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Journal ArticleDOI

Dynamics of Mixed Dipterocarps Forests in Wanariset Semboja, East Kalimantan after Three Times of Forest Fires within the Periods of 1980-2003

01 Apr 2005-Biodiversitas-Vol. 6, Iss: 2, pp 133-137
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the results of re-measurement of some 150x110 m2parts of the plot in August 2003, about 23 years after plot establishment.
Abstract: A plot of 150x700 m2 was established in a mixed dipterocarps of Wanariset Semboja, East Kalimantan during the periods of 1979-1981. The forest was dominated by Eusideroxylon zwageri (Lauraceae), Dipterocarpus cornutus (Dipterocarpaceae), Pholidocarpus majadum (Arecaceae), and Diospyros borneensis (Ebenaceae). Since the plot establishment, the forests then had experienced three times of forest fires, those were in 1982-1983, 1994-1995 and 1997-1998. The present paper reports the results of re-measurement of some 150x110 m2parts of the plot in August 2003, about 23 years after plot establishment. Micro topographically, the studied plot was relatively undulating in higher parts and relatively flat in the lower parts of the plot, while the differences between lowest sub-plot and higher sub-plot of the remeasured plot was 26 m. Forest floor of the lower parts of the plot were humid to wet during rainy season and still humid during dry season. Almost all of the trees within lower parts of the plot were escaped from these three times of forest fires; hence these sub-plots weredominated by the trees of primary species that enumerated in 1980. Those sub-plots in the higher parts were burnt during the past forest fires indicated by the charcoal of standing trees and remaining felling logs in the forest floor. These burnt sub-plots were dominated by pioneer or secondary tree species, such as: Mallotus spp., Macaranga spp., Ficus spp. and Vernonia arborea. Local distribution of some indicator species (such as primary tree species: Pholidocarpus majadum, Diospyros spp., Eusideroxylon zwageri and species of Dipterocarpaceae; pioneer or secondary tree species Vernonia arborea, Macaranga spp., Mallotus spp., Ficus uncinulata, Piper aduncum, Peronema canescens) within the plot were figured. Mortality, recruitment and growth rate during the period of 1980-2003 were also discussed.© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: dynamics, mix dipterocarps forest, forest fires, mortality, recruitment and growth rate.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured six burned-unburned paired sites for forest characteristics, regeneration, forest floor and woody debris, and effects of resin tapping in Pinus merkusii forests in Sumatra.

8 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Siregar et al. as mentioned in this paper analyzed the distribution of abundant tree species that survive or grow three years after long drought and forest fires in a mixed dipterocarps forest in East Kalimantan, Malaysia.
Abstract: Siregar M. 2017. Spatial distribution of abundant tree species at a mixed dipterocarps forest in Bukit Bangkirai, East Kalimantan, three years after long drought and forest fire. Pros. Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 3: 246-251. This study aims to determine the distribution of abundant tree species that survive or grow three years after long drought and forest fires. The tree distribution data were extracted from the database of three permanent plots at Bukit Bangkirai, namely: 1.0 ha plot at heavily damaged forest due to forest fires (HD-plot), 0.3 ha at lightly damaged forest due to forest fires (LD-plot) and 1.0 ha plot in a natural unburnt forest (K-plot). The distribution pattern was analyzed by using Morisita's indices of dispersion and Jaccard's indices of species association. Correlation of tree density with height and slope of land were also analyzed in each plot.The results showed that the most of the abundant tree species were clumped at small scales, and the clumps were randomly distributed (inter-clump distribution is random). An exception was found for Macaranga glaberrimus at K-plot and Madhuca kingiana at LD-plot which have random distribution both on small and large plots. Individuals of M. kingiana in K-plot were clumped at larger scales, and they were distributed uniformly within the clumps (intraclump distribution is uniform), which were distributed in the valley and steep slope. Inversely, Shorea laevis is rarely found in valleys and steep slopes. In HD-plot, distributions of Macaranga gigantea, Homalanthus populneus and Mallotus paniculatus were concentrated in the valley and in the lower parts of the slopes which have water availability. It can be concluded that the distribution of secondary species in HD-plot is much influenced by water availability, whereas in LD-plot and K-plot more affected by light availability

4 citations


Cites background from "Dynamics of Mixed Dipterocarps Fore..."

  • ...It seems that the need for light is not a limiting factor for the growth of the three species in the HD-plot, but it is thought to be the availability of water in the soil, where each species is different in sensitivity (Simbolon 2005)....

