DOI•
Education of coastal engineers for the 50th ICCE
05 Aug 1997-Vol. 1, Iss: 25, pp 4431-4439
TL;DR: In this paper, the meaning of education for coastal engineers is discussed, and what the meaning is for education of coastal engineers will be worked out in this paper, as well as what the importance of knowledge from five years ago to be applied in the next five to 15 years is discussed.
Abstract: In general the problem in education is that we teach nowadays students the knowledge from five years ago, to be applied in the next 5 to 15 years (I admit, the student of today will have reached his retirement when he will participate in the 50th ICCE, the title is exaggerating reality). When one analyses the developments in the profession, it is clear that teaching present day facts is not very useful. We have to teach approaches, design philosophy, concepts, etc. What the meaning is for education of coastal engineers will be worked out in this paper.
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01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors bring some international perspectives on the policy, design, construction, and monitoring aspects of Hydraulic and Coastal Structures in general, and whenever possible, to present some comparison (or reasons for differences) between the experiences of various countries and/or geographical regions.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to bring some international perspectives on the policy, design, construction, and monitoring aspects of Hydraulic and Coastal Structures in general, and whenever possible, to present some comparison (or reasons for differences) between the experiences of various countries and/or geographical regions. This chapter reviews the trends of our hydraulic/coastal engineering profession and presents an overview of miscellaneous aspects, which should be a part of the entire design process for civil engineering structures. This overview ranges from initial problem identification boundary condition definition and functional analysis, to design concept generation, selection, detailing an costing and includes an examination of the construction and maintenance considerations and quality assurance/quality control aspects. It also indicates the principles and methods, which support the design procedure making reference as appropriate to other parts of the chapter. It must be recognized that the design process is a complex iterative process and my be described in more than one way. Some speculation on the possible future needs and/or trends in hydraulic and coastal structures in the larger international perspective is also presented briefly.
6 citations
Cites background from "Education of coastal engineers for ..."
...Engineers have to be trained to become more and more keen on this problem (Verhagen, 1996)....
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TL;DR: The idea that the groundwater table plays a role in the mobilization of the sediment grains underlies the application of the beach drainage system (BDS) as a tool able to modify the natural dynamics of groundwater table at sandy beaches as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: The beach drainage can be included among the soft engineering methods aimed to counteract the shoreline retreat related to the sediment redistribution along the beach profile. The idea that the groundwater table plays a role in the mobilization of the sediment grains underlies the application of the beach drainage system (BDS) as a tool able to modify the natural dynamics of groundwater table at sandy beaches. Indeed, BDS consists of a series of alongshore buried drains aimed to lower the groundwater table. Due to the drainage, the thickening of the layer of dry sand makes the solid grains less prone to be mobilized by the action of the waves at the swash zone, where interaction phenomena between the percolating and the incoming water lens take place. This tool had a troubled history. Its first applications were encouraging. Since then, controversial performances of both experimental and prototype scale experiences have been observed around the world. This paper aims to present an up-to-date full review of the studies and experiments carried out so far, in order to provide the reader with a complete perspective on its strength and weakness as well as open challenges to be faced in the near future.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined how seagrass may affect shoreline morphodynamics by making inferences from existing knowledge of conventional submerged structures, such as breakwaters and artificial reefs, on adjacent shorelines.
Abstract: Coastal ecosystems, such as seagrass meadows, have been heralded as a nature-based solution for coastal protection. However, the functions of seagrass meadows, including wave attenuation and sediment stabilisation, have typically been measured offshore and do not directly translate to coastal protection at the shoreline. In contrast, the protective effects of conventional submerged structures, such as breakwaters and artificial reefs, on adjacent shorelines have been well described and are predictable. Importantly, these artificial structures often cause erosion in adjacent areas. This study examines how seagrass may affect shoreline morphodynamics by making inferences from existing knowledge of conventional submerged structures. Both conventional submerged structures and seagrass meadows affect wave height and direction, yet this effect on longshore sediment transport has only been considered within the context of coastal defence structures. From the conventional literature on submerged structures, it is known that a constant rate of longshore sediment transport will result in a constant shoreline shape. Therefore, a change in the rate of longshore sediment transport, or gradient, generates changes in the shoreline shape and, hence, the shoreline morphodynamics. We propose that seagrass also has spatially heterogeneous effects on shoreline morphodynamics, with protection occurring in some locations and downstream erosion likely in others. Empirical and modeling research is required to test this hypothesis. In the meantime, this review suggests contexts under which seagrass may affect shoreline morphodynamics and provide shoreline protection. This research bridges the gaps in knowledge across marine ecology, physical oceanography and coastal engineering to overcome some of the challenges of interdisciplinary coastal science.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the issue of wave-breaking closure for the well-known Green-Naghdi model and attempt at providing some more understanding of the sensitivity of some closure approaches to the numerical set-up is considered.
