Ed.: S. Williams: Official Methods of Analysis. 14. Auflage, Arlington, Va., Publ. Assoc. Official Analytical Chemists, INC, 1984, 1141 S., US $ 151.50
About: This article is published in Acta Hydrochimica Et Hydrobiologica.The article was published on 1986-01-01. It has received 1076 citations till now.
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TL;DR: The AOAC not only changed its name to Association of Official Analytical Chemists but also underwent a striking expansion and transformation, the highlights of which are the subject of this account.
Abstract: In 1964, William Horowitz published the history of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC), of which he was the chief executive officer (Horwitz 1964). At that time the AOAC had existed for 80 years and had ventured very little beyond its stated purpose of validating and publishing standardized methods of analysis for substances important to agriculture and the public health through a highly structured system of interlaboratory testing and review. In the ensuing quarter of a century, however, the AOAC not only changed its name to Association of Official Analytical Chemists but also underwent a striking expansion and transformation. The highlights of that transformation are the subject of this account.
561 citations
TL;DR: In this article, four provenances of J. curcas from different agro-climatic regions of Mexico (1. Castillo de Teayo, 2. Pueblillo 3. Coatzacoalcos and 4. Yautepec), that differed in morphological characteristics, were studied.
497 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, meta-analysis techniques were used to examine the effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide [CO2] on the protein concentrations of major food crops, incorporating 228 experimental observations on barley, rice, wheat, soybean and potato.
Abstract: Meta-analysis techniques were used to examine the effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide [CO2] on the protein concentrations of major food crops, incorporating 228 experimental observations on barley, rice, wheat, soybean and potato. Each crop had lower protein concentrations when grown at elevated (540–958 μmol mol−1) compared with ambient (315–400 μmol mol−1) CO2. For wheat, barley and rice, the reduction in grain protein concentration was ∼10–15% of the value at ambient CO2. For potato, the reduction in tuber protein concentration was 14%. For soybean, there was a much smaller, although statistically significant reduction of protein concentration of 1.4%. The magnitude of the CO2 effect on wheat grains was smaller under high soil N conditions than under low soil N. Protein concentrations in potato tubers were reduced more for plants grown at high than at low concentrations of ozone. For soybean, the ozone effect was the reverse, as elevated CO2 increased the protein concentration of soybean grown at high ozone concentrations. The magnitude of the CO2 effect also varied depending on experimental methodology. For both wheat and soybean, studies performed in open-top chambers produced a larger CO2 effect than those performed using other types of experimental facilities. There was also indication of a possible pot artifact as, for both wheat and soybean, studies performed in open-top chambers showed a significantly greater CO2 effect when plants were rooted in pots rather than in the ground. Studies on wheat also showed a greater CO2 effect when protein concentration was measured in whole grains rather than flour. While the magnitude of the effect of elevated CO2 varied depending on the experimental procedures, a reduction in protein concentration was consistently found for most crops. These findings suggest that the increasing CO2 concentrations of the 21st century are likely to decrease the protein concentration of many human plant foods.
474 citations
TL;DR: Cultured and wild sea bass may be differentiated using total lipid content, fatty acid proportions and trace mineral compositions and these differences may be attributed to the constituents of the diet of the fish.
456 citations
TL;DR: Although a daily intake of 19 kg of DM was achieved on spring pasture, the significant mobilization of energy reserves indicated that supplemental energy is required to achieve milk production greater than 30 kg/d from high producing Holstein cows on intensive grazing systems.
454 citations