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  • ...It seems that the need for light is not a limiting factor for the growth of the three species in the HD-plot, but it is thought to be the availability of water in the soil, where each species is different in sensitivity (Simbolon 2005)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Siregar et al. as discussed by the authors analyzed the diversity, structure and type of tree communities at five forest patches, namely in the villages of Bukaka, Garini and Lambak in East Bolaang Mongondow District, and Soyowan and Basaan villages in Southeast Minahasa District, North Sulawesi Province, using a point center quarter method.
Abstract: . Siregar M, Helmanto H, Rakhmawati SU. 2019. Vegetation analysis of tree communities at some forest patches in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 643-655. Deforestation has caused a decline in forest area in Indonesia. Now natural forests is left in the conservation areas while those outside conservation areas are narrow and fragmented. This study aims to analyze forest vegetation and conservation status of the species of trees in some forest patches in North Sulawesi. Diversity, structure and type of tree communities at five forest patches, namely in the villages of Bukaka, Garini and Lambak in East Bolaang Mongondow District, and Soyowan and Basaan villages in Southeast Minahasa District, North Sulawesi Province were studied using a point center quarter method. The total number of tree species (dbh ? 10 cm) across five patches is 84 species. The highest number of species is in Garini (37 species), followed by Lambak (25 species), Soyowan (19 species), Bukaka (10 species) and Basaan (7 species). The species diversity index also shows the same pattern with such species richness, but the dominance index demonstrates opposite trend. The highest evenness index (E) is found in Bukaka (E = 0.9524), followed by Soyowan (E = 0.9061), Garini (E = 0.7873), Basaan (E = 0.7809) and Lambak (E = 0.7099). The most important tree species based on the Species Important Value (SIV) in Bukaka is Ficus sp. (SIV = 52.17), in Garini is Octomeles sumatrana (SIV = 25.73), in Lambak is Boehmeria cylindrica (SIV = 65.03), both in Basaan and Soyowan is Dracontomelon dao with SIV of 96.87 and 46.46 respectively. The beta diversity analyzed based on species similarity index of Jaccard and Whittaker 's index shows a relatively large change in species composition from one location to another. The family of Moraceae, Malvaceae, Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae and Lauraceae are listed as the widest family with a relatively high population. The highest tree density is found in Bukaka (721 trees ha-1), followed by Lambak (482 trees ha-1), Basaan (439 trees ha-1), Garini (292 trees ha-1) and Soyowan (164 trees ha-1). The highest basal area is also found in Garini (53.59 m2 ha-1), followed by Basaan (51.62 m2 ha-1), Lambak (30.74 m2 ha-1), Soyowan (25.13 m2 ha-1) and Bukaka (20.98 m2 ha-1). The results of Cluster analysis using data of species abundance indicate that the five research locations tend to form two types of tree communities. The first community consists of Garini, Soyowan, Lambak and Bukaka, while the second community is represented only by Basaan.

4 citations


Cites background or result from "Dynamics of Mixed Dipterocarps Fore..."

  • ...In one hectare, hundreds of tree species with dbh > 10cm can be found in various forest plots in Kalimantan and Sumatra (Riswan 1987; Abdulhadi et al. 1989; Kartawinata et al. 2004; Sambas and Siregar 2004; Simbolon et al. 2005; Yusuf 2005; Kartawinata 2013)....

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  • ...As there is no dominance of Dipterocarpaceae family as found in Kalimantan and Sumatra (Riswan 1987, Yusuf 2003, Simbolon et al. 2005, Priatna et al. 2006, Kartawinata 2013), therefore the forest in the study sites can be inferred as non-dipterocarp lowland forest group....

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  • ...On the other hand, previous studies at 16 locations in Kalimantan (Kartawinata et al. 1981; Riswan 1987; Yusuf 2003; Yusuf 2005; Simbolon 2005; Simbolon et al. 2005; Sidiyasa 2009; Istomo and Afnani 2014) show that tree densities range from 313 to 787 ha-1 trees with an average of 465 ha1 trees,…...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results showed that the tree species richness is same, 33 species, but there are six species disappear and be replaced by another species as a newcomer, and Species predicted would disappear with a succession of increasingly advanced process is Trema orientalis, while the predicted to survive for much longer are Homalanthus giganteus.
Abstract: Siregar M, Undaharta NKE. 2018. Tree standing dynamics after 30 years in a secondary forest of Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 22-30. Tree standing dynamics in 0.5 ha plot after 30 years in Bukit Tapak secondary forests, Batukahu Nature Reserve, Province 0f Bali was studied by using plot method. The results showed that the tree species richness is same, 33 species, but there are six species disappear and be replaced by another species as a newcomer. Eight species persist as major species based on the importance value, namely: Homalanthus giganteus, Vernonia arborea, Dendrocnide stimulans, Meliosma angustifolia, Saurauia reinwardtiana, Trema orientalis, Macaranga triloba and Polyosma integrifolia. Tree density decreased 19.7%, but the total basal area increased 12.2% with an average basal area per tree were also increased by 39.7%. Shannon diversity index (H`) and Equitability index (E) was increased in 2016. Forests in the plot categorized as old secondary forest are still in the process of maturation toward the primary forest. Species predicted would disappear with a succession of increasingly advanced process is Trema orientalis, while the predicted to survive for much longer are Homalanthus giganteus, Acronichia trifoliolata, Meliosma angustifolia, Polyosma integrifolia, Saurauia reinwardtiana and Dendrocnide stimulans.

