Effect of day and night temperatures during short photoperiods on growth and flowering of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat
TL;DR: The effect of day and night temperatures of 10, 14 and 18°C on growth and flowering under short days was studied with six cultivais of chrysanthemum, finding that a high day temperature resulted in earlier flowering and taller stems, but did not influence flower number and final total fresh weight.
About: This article is published in Scientia Horticulturae.The article was published on 1984-03-01. It has received 31 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Chrysanthemum morifolium & photoperiodism.
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TL;DR: It is shown that DIF can predict final internode length only within a temperature range where effects of DT and NT are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign (18-24 degrees C).
72 citations
TL;DR: Growth in length of the stem was strongly reduced by a lower day temperature and early yield was lower for this treatment, most likely caused by low transpiration.
Abstract: SummaryThe response of glasshouse grown tomatoes, cv. Counter, to day/night temperature regimes was examined in two consecutive years. In both years three day/night temperature regimes, with the same average 24-hour temperature, were applied in duplicate, i.e. high/low, equal, and low/high. Differences in temperature were maintained from three days after planting (4 December 1984 and 3 February 1986) until 13 May 1985 and 1 May 1986, respectively. Plant development (increase in number of trusses) was not affected.by the temperature regime. Growth in length of the stem was strongly reduced by a lower day temperature. In the first experiment the crop at the low day temperature treatment was damaged by leaf scorch, most likely caused by low transpiration. Consequently, early yield was lower for this treatment. In the second experiment no leaf scorch occurred and no significant differences in early yield were found. Final yield and average fruit weight, until 1 July for both experiments, were higher at the hi...
63 citations
TL;DR: A reanalysis of previously published data describing flowering responses to light integral and temperature in chrysanthemum indicates that, over a wide range of temperatures and light integrals, the rate of progress of flowering increases linearly with increasing light integraland effective temperature.
Abstract: A reanalysis of previously published data describing flowering responses to light integral and temperature in chrysanthemum indicates that, over a wide range of temperatures and light integrals, the rate of progress of flowering increases linearly with increasing light integral and effective temperature. Effective temperature is the sub-optimum temperature equivalent of a supra-optimum temperature in terms of developmental rate. At low light integral the rate of progress to flowering decreases more rapidly with declining light integral. The relationships are contrasted with recently published functional relationships describing flowering in chrysanthemum to light and temperature.
54 citations
TL;DR: The effects of temperature, especially in the sub-optimal temperature range, on growth and development of chrysanthemum are reviewed with special emphasis on cultivar differences, especially on leaf unfolding rate and time to flowering.
Abstract: SummaryThe effects of temperature, especially in the sub-optimal temperature range, on growth and development of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum syn. Chrysanthemum morifolium) are reviewed with special emphasis on cultivar differences. The developmental aspects analysed in this paper are leaf unfolding rate, stem elongation, time to flowering, and the number and sizes of flowers. Growth is studied as biomass production and partitioning to different plant organs. Temperature has a significant effect on development, especially on leaf unfolding rate and time to flowering, both of which show an optimum response to temperature. The optimum for time to flowering is cultivar-dependent and lies between 17o – 22oC. Also, for the other developmental traits, there are clear differences between cultivars in their response to temperature. The effect of temperature on biomass production is less clear. When leaf area index is low, sub-optimal day temperatures decrease biomass production due to the formation of...
43 citations
TL;DR: It can be concluded that eachexternal quality character is influenced by several growing conditions interacting with each other, and the development of an explanatory model, as a climate control tool to predict and optimize external quality in year-round chrysanthemum production would be of utmost importance.
Abstract: SummaryThe effects of greenhouse climate and plant density on external quality of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum syn. Chrysanthemum morifolium) are reviewed. The external quality aspects analysed in this paper are stem morphology (length, diameter and “strength”), leaf morphology (number and size) and floweringaspects (number, size and position). Increasing assimilate availability level (e.g. higher light intensity, higher CO2 concentration and/or lower plant density) has a positive effect on several external quality aspects of chrysanthemum. It results in longer stems, more lateral branches, a higher number of flowers and increased flower size per plant. Furthermore, both temperature and daily light integral are the main factors that determine stem elongation and time toflowering. Time to flowering is not affected by the CO2level. In general it can be concluded that eachexternal quality character is influenced by several growing conditions interacting with each other. Therefore, the development...
40 citations
Cites background from "Effect of day and night temperature..."
...Thus, the effect of average 24.h temperature mainly results from DT, the main environmental factor controlling height in chrysanthemum (Cockshull et al., 1981; LePage et al., 1984)....
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...h temperature mainly results from DT, the main environmental factor controlling height in chrysanthemum (Cockshull et al., 1981; LePage et al., 1984)....
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01 Sep 1982
42 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that flower initiation in the chrysanthemum in long days is inevitable, with the time of initiation depe...
Abstract: SummaryRooted cuttings of twelve cultivare of Chrysanthemum morifolium, a short-day plant, were grown exclusively in long days in three consecutive experiments. The terminal and axillary apical meristems of all cultivars eventually initiated flower buds, although their further development was inhibited in long days and they did not reach anthesis. The period of vegetative growth was quantified in terms of the numbers of leaves and bracts initiated by each meristem prior to flower initiation. This number varied between cultivars and between experiments, but when the cultivars were ranked in order of leaf number, their relative positions were similar in each experiment. The rate of leaf initiation also varied between cultivars, but was not correlated with the number of leaves formed below the flower, from which it was estimated that the time of flower initiation also varied with cultivar.It was concluded that flower initiation in the chrysanthemum in long days is inevitable, with the time of initiation depe...
38 citations
TL;DR: The influence of day and night temperatures in the range of 10–17°C on the vegetative growth under long days of 17 year-round cultivars of chrysanthemum was studied and a decrease of the day or night temperature reduced growth, but the effect of theDay temperature was much stronger than that of the night temperature.
8 citations