Journal Article•
Economia e sociedade escravista: Minas Gerais e São Paulo em 1830
TL;DR: The economy and society of Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo in 1830 are analyzed in this article based on manuscript sources, where a majority of slave owners with few slaves, where ownership of them was widely distributed and where there was even a large group of free blacks, including emancipated slaves.
Abstract: The economy and society of Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo in 1830 are analyzed in this article based on manuscript sources. The economy in that period consisted of a majority of slave owners with few slaves, where ownership of them was widely distributed and where there was even a large group of free blacks, including emancipated slaves. These characteristics were different from the model found in slave systems dominated by large plantations. In fact, slavery in Minas and Sao Paulo seems to have resembled the slave system in the United States more than that found on the sugar-producing islands in the West Indies. But in Brazil slaves were more uniformly distributed by region and occupation. The demographic structure of the slaves showed little potential for reproduction, with a high proportion of married slaves in Sao Paulo. Miscegenation was considerable, with a high proportion of mulattos and other persons of mxed race, some of them free, especially in Minas.
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TL;DR: In this article, the bibliography continues its customary coverage of secondary writings published since 1900 in western European languages on slavery or the slave trade anywhere in the world: monographs,...
Abstract: For 2006 the bibliography continues its customary coverage of secondary writings published since 1900 in western European languages on slavery or the slave trade anywhere in the world: monographs, ...
80 citations
TL;DR: Both genotypes were associated with high LPO and TEAC levels and decreased melatonin concentration, suggesting that the level of oxidative stress in patients with Bantu/Bantu and BantU/Benin genotypes may overload the antioxidant capacity.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of beta S-globin gene (β(S) globin) haplotypes and alpha thalassemia with 3.7 kb deletion (-α(3.7kb) thalassemia) in the northwest region of Parana state, and to investigate the oxidative and clinical-hematological profile of β(S) globin carriers in this population. Of the 77 samples analyzed, 17 were Hb SS, 30 were Hb AS and 30 were Hb AA. The β(S)globin haplotypes and -α(3.7kb) thalassemia were identified using polymerase chain reaction.Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were assessed spectophotometrically. Serum melatonin levels were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to coulometric electrochemical detection. The haplotype frequencies in the SS individuals were as follows: Bantu- 21 (62%), Benin - 11 (32%) and Atypical- 2 (6%). Bantu/Benin was the most frequent genotype. Of the 47 SS and AS individuals assessed, 17% (n = 8) had the -α(3.7kb) mutation. Clinical manifestations, as well as serum melatonin, TEAC and LPO levels did not differ between Bantu/Bantu and Bantu/Benin individuals (p > 0.05). Both genotypes were associated with high LPO and TEAC levels and decreased melatonin concentration. These data suggest that the level of oxidative stress in patients with Bantu/Bantu and Bantu/Benin genotypes may overload the antioxidant capacity.
7 citations
Cites background from "Economia e sociedade escravista: Mi..."
...There are also records of slave trading in the state of Paraná in the 17th and 18th centuries, and starting from the second half of the 18th century, internal migration of former slaves was observed from other regions of Brazil to Paraná (Luna and Klein, 2004)....
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...There are also records of slave trading in the state of Paraná in the 17 and 18 centuries, and starting from the second half of the 18 century, internal migration of former slaves was observed from other regions of Brazil to Paraná (Luna and Klein, 2004)....
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19 Dec 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, a conjunto of cartas enviadas by a negociante paulista, tambem traficante de escravos, Antonio da Silva Prado, mais tarde Barao de Iguape.
Abstract: Este artigo utiliza como principal fonte documental um conjunto de cartas enviadas pelo negociante paulista, tambem traficante de escravos, Antonio da Silva Prado, mais tarde Barao de Iguape. Tal fonte nos permite a analise da montagem da operacao do comercio da mercadoria humana e o seu resultado. As cartas referem-se, basicamente, as duas viagens a Mocambique de um navio negreiro. Mantendo constante dialogo com a historiografia, nossa analise demonstra a complexidade da operacao e a vasta rede de relacoes estabelecidas para a realizacao do empreendimento. Por fim, tecemos alguns comentarios acerca do tratamento dispensado aos escravos, da elevada mortalidade nas viagens do Conceicao Esperanca, bem como acerca dos ganhos passiveis de serem auferidos naquele grande negocio.
4 citations
DOI•
TL;DR: In this paper , acompanhar os enquadramentos gerais da população escrava, tais como taxa de africanidade, média entre crianças e mulheres cativas, estrutura etária, razão de masculinidade.