4 citations


Cites background from "Dynamics of Mixed Dipterocarps Fore..."

  • ...The species richness in the research plots will appear lower in comparison with lowland forest plots which are generally richer in species (Kartawinata et al. 2004; Sambas and Siregar 2004; Simbolon 2005; Simbolon et al. 2005; Rahmah et al. 2016)....

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  • ...A condition common to tropical rainforests (Meyer 1952; Lorimer 1980; Mori et al. 1989; Leak 1996; Kartawinata et al. 2004; Simbolon 2005; Aigbe and Omokhua 2014), and indicates that the forests in the study sites consistently maintained their specificity distribution of dbh size classes from…...

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References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, some potentially misleading discrepancies that occur in the recent ecological literature are examined.
Abstract: Ecologists frequently measure and compare mortality rates and other count-dependent rates of change. The simplest measures employ mortality counts for predetermined populations over a defined census interval (e.g. Harper 1977; Putz & Milton 1983; Connell et al. 1984; Hubbell & Foster 1990; Turner 1990; Osunkoya et al. 1992). More complex formulations are required to allow comparison over varying time periods, because these measures require a knowledge or assumption of how probabilities of death change over time. In many ecological applications this probability is taken to be constant and can therefore be used to define a rate. In this paper we examine some potentially misleading discrepancies that occur in the recent ecological literature. In its simplest form a constant mortality is modelled by exponential population decline:

450 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...Sheil, D., D.F.R.P. Burslem, and D. Alder, 1995....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The size-RGR relation did not differ among observations at three differen times of year and between two species in different habitals, indicating that it takes 4.6 years for seedlings to attain sexual maturity and 6.4 years to reach 10 g dry weight.
Abstract: Growth and allometry were analyzed for populations of Monophyllaea hirtella Miq and M. horsfieldii R. Br. (Gesneriaceae), forest floor herbs that have only one cotyledonous leaf throughout life, in an equatorial rain forest in West Sumatra. Monophyllaea populations consisted of individuals of various sizes up to 30 g dry weight and 50x70 cm in leaf width and length. The relative growth rate (RGR) declined with size to an asymptotic value of 0.015–0.018 gg-1 week-1 for large individuals at sexual maturity (>2 g dry weight). The size-RGR relation did not differ among observations at three differen times of year and between two species in different habitals, indicating that it takes 4.6 years for seedlings to attain sexual maturity and 6.4 years to reach 10 g dry weight. Irrespective of embryonic organization of Monophyllaea, clear allometry existed among organs. Net assimilation rate was constant for juveniles and increased with size for adults. Decline of both the specific leaf area and the ratio of assimilate allocation to leaf caused the decrease of RGR with size. Reproductive allocation was 31% to reproductive organs and at most 5% to seeds in net production in a large individual of 20 g dry weight.

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Mar 2000-Tropics
TL;DR: The spatial distribution, survival and growth of Elateriaspermum tapas Blume (Euphorbiaceae) were studied from the data of a 1-ha permanent plot at Gunung Berni, West Kalimantan; suggesting the growth pattern of tree dimensions in each individual plant was closely dependent one to another.
Abstract: The spatial distribution, survival and growth of Elateriaspermum tapas Blume (Euphorbiaceae) were studied from the data of a 1-ha permanent plot at Gunung Berni, West Kalimantan. In the plot, number of species and individuals of Euphorbiaceae were 35 and 254, respectively and the most abundant and dominant was E. tapas. Forty four percent of seeds produced in a mast fruiting season could be escaped from predators and germinated into seedlings. The number of the established seedlings was drastically dropped in the next year of the mast fruiting and slightly increased in the second year.The species has classical inverse J-shaped frequency size distribution, suggesting its continuous regeneration. The species was contagiously distributed in the plot. Mortality of shorter seedlings was higher than that of taller seedlings, and the mortality of seedlings in the gap was slightly higher than that of in closed forest. The mortality rate of seedlings was not related to the density of cohort seedlings and variables representing stand structure. The relationships among measured tree dimensions drew a simple linear; suggesting the growth pattern of tree dimensions in each individual plant was closely dependent one to another. The RGR-height tended to decrease in hyperbolic manner by increasing the height of seedlings and saplings, and the RGR-height in the gap were consistently higher than that in the closed forest. The RGR of height on seedlings and saplings or the RGR of diameter on trees in the sub-plots was not significantly related to the variables representing stand structure and relative light intensity ambient the individuals.

5 citations


"Dynamics of Mixed Dipterocarps Fore..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Dalam jenis sendiri ditemukan cenderung menurun dengan pertambahan diameter batang pohon (Kohyama dan Hotta, 1986; Simbolon et al., 2000; Simbolon et al, 2002a)....

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