Abstract: We consider the issue of wave-breaking closure for the well-known Green–Naghdi model and attempt at providing some more understanding of the sensitivity of some closure approaches to the numerical set-up. More precisely and based on Kazolea and Ricchiuto (Ocean Model 123:16–39, 2018), we used two closure strategies for modeling wave-breaking of a solitary wave over a slope. The first one is the hybrid method consisting of suppressing the dispersive terms in a breaking region and the second one is an eddy viscosity approach based on the solution of a turbulent kinetic energy model. The two closures use the same conditions for the triggering of the breaking mechanisms. Both the triggering conditions and the breaking models themselves use case depended/ad/hoc parameters which are affecting the numerical solution while changing. The scope of this work is to make use of sensitivity indices computed by means of analysis of variance to provide the sensitivity of wave-breaking simulation to the variation of parameters such as the mesh size and the breaking parameters specific to each breaking model. The sensitivity analysis is performed using the UQlab framework for uncertainty quantification (Marelli et al., UQLab user manual—sensitivity analysis, Technical report, Chair of Risk, Safety and Uncertainty Quantification, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, 2019).
2 citations
References
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TL;DR: The distinction between information and knowledge and the most immediate consequences of this distinction are set out in an appendix to this introductory paper as mentioned in this paper, and the new challenges that hydroinformatics presents are outlined and related to the contributions to this special edition of the Journal of Hydraulics Research.
Abstract: Through the rapidly ongoing process of electronic encapsulation of information and knowledge, a new kind of space opens up in hydraulics between the places and ways in which information and knowledge are produced, through research, and the places and ways in which these are applied, through engineering and management practice. It is this space that is now being occupied by hydroinformatics. The special problems of presenting hydroinformatics arc introduced in relation to the types of electronic knowledge encapsulators that are currently being brought together and integrated in real-time-control, alarm-handling, computer-aided design, computer- aided management and other systems. The new challenges that hydroinformatics presents are outlined and related to the contributions to this special edition of the Journal of Hydraulics Research.The distinction between information and knowledge and the most immediate consequences of this distinction are set out in an appendix to this introductory paper.
20 citations
02 Mar 1992
TL;DR: In the industrialised countries there is a strong tendency to solve problems in such a way that the amount of required labour decreases, thus, a capital-intensive solution is searched for.
Abstract: Copying solutions from the western, industrial countries for application in developing countries is in general not the best solution for solving the problems of developing countries. The main reason for that is that the available resources in the developing world are different from the resources in western countries. In the industrialised countries there is a strong tendency to solve problems in such a way that the amount of required labour decreases. Thus, a capital-intensive solution is searched for. The reason for this is the very costly social system and the high standard of living. This causes a large deference between the hourly income and the hourly costs of labour, which is much less in developing countries. On the other hand it is difficult and expensive to import industrial products from abroad. Also it is difficult to have sufficient financial resources available. For those countries it is more economic and more attractive to search for solutions which require hardly any investments, but are relatively labour-intensive. These solutions generally require often more maintenance. However, increased maintenance costs may even be advisable, provided initial investment is very low. The total cost of the solution, i.e. investment plus maintenance, can be spread over a longer period without financial indebtedness. The above described philosophy is valid in many sectors of society, but is especially true in the coastal zone. Works in the coastal zone are generally of a large scale, requiring a long planning and very often designed using capital intensive methods.
4 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The coastal engineer who works largely full time in the field and on prototype conditions, keeps up to date, by practicing in two domains concurrently, basically continually reading the literature and where possible attending suitable coastal conferences.
Abstract: The coastal engineer who works largely full time in the field and on prototype conditions, keeps up to date, by practicing in two domains concurrently. The first is carried out in the field and consists of observing, collecting data, collating it and researching the results. The second domain consists of his on-going studies, basically continually reading the literature and where possible attending suitable coastal conferences. The first domain has hardly changed at all in the last 30 years, apart from the deployment of much more sophisticated and often much less reliable sensors, but in only the last 10 years, the second (or study) domain has changed nearly beyond recognition.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a joint IAHR and UNESCO panel addressed the current developments in hydraulic engineering and their implications for the education of hydraulic engineers and proposed a framework of underlying basic sciences, geosciences and engineering sciences.
Abstract: In ihis report, a joint IAHR and UNESCO panel addresses the current developments in hydraulic engineering and their implications for the education of hydraulic engineers. The framework of underlying basic sciences, geosciences and engineering sciences and the large variety of engineering subjects involved must be seen in the broader context of the natural and social environment. In addition to its classical tasks, hydraulic engineering has evolved to deal with water quality, environmental issues and ecology, and it is further broadened by the new challenges posed by the need for sustainable development and by the threat of global changes. New developments in science and technology and computer sciences must be reflected both in contents and methods of teaching. Education must also provide engineering skills and procedures as well as professional preparation including the ability to work in interdisciplinary teams. In view of these developments, continuing education will have a major role to play, ...
4 citations
25 Sep 1995
TL;DR: In this article, the requirements for an educational program for coastal engineers from developing countries are quite different from those for the training of engineers from the industrialized world, and more attention has to be paid to the development of capabilities to come to practical solutions given the local constraints.
Abstract: Worldwide there is a need for training of engineers to work within the framework of Coastal Zone Management. This has effects on the education of engineers. Moreover, the requirements for an educational program for coastal engineers from developing countries are quite different from the requirements for the training of engineers from the industrialized world. In a university course for engineers from developing countries more attention has to be paid to the development of capabilities to come to practical solutions given the local constraints and to be able to assess the work done by foreign consultants.
4 citations