Eco-Driving --- Current Strategies and issues, A Preliminary Survey
27 Mar 2015-pp 226-234
TL;DR: A comprehensive preliminary overview of state-of-art research on this issue is presented in several parts: methods for emission estimation, traffic signal control, cruise control, and eco-driving assist systems.
Abstract: After safe driving, eco-driving has become an economic and green driving idea, which is adapted to the modern engine technology and typically consists of changing a person's driving behavior based on general advice to drivers, such as accelerating slowly, driving smoothly, etc. The concept of eco-driving can help save energy and reduce pollution emissions in an efficient way. In this article, a comprehensive preliminary overview of state-of-art research on this issue is presented in several parts: methods for emission estimation, traffic signal control, cruise control, and eco-driving assist systems. Besides, the challenges and opportunities associated with eco-driving are discussed as well.
Citations
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01 Aug 2015
TL;DR: Simulation results indicate that the proposed intelligent traffic light control scheme can efficiently reducing vehicle's average waiting time, stop times and CO2 emissions.
Abstract: This paper proposes an intelligent traffic light control scheme to reduce vehicles CO2 emissions based on VANET. Within the proposed scheme, real-time traffic information can be obtained by wireless communication between the vehicles and the traffic lights. The intelligent traffic light control approach can be decomposed into two steps. First, an adaptive traffic light control algorithm is proposed with purpose of reducing vehicles waiting time. We model four different phases, and design the demand function to allot the green light for each phases based on multiple traffic factors such as traffic density etc. In order to decrease vehicles stop times, we then derive recommendatory speed for each individual vehicle. This step is to maximize the throughput of the intersection so that the vehicle stopped by the light can be minimized. In addition, we introduce a CO2 emission-estimation model to calculate vehicles CO2 emissions. Finally, comparing with pre-timed control method, simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme can efficiently reducing vehicle's average waiting time, stop times and CO2 emissions.
11 citations
Cites methods from "Eco-Driving --- Current Strategies ..."
...In [7], the paper proposes an adaptive real-time traffic signal control method to reduce the amount of emissions from vehicles for urban environment....
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01 Jul 2017
TL;DR: In this article, an Eco-driving system is presented to optimize energy consumption by predicting the information of signal light, where the reference velocity trajectory that vehicle passes the successive signal intersections without stop is obtained by anticipating the traffic light information.
Abstract: This paper presents an Eco-driving system to optimize energy consumption by predicting the information of signal light. The vehicle fuel consumption in the urban is greatly influenced by traffic light. Firstly the paper formulates the vehicle dynamic model considering about the road conditions. The reference velocity trajectory that vehicle passes the successive signal intersections without stop is obtained by anticipating the traffic light information. Then the paper computes the fuel consumption optimization control input using model predictive control. The comprehensive optimization index includes the fuel consumption model and speed tracking. The simulation results illustrate that this method decreases the waiting times at the traffic light and consequently improve fuel economy, and make the vehicle cruise at a constant speed.
4 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, a baseline emission inventory for the road transport sector for the municipality of eThekwini in South Africa was compiled, which could be used to assess the local applicability of potential mitigation measures that have been previously investigated at a national level.
Abstract: The South African transport sector as a whole is the second largest source of green house gas (GHG) emissions, with South Africa’s road transport sector contributing 80-90% of the total transport emissions. As such there is a need to estimate and assess the contribution and implications of emissions from the road transport sector for both ambient air quality and climate change. This justifies the need for a coherent a holistic vehicle emission modelling framework and scenario analysis for the management of co-emitted emissions in urban areas. The eThekwini Municipality has been progressive in terms of addressing climate change. However, ambient air quality data indicates that road transport is an increasing source of emissions in the municipality. Previous studies of road transport in the municipality have failed to account for off-road transport and therefore over-estimate emissions from on-road vehicles. Furthermore, little work, to date, has been carried out in terms of understanding the mitigation potential of different interventions that could be implemented in the road transport sector. As such the main aim of this study was to compile a baseline emission inventory for the road transport sector for the municipality that could be used to assess the local applicability of potential mitigation measures that have been previously investigated at a national level. These interventions were then prioritised in terms of ability to contribute towards reducing air pollution. The Computer Programme to Calculate Emissions from Road Transport (COPERT) IV model was used to compile an inventory for the municipality based on the on and off road eNATIS vehicle database. The analysis revealed that passenger vehicles and HCV’s produced the greatest quantities of emissions, with diesel engine vehicles responsible for more of the emissions. This baseline was then used to investigate interventions that would simultaneously reduce emissions in the road transport sector. This study found that the most suitable measures include the use of improved efficiency petrol and diesel internal combustion engines, biofuels, shifting freight from road to rail and shifting passengers from cars to public transport (reduced vehicle kilometres and modal shift). By employing these proposed mitigation measures, simultaneous reductions of air quality and climate change emissions can be achieved.
2 citations
Cites background from "Eco-Driving --- Current Strategies ..."
...Given that higher rates of fuel consumption are directly proportional to the emissions of CO2, it stands to reason that greater use of passenger vehicles and LCV’s in the urban environment plays a considerable role in total emissions recorded for these sectors which must be acknowledged (Gkatzoflias et al., 2012; Li et al., 2015)....
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...Benefits include fuel savings, less maintenance, fewer accidents, less operational costs and emission reductions (Li et al., 2015)....
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06 Nov 2020
TL;DR: In this article, a recommended speed calculation scheme based on IoV to obtain vehicle speed and traffic signal phase information is proposed, which helps the driver to reach the destination with higher driving efficiency.
