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ECG data compression techniques-a unified approach

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TLDR
The theoretical bases behind the direct ECG data compression schemes are presented and classified into three categories: tolerance-comparison compression, DPCM, and entropy coding methods and a framework for evaluation and comparison of ECG compression schemes is presented.
Abstract
Electrocardiogram (ECG) compression techniques are compared, and a unified view of these techniques is established. ECG data compression schemes are presented in two major groups: direct data compression and transformation methods. The direct data compression techniques are ECG differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) and entropy coding, AZTEC, Turning-point, CORTES, Fan and SAPA algorithms, peak-picking, and cycle-to-cycle compression methods. The transformation methods include Fourier, Walsh, and Karhunen-Loeve transforms. The theoretical bases behind the direct ECG data compression schemes are presented and classified into three categories: tolerance-comparison compression, DPCM, and entropy coding methods. A framework for evaluation and comparison of ECG compression schemes is presented. >

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Wavelet transforms and the ECG: a review.

TL;DR: In this review, the emerging role of the wavelet transform in the interrogation of the ECG is discussed in detail, where both the continuous and the discrete transform are considered in turn.
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Compressed Sensing for Real-Time Energy-Efficient ECG Compression on Wireless Body Sensor Nodes

TL;DR: This paper quantifies the potential of the emerging compressed sensing (CS) signal acquisition/compression paradigm for low-complexity energy-efficient ECG compression on the state-of-the-art Shimmer WBSN mote and shows that CS represents a competitive alternative to state- of- the-art digital wavelet transform (DWT)-basedECG compression solutions in the context of WBSn-based ECG monitoring systems.
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Recommendations for the Standardization and Interpretation of the Electrocardiogram

TL;DR: This statement examines the relation of the resting ECG to its technology to establish standards that will improve the accuracy and usefulness of the ECG in practice and to recommend recommendations for ECG standards.
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Wavelet compression of ECG signals by the set partitioning in hierarchical trees algorithm

TL;DR: A wavelet electrocardiogram (ECG) data codec based on the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) compression algorithm is proposed and is significantly more efficient in compression and in computation than previously proposed ECG compression schemes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Filtering without Phase Shift

TL;DR: The influences of phase shifts are extremely important in the determination of filtered waveforms and therefore in the interpretation of many biosignals, and are significant because large time displacements result from small phase deviations in the vicinity of the corner frequency.
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A survey ol digital picture coding

TL;DR: The steady growth of modern communication requirements has resulted in a steady increase in the volume of pictorial data that must be transmitted from one location to another.
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Entropy coding in speech and television differential PCM systems (Corresp.)

TL;DR: Additional coding of the DPCM output using entropy coding techniques (Huffman or Shannon-Fano coding) can result in a further increase in the signal-to-quantizing-noise ratio of 5.6 dB without increasing the transmission rate.
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A plea for common standards in computer aided ECG analysis.

TL;DR: Measurement DIF between ECG computer programs are not unexpected, even when identical digital data is used as input, leading to systematic and significant DIF in measurement results and ultimately also in diagnoses.
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