2013)....
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...…to the range reported by Brookes et al (1982) (5–72 mg P kg−1 for eight tested soils), Kouno et al. (1995) (10–150 mg P kg−1 for granitic soils and Andosols), Achat et al 2012 (0.1–100 mg P kg−1 for a broad range of 38 soils) and Dijkstra et al. (2015) (11.9–14.7 mg P kg−1 for a meadow soil)....
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...Microbial biomass P in four tested soils varied from 2.6 to 36.6 mg P kg−1, i.e. values were similar to the range reported by Brookes et al (1982) (5–72 mg P kg−1 for eight tested soils), Kouno et al. (1995) (10–150 mg P kg−1 for granitic soils and Andosols), Achat et al 2012 (0.1–100 mg P kg−1 for a broad range of 38 soils) and Dijkstra et al. (2015) (11.9–14.7 mg P kg−1 for a meadow soil)....
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...In the presence of plants, however, the majority of microbial P released upon drying-rewetting might be taken up by plants (Achat et al. 2012; Bünemann et al. 2013)....
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TL;DR: In this article, two riparian wetland soils (A and B) with contrasting soil P speciation were subjected to three successive DRW cycles in soil columns, in which leachates were successively filtrated/ultrafiltrated with 0.45 µm, 30 µm and 5 µm pore size membranes to separate the different colloidal/nanoparticulate fractions.
48 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, acid ammonium oxalate extracts and in dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate extracts of a wide range of Canadian soils, several oxide and silicate minerals, and some amorphous preparations of iron or aluminum and silica.
Abstract: Iron and aluminum were determined in acid ammonium oxalate extracts and in dithionite–citrate–bicarbonate extracts of a wide range of Canadian soils, several oxide and silicate minerals, and some amorphous preparations of iron or aluminum and silica. The oxalate extraction dissolved much of the iron and aluminum from the amorphous materials but very little from crystalline oxides, whereas the dithionite extraction dissolved a large proportion of the crystalline iron oxides as well as much of the amorphous materials. Oxalate-extractable iron and aluminum gave a useful indication of Bf horizon development in many soils, even if the parent materials were high in iron oxides. In one class of Gleysolic soils, however, the Bfg horizons were high in dithionite-extractable iron and low in oxalate-extractable iron. An accumulation of goethite was found in the Bfg horizon of some of these soils. In some other Gleysolic soils iron was depleted in the A horizon but there was no horizon of iron accumulation. Extractio...
1,875 citations
"Drying-induced changes in phosphoru..." refers methods in this paper
...Poorly crystalline Al and Fe oxides were extracted with an ammonium oxalate solution (Alox and Feox; McKeague and Day, 1966)....
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TL;DR: A procedure, based on the complex formation of malachite green with phosphomolybdate under acidic conditions, to measure inorganic orthophosphate in the nanomolar range is described, with advantages of simplicity, stability of the reagents, and high sensitivity.
713 citations
646 citations
"Drying-induced changes in phosphoru..." refers background in this paper
...and Turner et al. (2003), the present work suggests that the effects of soil drying on P status were mainly attributed to microbial cell lysis....
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01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: The concept of soil availability may represent the rate at which N is converted from unavailable to available forms within the rooting zone (Scarsbrook, 1965) or it may refer to the extent to which plant production is constrained by a limited supply of available N.
Abstract: The availability of nitrogen (N) limits production in many forest ecosystems, and many methods are available for estimating N availability (Keeney, 1980; Binkley 1986; Mahendrappa et al., 1986; Binkley and Vitousek, 1989). The concept of soil availability may represent the rate at which N is converted from unavailable to available forms within the rooting zone (Scarsbrook, 1965). Alternatively, it may refer to the extent to which plant production is constrained by a limited supply of available N. These two aspects of N availability were termed N supply rate and N limitation by Chapin et al. (1986). In agroecosystems, N supply rate and N limitation are often closely linked. In forest ecosystems, differences in species composition, stand age, and soil moisture may uncouple low N supply from N limitation (Chapin et al., 1986). In addition, the nonuniform rooting distribution of trees and the presence of forest floors add spatial complexities to forest N cycles that make it more difficult to estimate N availability in forests than in agroecosystems.
551 citations
"Drying-induced changes in phosphoru..." refers background in this paper
...In addition, comparison of the mineralization flux between moist samples and dried-rewetted samples carried out over several weeks showed a quite high consistency (Binkley and Hart, 1989; Grierson et al., 1998; Haney et al., 2004)....
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TL;DR: It is shown that the process of drying and rapidly rewetting soil increases the amount of water-soluble phosphorus present and that this is predominantly in organic form after having been released from the soil microbial biomass.
Abstract: Biogeochemical cycles are shaped by events that follow soil drying and rewetting Here we show that the process of drying and rapidly rewetting soil increases the amount of water-soluble phosphorus present and that this is predominantly in organic form after having been released from the soil microbial biomass This effect could not only significantly affect phosphorus pollution of waterbodies but might also corrupt results from analyses involving water extraction of dried soils
416 citations
"Drying-induced changes in phosphoru..." refers background in this paper
...However, drying as a soil preparation practice can affect the absolute amount of P extracted and the relative amounts of P in different P pools (Chepkwony et al., 2001; Condron and Newman, 2011; Sparling et al., 1985; Styles and Coxon, 2006; Turner and Haygarth, 2001; Turner and Romero, 2010; Turner et al., 2003; Xu et al., 2011)....
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