Abstract: Climate change has become a worldwide concern. Reducing CO2 emission is a major challenge for road transportation sector and is of critical importance. This paper, after studying and analyzing the influence of speed on vehicle CO2 emission, proposes a recommended speed calculation scheme based on IoV to obtain vehicle speed and traffic signal phase information. In the recommended speed scenario, the vehicle is informed of the traffic phase information before arriving at the intersection and can set and optimize the current speed. This paper analyzes the three different status of traffic lights and studies the speed that should be adopted in each status. Under the proposed scheme, the recommended speed helps the driver to reach the destination with higher driving efficiency. The average wait time at red traffic lights is shorter than at speeds that are not recommended, resulting in reduced total travel time, higher uninterrupted pass rates, and decreased vehicle fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.
1 citations
References
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Book•
01 Feb 1992TL;DR: In this article, the authors attempt to find a middle ground by balancing engineering principles and equations of use to every automotive engineer with practical explanations of the mechanics involved, so that those without a formal engineering degree can still comprehend and use most of the principles discussed.
Abstract: This book attempts to find a middle ground by balancing engineering principles and equations of use to every automotive engineer with practical explanations of the mechanics involved, so that those without a formal engineering degree can still comprehend and use most of the principles discussed. Either as an introductory text or a practical professional overview, this book is an ideal reference.
3,166 citations
"Eco-Driving --- Current Strategies ..." refers methods in this paper
...The equations and models to derive the macroscopic fuel estimation algorithm are detailed discussed in [6, 7]....
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Book•
30 Oct 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present IC-engine-based and fuel-cell-based propulsion systems for vehicle energy and fuel consumption, as well as a case study of case studies and optimal control theory.
Abstract: Introduction.- Vehicle Energy and Fuel Consumption - Basic Concepts.- IC-Engine-Based Propulsion Systems.- Models of Fuel-Cell Propulsion Systems.- Supervisory Control Algorithms.- Appendix I - Case Studies.- Appendix II - Optimal Control Theory.
941 citations
"Eco-Driving --- Current Strategies ..." refers methods in this paper
...The equations and models to derive the macroscopic fuel estimation algorithm are detailed discussed in [6, 7]....
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TL;DR: The design, development, implementation, and testing of a CACC system, which consists of two controllers, one to manage the approaching maneuver to the leading vehicle and the other to regulate car-following once the vehicle joins the platoon, is presented.
Abstract: Intelligent vehicle cooperation based on reliable communication systems contributes not only to reducing traffic accidents but also to improving traffic flow. Adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems can gain enhanced performance by adding vehicle-vehicle wireless communication to provide additional information to augment range sensor data, leading to cooperative ACC (CACC). This paper presents the design, development, implementation, and testing of a CACC system. It consists of two controllers, one to manage the approaching maneuver to the leading vehicle and the other to regulate car-following once the vehicle joins the platoon. The system has been implemented on four production Infiniti M56s vehicles, and this paper details the results of experiments to validate the performance of the controller and its improvements with respect to the commercially available ACC system.
877 citations
"Eco-Driving --- Current Strategies ..." refers background in this paper
...In [33], the authors present the design, development, implementation, and testing of a Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) system based on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications....
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TL;DR: An optimization-based control algorithm is formulated that uses short range radar and traffic signal information predictively to schedule an optimum velocity trajectory for the vehicle to reduce idle time at stop lights and fuel consumption.
Abstract: This brief proposes the use of upcoming traffic signal information within the vehicle's adaptive cruise control system to reduce idle time at stop lights and fuel consumption. To achieve this goal an optimization-based control algorithm is formulated that uses short range radar and traffic signal information predictively to schedule an optimum velocity trajectory for the vehicle. The control objectives are: timely arrival at green light with minimal use of braking, maintaining safe distance between vehicles, and cruising at or near set speed. Three example simulation case studies are presented to demonstrate the potential impact on fuel economy, emission levels, and trip time.
643 citations
"Eco-Driving --- Current Strategies ..." refers background in this paper
...However, [40] concerned more about the idle time....
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TL;DR: This paper proposes to use vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) to collect and aggregate real-time speed and position information on individual vehicles to optimize signal control at traffic intersections and proves that the OJF algorithm is 2-competitive, implying that the delay is less than or equal to twice the delay of an optimal offline schedule.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose to use vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) to collect and aggregate real-time speed and position information on individual vehicles to optimize signal control at traffic intersections. We first formulate the vehicular traffic signal control problem as a job scheduling problem on processors, with jobs corresponding to platoons of vehicles. Under the assumption that all jobs are of equal size, we give an online algorithm, referred to as the oldest job first (OJF) algorithm, to minimize the delay across the intersection. We prove that the OJF algorithm is 2-competitive, implying that the delay is less than or equal to twice the delay of an optimal offline schedule with perfect knowledge of the arrivals. We then show how a VANET can be used to group vehicles into approximately equal-sized platoons, which can then be scheduled using OJF. We call this the two-phase approach, where we first group the vehicular traffic into platoons and then apply the OJF algorithm, i.e., the oldest arrival first (OAF) algorithm. Our simulation results show that, under light and medium traffic loads, the OAF algorithm reduces the delays experienced by vehicles as they pass through the intersection, as compared with vehicle-actuated methods, Webster's method, and pretimed signal control methods. Under heavy vehicular traffic load, the OAF algorithm performs the same as the vehicle-actuated traffic method but still produces lower delays, as when compared with Webster's method and the pretimed signal control method.
206 citations
"Eco-Driving --- Current Strategies ..." refers background in this paper
...For instance, the authors in [17] collect and aggregate real-time speed and position information on individual vehicles to optimize signal control at traffic intersections by vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)....
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