Abstract: Neste artigo procuramos acompanhar os enquadramentos gerais da população escrava, tais como taxa de africanidade, média entre crianças e mulheres cativas, estrutura etária, razão de masculinidade, dentre outros apontamentos elucidativos à conformação da estrutura de posses de escravos no município de Pouso Alegre, entreposto comercial sul-mineiro, que apresentou dinâmica inserção na rede Centro-Sul de abastecimento interno ao Rio de Janeiro no período oitocentista. Para efetuarmos esses apontamentos, desenvolvemos o entrecruzamento de inventários post mortem (1820-1888), com o conjunto de fontes pré-censitárias (mapas de população de 1833-1835 e listas nominativas de 1838), no intuito de elaborarmos, assim, um mapeamento da população escrava dessa localidade.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors pointed out that one of the features that most distinguished the Brazilian slave system from many of its counterparts in the Caribbean and on the North American continent was the widespread practice of manumission of slaves.
Abstract: One of the features that most distinguished the Brazilian slave system from many of its counterparts in the Caribbean and on the North American continent was the widespread practice of manumission of slaves. Indeed, a number of scholars using the comparative approach have pointed to the relative likelihood of slaves obtaining their freedom as proof of the mildness of Brazilian slavery. While there are reasons to doubt that Brazilian slave holders might have been inherently more benevolent than others, manumission practices were obviously at the historic root of the enormous growth of the free coloured segment of the population throughout the colonial period and during the Empire. Notwithstanding, manumission in Brazil has seldom been subject to systematic study largely owing to the frustrating dearth of sources dealing with anything beyond the individual freeing of slaves. The aggregate censuses which begin to show up for the mid-eighteenth century confirm the growing size of the free coloured population, but serve only as an indirect indication of the importance of manumissions. Recent research in social history has increasingly focused on a different set of sources such as the occasional cartas de alforria (certificates of freedom), wills and testaments and inheritance records. While bringing to light numerous and revealing stories of how individual slaves managed to obtain their freedom stories which, by the way, only very rarely give witness to the benevolence of Brazilian slave holders such studies can do no more than provide a fragmented glimpse of the dynamics of manumissions and their effects on the overall slave system. By die second half of the eighteenth century the proportional size of the
56 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an African-born slave living in the city of Salvador da Bahia, Brazil, obtained his carta de alforria (letter of liberty) on May 14, 1852.
Abstract: R A N CIS C O, an African-born slave living in the city of Salvador da Bahia, Brazil, obtained his carta de alforria (letter of liberty) on May 14, 1852. His African origin or "nation" (naSao) was Nago. For his own freedom, Francisco paid the equivalent of seven hundred thousand reis (seven hundred milreis), the price his owner had paid to his former owner. But Francisco did not pay cash; rather he purchased his freedom by substituting another male slave called Joao whom he, Francisco, owned. Joao was also Nago and subsequently took Francisco's place working on a small boat known as an alvarenga, a lighter that ferried goods between ship and shore.' Francisco's letter of liberty does not tell how he accumulated enough money to purchase Joao, or how Francisco had come to own his own slave, albeit temporarily, presumably with the permission of his owner. All it reveals is that Francisco, employed in an urban occupation, possibly for many years, negotiated with his owner to arrive at a mutually agreeable price for Joao, a price equivalent to what the owner was demanding for
49 citations
Additional excerpts
...Entre outros, ver Higgins (1997), Nishida (1993), Carvalho (1998), Mattoso (1972 e 1976), Schwartz (1974), Eisenberg (1987), Kiernan (1976), Karasch (1987) e Libby e Paiva (2000)....
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38 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1978
29 citations
"Economia e sociedade escravista: Mi..." refers background in this paper
...Segundo o levantamento do governo realizado por Daniel Pedro Müllerem 1836 (Müller, 1978), o território que hojecompõe o Estado de São Paulo possuíauma população de 282 mil pessoas, dasquais 201 mil eram livres e 81 mil eramescravas....
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01 Jun 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, an analise of 2.093 cartas de alforria levantadas em Campinas, for o periodo de 1798 a 1888, pretende-se estudar o alforriado "padrao", tal como apresentado pela historiografia sobre o tema.
Abstract: Atraves da analise de 2.093 cartas de alforria levantadas em Campinas, para o periodo de 1798 a 1888, pretende-se estudar o alforriado "padrao", tal como apresentado pela historiografia sobre o tema. Analisam-se as caracterIsticas do alforriado (sexo, cor etc.) e da alforria (onerosa ou gratuita). Conclui-se que enquanto a maioria da populacao escrava era masculina, negra, crioula, em idade produtiva e sem profissao qualificada, as alforrias registradas eram na maior parte de escravas mulatas, crioulas, muito jovens ou muito velhas e empregadas no servico domestico. Esse quadro modificou-se nas ultimas decadas da escravidao, aproximando-se o padrao do alforriado ao da populacao escrava.
16 citations